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Objective: To investigate the outcome of patients with esophagogastric junction cancer undergoing thoracoscopic laparoscopy-assisted Ivor-Lewis resection. Methods: Eighty-four patients who were diagnosed with esophagogastric junction cancer and underwent Ivor-Lewis resection assisted by thoracoscopic laparoscopy at the National Cancer Center from October 2019 to April 2022 were collected. The neoadjuvant treatment mode, surgical safety and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. Results: Siewert type Ⅱ (92.8%) and adenocarcinoma (95.2%) were predominant in the cases. A total of 2 774 lymph nodes were dissected in 84 patients. The average number was 33 per case, and the median was 31. Lymph node metastasis was found in 45 patients, and the lymph node metastasis rate was 53.6% (45/84). The total number of lymph node metastasis was 294, and the degree of lymph node metastasis was 10.6%(294/2 774). Among them, abdominal lymph nodes (100%, 45/45) were more likely to metastasize than thoracic lymph nodes (13.3%, 6/45). Sixty-eight patients received neoadjuvant therapy before surgery, and nine patients achieved pathological complete remission (pCR) (13.2%, 9/68). Eighty-three patients had negative surgical margins and underwent R0 resection (98.8%, 83/84). One patient, the intraoperative frozen pathology suggested resection margin was negative, while vascular tumor thrombus was seen on the postoperative pathological margin, R1 resection was performed (1.2%, 1/84). The average operation time of the 84 patients was 234.5 (199.3, 275.0) minutes, and the intraoperative blood loss was 90 (80, 100) ml. One case of intraoperative blood transfusion, one case of postoperative transfer to ICU ward, two cases of postoperative anastomotic leakage, one case of pleural effusion requiring catheter drainage, one case of small intestinal hernia with 12mm poke hole, no postoperative intestinal obstruction, chyle leakage and other complications were observed. The number of deaths within 30 days after surgery was 0. Number of lymph nodes dissection, operation duration, and intraoperative blood loss were not related to whether neoadjuvant therapy was performed (P>0.05). Preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy or immunotherapy was not related to whether postoperative pathology achieved pCR (P>0.05). Conclusion: Laparoscopic-assisted Ivor-Lewis surgery for esophagogastric junction cancer has a low incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications, high safety, wide range of lymph node dissection, and sufficient margin length, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
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Humans , Blood Loss, Surgical , Lymphatic Metastasis/pathology , Esophagectomy , Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Lymph Node Excision , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Laparoscopy , Esophagogastric Junction/pathologyABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the safety and feasibility of Ivor-Lewis procedure under uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopy(VATS) for esophageal cancer and Siewert type I esophago-gastric junction carcinoma.Methods:The patients with middle-lower segment esophageal cancer or Siewert type I esophago-gastric junction carcinoma received minimally invasive esophagectomy between October 2020 and June 2021, and the clinical data was collected and analyzed.Results:26 patients received Ivor-Lewis procedure underwent uniportal VATS, while 45 patients underwent McKeown surgery under multiport VATS. The average operation time of patients in the two groups were(265±110)min and (235±94)min, and the average intraoperative blood loss were(80±57)ml and(105±60)ml. The mean number of lymph nodes removed in the surgery were (19.3±2.9) and 18.6±2.7 respectively in two groups, and the mean length of hospital stay was(7.5±3.5)days and(8.3±2.7)days. The incidence of perioperative complications were not significantly different in two groups. The VAS score of patients received Ivor-Lewis procedure underwent uniportal VATS was lower than that of patients received McKeown surgery in ostoperative day 1, day 3, day 7 and 1 month. The difference was statistically significant in two groups( P<0.05). Conclusion:The Ivor-Lewis procedure under uniportal VATS for esophageal cancer and Siewert type I esophago-gastric junction carcinoma has the advantage of less postoperative pain, and the procedure is feasible in clinical practice.
