ABSTRACT
Introducción: Las enfermedades bacterianas representan una de las causas más importantes de morbilidad y mortalidad en los pacientes infectados con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). Ha este suceso se adicionan hoy las infecciones asociadas a los servicios sanitarios, escenario agravado por la aparición de bacterias con multirresistencia, las que impactan negativamente sobre la salud humana. Objetivo: Caracterizar las infecciones bacterianas en pacientes cubanos con el VIH, ingresados en el centro hospitalario del Instituto de Medicina Tropical Pedro Kourí, entre enero de 2014 y diciembre del 2017. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal con componente analítico cuyo universo estuvo constituido por 538 pacientes seropositivos en VIH-1 con diagnóstico de infección bacteriana documentada por aislamiento microbiológico. Resultados: Las infecciones bacterianas a nivel de vías respiratorias en pacientes con VIH y CD4 ≤ 200 cel/mm3 resultaron los eventos más frecuentes. Se demostró la mayor positividad en muestras de hemocultivo y esputos bacteriológicos 40,1 por ciento y 36,1 por ciento respectivamente. El 69,7por ciento de los aislamientos evidenciaron infección asociada a la asistencia sanitaria revelando asociación estadísticamente significativa con factores de riesgo seleccionados (estadías hospitalarias prolongadas y uso de dispositivos), además con la presencia de infección por bacterias gramnegativas y estafilococos coagulasa positivo. Conclusiones: Las infecciones bacterianas son frecuentes en pacientes VIH con inmunodepresión severa y su causa principal son las neumonías. Existe alta incidencia de infección asociada a la asistencia sanitaria, las que muestran asociación estadísticamente significativa con las estadías hospitalarias prolongadas y el uso de dispositivos, también revelan asociación con aislamientos de bacterias gramnegativas y estafilococos coagulasa positivo(AU)
Introduction: Bacterial diseases are one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). To this event are added nowadays infections associated with health services, a scenario aggravated by the emergence of bacteria with multi-resistance, which negatively impact human health. Objective: Characterize bacterial infections in Cuban HIV patients, admitted to the hospital center of Pedro Kourí Institute of Tropical Medicine between January 2014 and December 2017. Methods: A cross-sectional study with analytical component was conducted consisting of 538 HIV-1 positive patients diagnosed with bacterial infection detected by microbiological isolation. Results: Bacterial infections at the airway level in patients with HIV and CD4≤ 200cel/mm3 were the most common events. The highest positivity was demonstrated in samples of blood culture and bacteriological sputus with 40.1 percent and 36.1 percent, respectively. 69.7 percent of isolations showed healthcare-associated infection revealing statistically significant association with selected risk factors (prolonged hospital stays and devices use), as well as infection with gram-negative bacteria and coagulase-positive staph. Conclusions: Bacterial infections are common in HIV patients with severe immunosuppression and pneumonia is its main cause. There is a high incidence of healthcare-associated infection, which shows statistically significant association with prolonged hospital stays and devices use, also reveal association with isolations of gram-negative bacteria and coagulase-positive staph(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Bacterial Infections/mortality , Cross-Sectional Studies , HIVABSTRACT
Bacterial are well known for their ability to excrete enzymes into the environment. Bacillus sp. being industrially important organisms produces a wide variety of extra-cellular enzymes including proteases. Bacillus sp. isolated from local marine samples collected from Saudi Arabia for produced protease enzyme. The aim of this work was to evaluate protease production by different bacterial isolated from marine. Six bacterial isolates were screened for protease production. Two protease producing isolates, No.2 and No.3 were selected on the basis of gelatin hydrolyses. When the extracellular protease were examined using fermentation production medium, the date recorded the highest extracellular protease enzyme reached to (243 U/ml) by isolate No. 2. Finally the selected isolate was identify according to the morphological characteristics and named Bacillus sp No.2 EHN.
ABSTRACT
Comparative study was carried out on the production of protease using isolate from moraine. The isolates were screened on gelatin plates for gelatin hydrolyses by the different isolates. Among the all tested isolate No. 7 EHN produced the highest activity. while under the fermentation conditions after 3 days the maximum yield of protease was 277 U/ml. The protease production from marine isolate could be commercially used for applications purpose.
ABSTRACT
The immunogenic protection response to four P. multocida isolations obtained from clinical cases and a reference strain was studied. Isolations were proven as three different immunogens: complete antigen (Ag), washed Ag and culture supernatant. They were subcutaneously administered in SPF light White Leghorn hens. Immune response was evaluated using ELISA test and challenge test evaluated protection response. The ANOVA and Tukey test did not show statistical differences between groups. All isolations using different vaccines induced high protection levels ranging from 87 to 100%. This study indicates that immunization using these three immunogens induce an effective response against P. multocida challenge with the best protection when culture supernatant is used.
Se investigaron los niveles de anticuerpos y la capacidad protectora de cuatro diferentes aislados de P. multocida, obtenidos de casos clínicos y de una cepa de referencia. Los aislados se evaluaron como tres inmunógenos diferentes: antígeno completo (Ag), Ag lavado y el sobrenadante del cultivo. Se administraron en aves ligeras de la raza White Leghorn (SPF) por vía subcutánea. Los niveles de anticuerpos se determinaron mediante el ensayo de ELISA y la protección, desafiando las aves con los respectivos aislados utilizados para vacunación. ANDEVA y la prueba de Tukey no mostraron diferencias estadísticas entre grupos. Todos los aislados en los diferentes tipos de preparación de la vacuna indujeron altos niveles de protección, entre el 87% y 100%. Este estudio indica la efectividad de los diferentes aislados clínicos en la protección de las aves desafiadas.
ABSTRACT
En esta investigación fueron evaluados 286 pacientes con patología infecciosa del segmento anterior y mediante estudio microbiológico se identificaron las bacterias asociadas con la infección. En 286 cultivos bacteriológicos realizados se obtuvieron 177 aislamientos, encontrándose un 73.45 por ciento de flora gran positiva siendo las especies más frecuentes S. Epidermidis 48.46 por ciento, S. Aureus (35.38 por ciento), S.Pneumoniae (4.61 por ciento) y Corynebacterium SP. (2.31 por ciento). El 26.55 por ciento correspondía a bacilos gran negativos de los cuales el 74.47 por ciento son enterobacterias y el 25.53 por ciento microorganismos no fermentados. El mayor porcentaje de aislamientos fue realizado en pacientes con conjuntivitis bacteriana, blefaritis bacteriana, conjuntivitis inespecífica y blefaritis inespecífica.
286 patients with infectious pathology in previous segment were studied and through a microbiological study the bacteria associated with the infection were identified. From the 286 bacteriological samples, 177 were isolated, and from these 73.45 percent of Gram positive flora being the most frequent species S. epidermidis (48.46 percent), S. aureus (35.38 percent), S. pneumonia (4.61 percent)and Corynebacterium sp. (2.31 percent). The 26.55 percent corresponded to Gram negative bacilli of which the 74.47 percent are enterobacterias and the 25.53 percent were non fermented microorganisms. The highest percentages of isolations were conducted in patient with bacterial conjunctivitis, bacterial blepharitis, unspecific conjunctivitis and unspecific blepharitis.Key words: ocular infection, Gram positives and Gram negatives bacterial, bacteriological isolations, S. epidermidis, S. aureus, S. pneumonia, Corynebacterium sp.