ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo study the chemical constituents of the seeds of Sophora tonkinensis. MethodThe chemical constituents were isolated and purified by chromatography with MCI resin， silica gel， Sephadex LH-20， and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties， spectral data as well as relevant references. Meanwhile， the antibacterial activities against Helicobacter pylori of these compounds were screened by agar dilution method. ResultA total of 22 compounds were isolated from the methanol extract of the seeds of S. tonkinensis， and characterized as 4′，7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy isoflavone （1）， daidzein （2）， wighteone （3）， dalparvone （4）， 5，7-dihydroxy-4′-methoxyisoflavone （5）， prunetin （6）， formononetin （7）， genistein （8）， 5-methoxydaidzein （9）， ononin （10）， 7，4′-dihydroxyflavone （11）， liquiritigenin （12）， bayin （13）， 2，4-dihydroxybenzoate （14）， methyparaben （15）， 4-hydroxyacetophenone （16）， p-anisaldehyde （17）， methyl indole-3-carboxylate （18）， 4-［β-D-apiofuranoyl-（1→6）-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy］ phenylacetonitrile （19）， （-）-methyl dihydrophaseate （20）， methyl canavaliol ester （21）， vomifoliol 3′-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-（1→6）-β-D-glucopyranoside （22）. ConclusionCompounds 1， 5， 6， 9 and 16 are isolated from S. tonkinensis for the first time， compounds 4， 14， 17-22 are isolated from the genus of Sophora for the first time. In addition， compounds 10 and 13 display moderate antibacterial activities against H. pylori.
ABSTRACT
A method for determination of 9 isoflavones in Puerariae Lobatae Radix was established and the accuracy and feasibility of the method were verified. The relative correction factors of eight isoflavonoids,3'-hydroxy puerarin,puerarinapioside,3'-methoxy puerarin,puerarin 6″-O-xyloside,daidzin,genistin,formononetin and daidzein were determined by HPLC method with puerarin as the internal standard. The contents of 9 isoflavonoids in 11 batches of samples were determined by external standard method and QAMS.The accuracy and feasibility of the methods were evaluated by comparison of the quantitative results between external standard method and QAMS. The reproducibility of the relative correction factors was good under different experimental conditions,and there was no significant difference between the external standard method of the 9 compounds and the content of QAMS method. The results showed that using puerarin as an internal standard to simultaneously determine the 8 isoflavonoids mentioned above is accurate and feasible. Thus,it can be used as quality control of Puerariae Lobatae Radix.
Subject(s)
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Isoflavones , Plant Roots , Pueraria , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
This research aims to develop an UHPLC method, based on core-shell column(i.e. superficially porous particles), for simultaneous determination of eight isoflavonoids including formononetin,(6αR,11αR)-3-hydroxy-9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,(3R)-7,2-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethoxyisoflavone, calycosin, ononin,(6αR,11αR)-9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and(3R)-7,2-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethoxyisoflavan-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside in Astragali Radix. The analysis was performed on an Agilent Poroshell EC-C_(18 )column(2.1 mm×100 mm, 2.7 μm) with 0.2% formic acid solution(A)-acetonitrile(B) as mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.5 mL·min~(-1), with column temperature of 40 ℃ and the wavelengths were set at 260 and 280 nm. According to the results, all calibration curves showed good linearity(R~2>0.999 8) within the tested concentration ranges. Both the intra-and inter-day precisions for 8 isoflavonoids were less than 0.80%, with the mean recovery at the range of 94.71%-104.6%. Thus, the newly developed UHPLC method using core-shell column owned the advantages in terms of rapid analysis, low column pressure and less solvent consumption, thus enabling the usage of conventional HPLC systems. Meanwhile, quantitative evaluation was carried out for 22 batches of commercial Astragali Radix. It has been found that great variations occurred for the content of the individual isoflavonoids among different batches; in contrast, the total content of total 8 isoflavonoids(>0.1%) was stable in most samples, indicating that it was reasonable to involve all isoflavonoids as the chemical markers for the quality control of Astragali Radix.