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Objective: To compare and analyze the perioperative clinical effects of minimally invasive Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy (MIE-Ivor-Lewis) and minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy (MIE-McKeown). Methods: A total of 147 patients who underwent endoscopic esophageal cancer surgery from April 2018 to August 2019 were selected, including 85 patients undergoing MIE-McKeown surgery and 62 patients undergoing MIE-Ivor-Lewis surgery. The measurement data were expressed as (x±s), the comparison of normally distributed measurement data was performed by independent sample t-test, and the comparison of count data was performed by χ(2) test or Fisher's exact test. Results: The operation time of McKeown (M) group and Ivor-Lewis (IL) group were (219.2±72.4) minutes and (225.8±65.3) minutes. The mediastinal lymph node dissection number of M and IL groups were 13.3±4.8 and 11.6±6.5, respectively. The number of left recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node dissection were 3.5±1.2 and 3.1±1.4, respectively. The intraoperative blood loss were (178.3±41.3) ml and (163.2±64.1) ml, respectively. The number of patients reoperated for postoperative bleeding were 1 and 0, respectively. The number of patients with postoperative gastric bleeding were 0 and 1, respectively. The postoperative chest tube retention time were (2.8±1.3) days and (3.1±1.2) days, respectively. The number of patients with anastomotic leakage were 7 and 1, respectively. The number of patients with lung infection were 13 and 5, respectively, and with chylothorax were 2 and 1, respectively, without statistically significant difference (P>0.05). The number of patients with hoarseness were 11 and 3, respectively. The total incidence of complication were 41.2% (35/85) and 17.7% (11/62), and the postoperative hospital stay were (14.7±6.5) days and (12.3±2.3) days, with statistical difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: MIE-Ivor-Lewis and MIE-McKeown are safe and effective in treating esophageal cancer, but the complication of MIE-Ivor-Lewis is less than that of MIE-Mckeown, and the perioperative clinical effect of MIE-Ivor-Lewis is better than that of MIE-McKeown.
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Humans , Anastomotic Leak/etiology , Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery , Esophagectomy/adverse effects , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
@#Objective To investigate the effect of jejunostomy combined with Ivor-Lewis or McKeown operation on the treatment of middle and lower esophageal cancer. Methods The clinical data of 127 patients with middle and lower esophageal cancer admitted to our hospital from June 2018 to October 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, including 89 males and 38 females, aged 62.82±8.65 years. The patients were divided into an Ivor-Lewis group (IL group, 72 patients) and a McKeown group (MK group, 55 patients) according to surgical methods. Patients in the IL group received jejunostomy combined with Ivor-Lewis operation, and patients in the MK group received jejunostomy combined with McKeown operation. The operation time, postoperative bedside electrical impedance tomography (EIT) parameters, postoperative inflammatory factor levels, postoperative complications and rehabilitation of the two groups were compared. Results The operation time (262.65±49.78 min vs. 303.04±60.13 min), postoperative eating time (10.54±2.22 d vs. 11.47±2.49 d) and postoperative hospital stay (14.78±2.47 d vs.15.72±2.36 d) in the IL group were significantly shorter than those in the MK group (P<0.05). The blood loss (156.13±52.43 mL vs. 158.87±48.47 mL) and the number of lymph node dissection (29.47±8.88 vs. 30.17±9.80) in the IL group were less than those in the MK group, but the differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The repeated measurement analysis of variance showed that the time point could significantly affect tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-8 levels (Ftime point=520.543, 272.379, 147.688, all P<0.05), but the surgical methods and the interactive effect of time point and surgical methods did not affect the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 (P>0.05). Postoperative bedside EIT image parameters were statistically different on the postoperative 1 d, 3 d, 5 d and 7 d between the two groups (P<0.05). Compared with the MK group, the incidences of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, arrhythmia, pulmonary infection and atelectasis, anastomotic leakage, gastric wall necrosis and stump fistula, secondary thoracotomy and abdominal hemostasis, and intestinal obstruction were lower, but the differences were not statistically different (P>0.05). The recurrence rate of patients in the IL group within 6 months was lower than that in the MK group, but the difference was not statistically significant (8.33% vs. 9.09%, P>0.05). Conclusion Jejunostomy combined with Ivor-Lewis or McKeown surgery have equivalent effects on patients with middle and lower esophageal cancer.
