Advances in IDH mutation in glioma / 肿瘤

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) is a key enzyme in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, catalyzing the conversion of isocitric acid to α-ketoglutaric acid (α-KG), using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/ nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) as its cofactor to produce NADH/NADPH. It has been recognized that more than 75% of low grade gliomas (WHO grade II and III) and 90% of secondary glioblastoma multiforme carry IDH gene mutation, with R132H mutation being predominant. IDH mutation may modulate epigenetic characteristics, reprogram cell metabolism, and perturb redox homeostasis of gliomas. Targeted inhibition of mutant IDH in glioma can suppress tumor progression and give birth to the novel anticancer medicines.