Subject(s)
Astragalus Plant , Chemistry , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Reference Standards , Flavones , Phytochemicals , Plant Roots , Chemistry , Quality ControlABSTRACT
Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is a perennial plant widely used as a forage resource for several animals. This plant is the exclusive host of Hylastinus obscurus (Marsham) which causes irreparable damages to the root system affecting their persistence. It has been reported that the presence of the isoflavonoid formononetin in roots of red clover could act as an antifeedant on H. obscurus. There are not studies related to the formononetin content in red clover roots to the antifeedant effect elicited by experimental lines and cultivar of red clover. Six red clover genotypes were investigated in both formononetin content and their respective antifeedant action. The results showed to Sabtoron High and Superqueli-INIA with both the highest formononetin content in red clover roots and antifeedant effect, allowing to suggest that this secondary metabolites could be used as a chemical factor for red clover plants. Moreover, a rapid methodology for searching red clover genotypes with high formononetin content is reported.
El treÌbol rosado (Trifolium pratense L.) es una planta perenne ampliamente utilizada como fuente de forraje de variados animales. Esta planta es el exclusivo hospedero de Hylastinus obscurus (Marsham) el cual causa irreparables danÌos al sistema radical afectando seriamente su persistencia. Se ha reportado que la presencia del isoflavonoide formononetina en raiÌces del treÌbol rosado podriÌa actuar como antialimentario sobre H. obscurus. Actualmente no existen estudios que relacionen el contenido de formononetina en raiÌces de treÌbol rosado con el efecto antialimentario elicitado por liÌneas experimentales y cultivares de treÌbol rosado. Seis genotipos de esta leguminosa fueron evaluados en cuanto a su contenido de formononetina y actividad antialimentaria. Los resultados mostraron que los cultivares Sabtoron High y Superqueli-INIA presentaron altos niveles de formononetina en sus raiÌces y efecto antialimentario sobre H. obscurus, lo que permite sugerir que este metabolito secundario podriÌa ser usado como factor quiÌmico para incrementar la persistencia de plantas de treÌbol rosado. AdemaÌs, se informa una metodologiÌa raÌpida para la buÌsqueda de genotipos con altos contenidos de formononetina.
Subject(s)
Coleoptera/drug effects , Pest Control, Biological/methods , Trifolium , Feeding Behavior/drug effects , Isoflavones/pharmacology , Coleoptera/physiology , Crops, AgriculturalABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to characterize tinctures and microcapsules loaded with an ethanol extract of red propolis through chemical, physicochemical and microbiological assays in order to establish quality control tools for nutraceutical preparations of red propolis. The markers (isoflavonoids, chalcones, pterocarpans, flavones, phenolic acids, terpenes and guttiferones) present in the tinctures A and B were identified and confirmed using LC/ESI/FTMS/Orbitrap. Four compositions (A, B, C and D) were prepared to contain B tincture of the red propolis with some pharmaceutical excipients and submitted to two drying processes, i. e. spray-drying and freeze-drying to obtain microcapsules loaded with the red propolis extract. The tinctures and microcapsules of the red propolis were submitted to the total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity tests. The antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were tested using Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25293 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 strains. The tinctures and microcapsules presented high flavonoid quantities from 20.50 to 40.79 mg/100 mg of the microcapsules. The antioxidant activity and IC50 were determined for the tinctures A and B (IC50: 6.95 μg/mL and 7.48 μg/mL), the spray-dried microcapsules (IC50: 8.89–15.63 μg/mL) and the freeze-dried microcapsules (IC50: 11.83–23.36 μg/mL). The tinctures and microcapsules were proved to be bioactive against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria with inhibition halos superior to 10 mm at concentration of 200 μg/mL and MIC values of 135.87–271.74 μg/mL using gram-positive strain and 271.74–543.48 μg/mL using gram-negative strain. The tinctures and microcapsules of the red propolis have a potential application for nutraceutical products.