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@#Surgery is an important method in the treatment of esophageal cancer. With the application of robotic surgery system, more and more surgeons have observed its huge advantages over the conventional minimally invasive surgical system in the esophageal surgery. To ensure the safety and fluency of the robotic surgery, it needs not only an experienced attending surgeon but also a well-trained assistant. This study summaries the skills of the surgical assistant in the robotic esophagectomy.
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@#At present, the application of the robot assisted surgery system in the surgical treatment of esophageal cancer is gradually emerging, and it is more and more widely used and recognized in the field of surgery. According to the domestic and foreign literatures, the robot has many advantages, and robotic assisted esophageal cancer surgery has been proved to be safe and effective, and its short-term efficacy is significantly better than thoracotomy. Other studies have shown that in long-term follow-up, the effect is comparable to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. In this paper, the author are systematically reviewed the development history of the robot assisted surgery system, the effect of robotic assisted esophagectomy on safety, surgical method, short-term efficacy and long-term prognosis. The traditional open surgery and thoracoscopic laparoscopic esophagectomy has been carried on the detailed comparison to provide some advice and theoretical basis for esophageal cancer surgery robot system.
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@#Objective To compare the short-term efficacy of Ivor-Lewis via hand-sewn purse-string approach and purse-string forceps approach in minimally invasive esophagectomy for middle and lower esophageal cancer, and to discuss the safety and feasibility of hand-sewn purse-string anastomosis technique for minimally invasive Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy (MIILE). Methods The clinical data of 151 patients undergoing thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophageal cancer surgery from January 2014 to January 2017 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. According to the different methods of purse string making, the patients were divided into a purse-string forceps group including 49 males and 16 females with a mean age of 67.98±7.07 years ranging from 51 to 80 years treated with forceps to make purse-string and a handcraft group including 61 males and 25 females with a mean age of 67.76±8.18 years ranging from 52 to 83 years using hand-sewn way. The perioperative data of two two groups were compared. Results The purse-string making time and postoperative total volume of chest drainage were less in the handcraft group than those in the purse-string forceps group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in hemorrhage during operation, the operation duration or postoperative hospital stay (P>0.05). There was also no statistical difference between the two groups in the rate of anastomotic or gastric tube fistula, anastomotic stenosis, pulmonary infection or incision infection (P>0.05). Conclusion In minimally invasive esophagectomy for middle-lower section, MIILE by hand-sewn purse-string is as safe as purse-string forceps, with no more complications, needing no professional equipments, and easy to learn, master and promote.
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@#Objective To evaluate the effects of robot-assisted Ivor Lewis esophagectomy (RAILE) in surgical treatment of esophageal cancer. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 70 patients diagnosed with mid-lower esophageal cancer undergoing RAILE in the Department of Thoracic Surgery in Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University between May 2015 and April 2018. There were 54 males and 16 females at average age of 62.0±7.6 years. Forty patients underwent circular end-to-end stapled intrathoracic anastomosis and 30 had a doublelayered, completely hand-sewn intrathoracic anastomosis. Results The mean operating time was 308.7±60.6 minutes. And blood loss was 190.0±95.1 ml. There were 2 patients who underwent conversion to thoracotomy. There was no inhospital and 30-day mortality. Overall complications were observed in 24 patients (34.3%), of whom 6 patients (8.6%) had anastomotic leakage. The median length of hospitalization was 9.0 (interquartile range, IQR, 5.0) days. The mean tumor size was 3.2±1.5 cm, and R0 resection was achieved in all patients. The mean number of totally dissected lymph nodes was 19.3±8.7. Conclusion RAILE is safe and technically feasible with satisfactory perioperative outcomes.
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Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy has been widely accepted as one of the important surgery for esophageal cancer.With the development of minimally invasive technology and demand of the time,endoscopy-assisted Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy has been used by more and more surgeons,however,it has a higher technical difficulty and a lower operating speed.This article has summarized the current status of endoscopy-assisted Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy,and analyzed the characteristics and existent problems of anastomosis methods.
