ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the expression levels of 8 - hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in patients with different glucose metabolism and its relationship with islet dysfunction.Methods Based on the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), the patients were divided into 3 groups: normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group (30 patients), isolated impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) group (28 patients), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) group (28 patients), and 30 healthy subjects were selected as the healthy control group (healthy control, HC) . The triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin resistance index, insulin and c-peptide area under the curve (AUC) were detected, and compared between groups, and the correlation between 8-OHdG and these indexes was analyzed. Results There was no difference in FBG values between NGT group and HC group, the indicators of patients in other groups were higher than HC group,the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05) . 8-OHdG was correlated with FBG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, C peptide AUC, insulin AUC, and the correlation coefficients were 0.704, 0.713, 0.665, 0.825 and 0.653, respectively, the differences were statistically significant. Conclusions 8-OHdG levels can reflect the status of islet dysfunction,and can be used as an indicator of islet function for diabetic patients.
ABSTRACT
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most serious public health problems,while the detailed mechanisms underlying its pathology remain obscure.MicroRNAs (miRNAs),which are single-stranded noncoding RNAs,are considered to be involved in various pathological processes,especially in T2DM.MiRNA has become a noval player in insulin resistance,islet dysfunction,and even in the diabetes related complications.
ABSTRACT
Several studies have demonstrated that the development of pancreatic islet α- and β-cell dysfunction is pivotal to the onset and progression of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ).Mealstimulated insulin secretion from β-cell is reduced and fails to meet the demands of the insulin-resistant state.In addition,glucagon production by α-cell,which normally maintains hepatic glucose production during fasting periods,is not suppressed.We all know that islet dysfunction is a critical target for T2DM treatment.lncretin-based therapies,including glucagon-like peptide-1 ( GLP-1 ) receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors,have been shown to be able to restore glucose sensitivity of islet cells and thus improve glycemic control.Nevertheless,their potential impact on islet function in humans remains uncertain and needs further more investigation.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the role of islet B cell dysfunction in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods FBG and fasting plasma insulin of 49 healthy subjects and 125 first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetes mellitus were determined. HOMA model was used to calculate HOMAIR as an index of insulin resistance and HOMAB as an index of B cell function of pancreatic islet.The insulin sensitivity index(ISI) and early-stage secretion index of islet ?cell(△I_ 30 /△G_ 30 )were calculated. Results The HOMAB and △I_ 30 /△G_ 30 of the group of normal first-degree relatives were higher (P