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to characterize tinctures and microcapsules loaded with an ethanol extract of red propolis through chemical, physicochemical and microbiological assays in order to establish quality control tools for nutraceutical preparations of red propolis. The markers (isoflavonoids, chalcones, pterocarpans, flavones, phenolic acids, terpenes and guttiferones) present in the tinctures A and B were identified and confirmed using LC/ESI/FTMS/Orbitrap. Four compositions (A, B, C and D) were prepared to contain B tincture of the red propolis with some pharmaceutical excipients and submitted to two drying processes, i. e. spray-drying and freeze-drying to obtain microcapsules loaded with the red propolis extract. The tinctures and microcapsules of the red propolis were submitted to the total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity tests. The antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were tested using Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25293 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 strains. The tinctures and microcapsules presented high flavonoid quantities from 20.50 to 40.79 mg/100 mg of the microcapsules. The antioxidant activity and IC50 were determined for the tinctures A and B (IC50: 6.95 μg/mL and 7.48 μg/mL), the spray-dried microcapsules (IC50: 8.89–15.63 μg/mL) and the freeze-dried microcapsules (IC50: 11.83–23.36 μg/mL). The tinctures and microcapsules were proved to be bioactive against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria with inhibition halos superior to 10 mm at concentration of 200 μg/mL and MIC values of 135.87–271.74 μg/mL using gram-positive strain and 271.74–543.48 μg/mL using gram-negative strain. The tinctures and microcapsules of the red propolis have a potential application for nutraceutical products.
ABSTRACT
A new tetracyclic triterpenoid [4,4,24-trimethylcholesta-Δ(8,9;14,15;24,28)-trien-3β,11β,12α-triol-12-acetate, 3-sulfate] sodium salt (1), together with eight known compounds including ergosterol 5α,8α-endoperoxide (2), 1,9-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-2-methylpterocarpan (3), 3-O-β-D-2-acetyl-amino-2-deoxyglucopyranoxyloleanoic acid (4), hydnocarpin (5), derrone (6), isovitexin (7), erythrinin C (8), and 5,4'-dihydroxy-2''-hydroxyisopropyldihydrofurano [4,5:7,8]-isoflavone (9), were isolated from the EtOAc soluble fraction of the methanol extract of aerial part of Desmodium uncinatum collected in the western highland of Cameroon. The structures of these compounds were established by comprehensive interpretation of their spectral data mainly including 1D- (¹H and ¹³C), 2D-NMR (¹H-¹H COSY, HMQC, HMBC) spectroscopic and ESI-TOF-MS mass spectrometric analysis. The isolation of an integracide-like compound from plant origin is a very unusual finding.
Subject(s)
Cameroon , Ergosterol , Fabaceae , Methanol , Plants , SodiumABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the isoflavonoids from Dalbergia cochinchinensis. Methods: To isolate and purify the compounds by various column chromatographic methods. Spectral analysis was used to identify the structures. Results: Fourteen isoflavonoids were isolated and identified as sativanone (1), 7-hydroxy-2',4'-dimethoxyisoflavan (2), 4,7,2'-trihydroxy-4'- methoxyisoflavanol (3), 5,7-dihydroxy-2',3',4'-trimethoxyisoflavanone (4), formononetin (5), 2'-hydroxyformonetin (6), 2',5,7- trihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone (7), genistein (8), 3'-O-methylviolanone (9), 3-hydroxyvestitone (10), biochanin A (11), homoferreirin (12), medicarpin (13), and isodarparvinol B (14), respectively. Conclusion: Compounds 3, 4, and 12 are isolated from the plants of Dalbergia Linn. f. for the first time, and compounds 1-2, 6-11, and 13-14 are isolated from this plant for the first time.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the preparation technique and quality evaluation of dispersible tablets of isoflavonoids from Belamcanda chinensis. Methods: With the disintegrating time taken as index, the formula of isoflavonoid dispersible tablets was optimized by orthogonal experiment, and the influencing factors were observed. Three batches of samples were made using the optimized prescription, and the quality evaluation was done by examining the disintegration time, dissolution rate, and dispersing uniformity. Results: The optimized formula was A2B2C2. The contents of crospovidone(A), gelling starch(B) and gum arabic(C) were 12%, 14% and 3%, respectively. As crospovidone and gelling starch, the ratios before granulation to after pre-compress were all 2:1. The products formulated by the optimum techniques disintegrated in 30 s and dissolved in 45 min, which, together with the dispersing uniformity, met the quality criteria of dispersed tablets. Conclusion: The dispersible tablets prepared in this study have a good distribution homogeneity and a higher dissolution rate. The preparation is simple and suitable for industrial production.