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Objective To investigate the feasibility and clinical effect of laparoscopic and thoracoscopic Ivor Lewis esophagectomy without an abdominal small incision.Methods Compared 80 cases underwent laparoscopic and thoracoscopic Ivor Lewis esophagectomy without an abdominal small incision with 68 patients receivesd laparoscopic and thoracoscopic Ivor Lewis esophagectomy with an abdominal small incision.The peri operative conditions and complications of the two groups were analyzed.Results There were no significant difference in the operation time [(263.3 ± 71.5) min vs (273.3 ± 73.7) min,t =-0.750,P =0.454],intraoperative blood loss [(246.9 ± 150.4) ml vs (252.9 ± 159.7) ml,t =-0.238,P =0.812],the number of lymph node dissection [(19.2 ±4.3) vs (19 ±4.5),t =0.272,P =0.786],gastrointestinal decompression time [(11 ± 3.4) d vs (11.9±3.3) d,t=-1.647,P=0.102],chest tube indwelling time [(6.6±2.7) d vs (6.3±2.6) d,t=0.544,P=0.587],postoperative hospitalization time [(13.2 ±3.4) d vs (14 ±3.4) d,t=-1.493,P=0.138] and rate of early gastric emptying dysfunction [6.25％ (5/80) vs 4.41％ (3/68),x2 =0.016,P =0.898].Comparing to patients in the small incision group,the visual analogue scale evaluation score of postoperative pain was lower in the groups without small incision (P ＜ 0.05).There were no anastomotic fistula,thoracic gastric fistula,upper gastrointestinal bleeding and death during perioperative periods.Conclusion It is safe and feasible to treat middle and lower esophageal carcinoma with laparoscopic and thoracoscopic Ivor Lewis esophagectomy without an abdominal small incision,which can further reduce abdominal trauma,relieve postoperative pain and make the abdominal incision more beautiful.
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Objective:To summarize the outcomes of 74 patients with minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy (MIE-McKeown),and to discuss the short-term outcomes by comparing with IvorLewis esophagectomy (ILE) procedure.Methods:A total of 74 patients with esophageal carcinoma underwent MIE-McKeown in Xiangya Hospital from November 2014 to July 2016 were retrospectively reviewed,and 85 patients underwent ILE procedure were selected as a control group.Perioperative and short-term outcomes were analyzed.Results:Compared with the ILE group,patients underwent MIE-McKeown had less blood loss,less pulmonary infection,longer resection length and more harvested lymph nodes (P＜0.05),but they had more anastomotic leakage and stricture rate,longer operation time and hospital stay as well (P＜0.05).The total rate of lymph node metastatic in all patients was 52.8％,and the rate of cervical lymph node metastases was 9.5％ in the MIE-McKeown group.Multiple carcinomas were found in 16 cases,and 7 were proximally located.The distance from the distal margin of the second lesion to the center of the main lesion was 20-85 (50.7±23.0) mm,while the distance in 9 second carcinomas distally located was 30-90 (57.8±20.5) mm.Conclusion:Compared with Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy procedure,MIE-McKeown procedure has a more complete lesion dissection and more harvested lymph nodes with smaller incisions,better short-term outcomes and more safety.It is an appropriate procedure for esophagectomy.However,it should be optimized for its high rate of anastomotic leakage and stricture.
