ABSTRACT
@#Introduction: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is the most common cause of anaemia. The diagnosis of IDA, however, remains a challenge and is a problem worldwide. Serum iron study is commonly used for IDA diagnosis but there are some limitations. This study was conducted to evaluate reticulocyte-haemoglobin equivalent (Ret-He) as a screening tool for IDA diagnosis in adults. Method: This is a comparative case control study conducted in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan consisting of adult patients with iron deficiency anaemia and a healthy control group. Haematological parameters (Hb, RBC count, MCV, MCH, RDW) inclusive of Ret-He and serum iron parameters (serum iron, transferrin saturation and serum ferritin) were measured. Correlation between Ret-He with other haematological and serum iron parameters were analysed. Results: There were 103 IDA adult patients with majority of them being female (85.4%) with median age of 36 years old. Malay ethnicity (79.6%) contributed to the larger proportion of adult IDA patients. The Ret-He value for patient and control groups were 16.50 ± 4.90 pg and 34.80 ± 1.97 pg, respectively. Ret-He was 89.32% sensitive and 100% specific with 100% positive predictive value (PPV) and 73.11% negative predictive value (NPV) when compared to transferrin saturation. There was significant correlation between Hb, MCH, MCV, RDW and serum iron, transferrin saturation and serum ferritin parameters with Ret-He. Conclusion: Ret-He together with a complete blood count, may serve as an alternative to the serum iron parameters for screening of IDA in adults.
ABSTRACT
Abstract@#Introduction: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is the most common nutritional anaemia in the world that affects individuals in both developed and developing countries including Malaysia. The prevalence of IDA among schoolchildren is crucial to know as IDA may contribute to poor mental and school academic performance. Hence, the objective of the study was to diagnose the present prevalence of IDA and to analyse the association with probable risk factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from August 2017 to February 2018 among 261 school children, who aged between 8 to 10 years in Kudat, Sabah, were selected through simple random sampling. After getting informed consent from the parents or guardians of the participants self-administered validated questionnaire was used to gather information regarding socio-demographic data, knowledge, attitude and practice towards iron deficiency anaemia and Food Frequency Questionnaires. The blood sample was collected for confirmation of anaemia through serum haemoglobin (Hb) concentration and determination of iron status through serum ferritin, serum iron and serum TIBC and stool samples were collected for children identified with anaemia for soil-transmitted helminths analysis. Results: Out of 82 anaemic students, 36 were suffering from iron deficiency anaemia. The BMI status, the presence of soil-transmitted helminths and level of knowledge regarding IDA had highly significant (p<0.001) association with prevalence of IDA. Conclusion: By improving the household economy, education, sanitation, and personal hygiene status and promoting consistent nutritional education among the population may help to reduce the prevalence of IDA.
ABSTRACT
Background: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is the most common nutritional deficiency in pregnancy. Prophylactic oral iron is recommended during pregnancy to meet the increased requirement of iron. In India, more than 50% women become pregnant with low baseline haemoglobin level resulting in high incidence of moderate to severe anaemia in pregnancy where oral iron therapy cannot meet the requirement. This study was undertaken for critical evaluation of iron sucrose in terms of efficacy, safety, and feasibility along with any reduction in blood transfusion rate. Aims & Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of intravenous Iron sucrose in antenatal patients with Iron deficiency anaemia and to study the side effects of intra venous Iron sucrose. Material and Methods: This prospective study was conducted from Nov 2012 to June 2013 at VS General Hospital, Ahmedabad. 60 antenatal patients found to have anaemia having Hb level < 9 gm% were admitted and given intravenous iron sucrose therapy 100mg alternate day after calculating the dose of the iron requirement. Results: In patients having moderate anaemia (Hb 7-9 gm%), the rise in Hb found to be 2.17 ± 0.45 gm% from pre-treatment Hb of 7.88 ± 0.58 gm% to 9.9 ± 0.53 gm%. In patients with severe anaemia (Hb < 7 gm%), the rise in Hb was observed up to 2.73 ± 0.51 (SD) gm% after 1 month of iron sucrose treatment. No major side effects or anaphylactic reactions were noted during the study period. Conclusion: Parenterally administered iron sucrose elevates Hb and restores iron stores earlier and also that intravenous iron administration has led to the reduction in the rate of blood transfusion rate.