ABSTRACT
La alimentación a base de soya, se ha relacionado con alteración de la función tiroidea, debido a la presencia de fitoestrógenos en su composición. Es por ello, que el presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la función tiroidea en lactantes menores de 6 meses alimentados con fórmula infantil a base de soya. Es un estudio descriptivo, transversal. Se evaluaron 28 lactantes que recibieron fórmula infantil de soya, como única alimentación. Variables utilizadas: edad, sexo, Graffar-Méndez Castellano, motivo de indicación de la fórmula, dilución, onzas diarias ingeridas, determinación de T3-libre y T4-libre y TSH sérico. Para el análisis estadístico se aplicó t de Student para un nivel de significación estadística de p<0,05. Los valores séricos de T3 y T4 libres se mantuvieron dentro de rangos normales. 7% de la muestra mostró valores elevados de TSH, no siendo estadísticamente significativo. No existió relación estadística entre el consumo de fórmula de soya y función tiroidea. Sin embargo, en la muestra estudiadados de los pacientes presentaron aumento de los niveles de TSH, por lo que no se puede descartar la posibilidad de una asociación dado lo limitado de la muestra.
Feeding with soy has been related to alteration of thyroid function. The objective of this study was to determine thyroid functionalism in babies under 6 months of age fed with infantile soy based formula. Descriptive, cross-sectional, non experimental study. Twenty eight babies who received exclusively infantile soy based formula were evaluated. Variables studied were: age, gender, socio-economical level, reason for the prescription of soy formula, dilution, daily ounces, determination of free T3, T4 and TSH. For the statistic analysis, Students t test was applied for a statistical significance level of p<0.05. Serum free T3 and T4 were within normal ranges. 7% of the sample showed elevated levels of TSH, with no statistic significance. there was no statistical relationship between consumption of soy formula and thyroid function. However, two patients had increased levels of TSH and therefore, the possibility of an association cannot be ruled out given the small size of the sample.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Phytoestrogens/administration & dosage , Lactose Intolerance/etiology , Plant Proteins, Dietary/administration & dosage , Thyrotropin/metabolism , Food, Formulated , Soy FoodsABSTRACT
Object To study the chemical constituents of Pueraria omeiensis Tang et Wang. Methods Isolation and purification were repeatedly carried out on silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC. The structures were identified and elucidated by physicochemical properties and spectral analysis. Results One compound was elucidated as sophoracoumestan A (Ⅰ) from the acetic ether section, and 15 compounds were obtained from the n-butanol section. They were ononin, (Ⅱ), daidzein 7,4′-diglucoside (Ⅲ), daidzein 7,4′-glucoside (Ⅳ), 3′-methoxy puerarin, PG-3 (Ⅴ), 3′- hydroxypuerarin, PG-1 (Ⅵ), mirificin (Ⅶ), 8-methyl retusin 7-O-glucoside (Ⅷ), daidzein (Ⅸ), daidzin (Ⅹ), genistin (Ⅺ), puerarin ( ⅩⅡ), octacosanoic ( ⅩⅢ), allantoin ( ⅩⅣ), glycerol 1-monopentacosanoate ( ⅩⅤ), daucosterol, ⅩⅥ), respectively. Conclusion Besides compounds Ⅸ- ⅩⅡ, ⅩⅥfrom the acetic ether section, the others are first obtained in P. omeiensis, and compounds Ⅰ, Ⅳ, Ⅷ are found in the plants of Puerarea DC. for the first time.