ABSTRACT
Abstract The aim of this work was to describe the phenotypic and genotypic variability related to iris color for the population of Buenos Aires province (Argentina), and to assess the usefulness of current methods of analysis for this country. We studied five Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) included in the IrisPlex kit, in 118 individuals, and we quantified eye color with Digital Iris Analysis Tool. The markers fit Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the whole sample, but not for rs12913832 within the group of brown eyes (LR=8.429; p=0.004). We found a remarkable association of HERC2 rs12913832 GG with blue color (p < 0.01) but the other markers did not show any association with iris color. The results for the Buenos Aires population differ from those of other populations of the world for these polymorphisms (p < 0,01). The differences we found might respond to the admixed ethnic composition of Argentina; therefore, methods of analysis used in European populations should be carefully applied when studying the population of Argentina. These findings reaffirm the importance of this investigation in the Argentinian population for people identification based on iris color.
ABSTRACT
AIM:To determine whether there was a significant relationship between eye iris color with axial length, intraocular pressure, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, macular thickness and choroidal thickness.METHODS:A prospective cross-sectional study involving 92 eyes of 92 healthy volunteers.These were divided into dark colored-eye (DCE) and light-colored eye (LCE) groups according to iris color.The RNFL and macular thicknesses were analysed with standard optical coherence tomography (OCT) protocol while choroidal thickness was analysed with electronic data interchange (EDI) protocol in all subjects.Choroidal thickness was measured at the fovea, 1500 μm nasal and 1500 μm temporal to the fovea in a horizontal section.RESULTS:Of the 92 eyes included, 62 (67.4%) were dark-colored while 30 (32.6%) were light-colored.The mean age was 29.22±5.86y in the subjects with DCE and 28.86±6.50y in those with LCE.No significant difference was detected in mean age, axial length, macular thickness, choroidal thickness and intraocular pressure (IOP) between the groups (P>0.05).However, RNFL thicknesses varied depending on the quadrant measured, and were lower in both global and the nasal and temporal quadrants for individuals with LCE (P≤0.022).CONCLUSION:No significant differences were found in IOP, macular thickness and choroid thickness between individuals with DCE and LCE.Meanwhile, the RNFL thickness is lower.
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Objective To investigate the genetic patterns of iris pigmentat mutation in the white hair black eye ( WHBE) rabbits.Methods To construct six two-generation families between WHBE rabbit and Japanese white rabbit, and the quantity of individuals had different eye colours in F1 and F2 generations were recorded and analyzed.Results χ2 test showed there was no significant difference between observed values and expected values in the mode of autosomal domi-nate inheritance ( P>0.05) , while there were significant differences between observed values and expected values in the autosomal recessive inheritance and sex-linked genetic pattern(P<0.05).Conclusions Iris pigmentat mutation in WHBE rabbit has a monogenic character due to autosomal dominant mutation.
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AIM: To report the demographic characteristics of a sample of population affected by exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the region of Castilla-Leon (North-Central Spain), and to compare them with a group of population of the same age and from the same geographic area.METHODS: In this observational, prospective study, AMD patients attending a regional reference clinic for photodynamic therapy were interviewed. The patients reported their medical history for high blood pressure, hyperlipemia and smoking habit. Iris color was examined and classified as fight (green, blue and grey) or dark (hazel, brown, black).RESULTS: A total of 343 patients were interviewed. Mean age at onset was 74.9 years (range 55 to 93), Among whom 64.5% were female and 35.5% male. Iris color was rated as light in 45.1% of the patients. Arterial hypertension (AH) was present in 50% of the cases and 15.3% were on treatment for hypercholesterolemia, and 30.2% of the patients were smokers or had quit smoking (80.9% of males).CONCLUSION: The frequency of light colored iris is higher among patients with exudative AMD. In our series, other risk factors for exudative AMD were smoking habit in males, not being on treatment for hypercholesterolemia and being female.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: In a study, iris color was positively associated with skin melanin content. So it could be assumed that iris color has a close relationship with skin color. But until recently, classification system of iris color has been subjective and not suitable especially for Asian population for their relative homogeneity of iris color. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to devise an objective and quantitative method to measure iris and skin color quantitatively and to assess the relationship and its significance. METHODS: We devised photographic system composed of digital camera and tungsten lamp with color temperature conversion filter to acquire adequate iris images for colorimetric investigations. The reference CIELAB coordinates of color chart recorded with reflectance spectrophotometer were compared statistically with computed CIELAB coordinates from digital images in order to find equations for calibrating CIELAB values. To find the dermatological significance, we took pictures of 47 Korean patients with various conditions. They were evaluated with regard to iris color, color of sun-exposed and sun-protected skin. RESULTS: The images obtained with this system were enough to be used for the assessment of iris and skin color. And, it was possible to quantify the iris color, skin color and its difference in colorimetric ways using the methods in this study. Lightness (L*) of sun-exposed skin is decreased to the age. L* of iris has a positive correlation with L* of sun-exposed skin. L* of iris was positively correlated with a* and b* of iris respectively. The relations were very similar with those between L* of iris and each of a* and b* of sun-protected skin. CONCLUSION: Iris color could be assessed by using their images colorimetrically obtained by our method. As L* of iris color has the similar relations with a* and b* in both iris and sun-protected skin, the iris color would be a clue to look for and define the constitutional skin color.