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Objective To explore the outcomes and prognostic effects of Ivor Lewis esophagectomy and evalue the N staging.Methods Participants comprised 1145 patients with ESCC from Jan.2004 to Dec.2013,who under-went Ivor Lewis esophagectomy.The clinicopathologic data were analyzed.Kaplan -Meier and Cox regression methods were used for survival analysis.Results The morbidity of postoperative complication was 9.15% and with 1.83% of motality.The 1 -,3 - and 5 -year survival rates were 84.2%,58.4%,47.9% respectively.The median survival time was 55 months and average survival time was (70.16 ±2.086)months.Cox model multivariate analysis was used for those of P <0.05 in single variate analysis.Univariate analysis revealed that gender(P =0.003),smoking history (P =0.013),alcohol history(P =0.017),tumor location(P =0.001),body mass index(P =0.008),tumor length (P =0.000),differentiation degree(P =0.000),numbers of metastic zones(P =0.000)of lymph node metastasis (P =0.000),depth of invasion (P =0.000),pathological staging(P =0.000),vascular tumor thrombus (P =0.000),nerve involvement(P =0.000)and postoperative adjuvant therapy(P =0.000)were influencing prognosis factors.And multivariate analysis revealed that differentiation degree(P =0.000),depth of invasion(P =0.000), numbers of metastic zones (P =0.013 )of lymph node metastasis (P =0.000)were independent risk factors. Conclusion Ivor Lewis esophagectomy was a safe and effective treatment,and tumor differentiation degree,depth of invasion,numbers and zones of lymph node metastasis were important prognostic factors.
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Objective To investigate the tumor diameter on the prognosis of patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) after Ivor-Lewis surgical resection.Methods The clinical data of 254 patients with advanced ESCC who received Ivor-Lewis surgical resection at the Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from January 2005 to December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed.All the patients were followed up via outpatient examination,telephone interview and correspondence till December 2013.Survival curve was drawn by the Kaplan-Meier method,and survival rate was analyzed using the Log-rank test.Receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the appropriate cutoff value of tumor size.Univariate and multivariate analysis were done using the chi-square test and COX regression model.Results Of 254 patients,223 patients were followed up for a median time of 30 months (range,3-108 months) with a follow-up rate of 87.80％ (223/254).The median total survival time was 27 months,and the 1,3,5-year overall survival rates were 72.7％,42.2％ and 31.3％,respectively.ROC analysis showed that the appropriate cutoff value of tumor diameter was 3.5 cm.The median survival time and 5-year survival rate were 36 months and 39.3％ in patients with tumor diameter ≤ 3.5 cm and 18 months and 25.4％ in patients with tumor diameter ＞ 3.5 cm,respectively,with a significant difference (x2 =9.494,P ＜ 0.05).The results of univariate analysis showed that the age,tumor diameter,depth of tumor invasion,lymph node metastasis and postoperative adjuvant therapy were related factors affecting the prognosis of patients with advanced ESCC after Ivor-Lewis surgical resection (x2=4.459,9.494,6.993,10.382,5.507,P ＜ 0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that tumor diameter ＞ 3.5 cm,lymph node metastasis and no postoperative adjuvant therapy were the independent factors affecting the prognosis of patients with advanced ESCC after Ivor-Lewis surgical resection (HR =1.631,1.681,0.677,95％ confidence interval:1.151-2.312,1.198-2.358,0.487-0.942,P ＜ 0.05).Of 159 patients without postoperative lymph node metastasis,median survival time and 5-year accumulated survival rate were 49 months and 46.4％ in patients with tumor diameter ≤ 3.5 cm and 23 months and 32.0％ in patients with tumor diameter ＞ 3.5 cm,respectively,with a significant difference (x2 =6.412,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The tumor diameter ＞ 3.5 cm,lymph node metastasis and no postoperative adjuvant therapy are the independent factors affecting the prognosis of patients with advanced ESCC after Ivor-Lewis surgical resection,meanwhile there is an assessed value of tumor diameter on the prognosis of patients without lymph node metastasis.
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A técnica de Ivor Lewis modificada, utilizada para a ressecção do câncer de esôfago, consiste na combinação de toracotomia direita e laparotomia, seguida de anastomose esofagogástrica intratorácica. Apesar de ser o tratamento de eleição em muitos serviços, não há critérios rigorosos para sua indicação. Neste relato de caso o paciente apresenta antecedente de carcinoma espinocelular invadindo pele e mandíbula tratado com radioterapia e cirurgia. Durante o seguimento se diagnosticou neoplasia esofágica, que foi tratada por cirurgia de Ivor Lewis modificada, seguida de complicações leves e boa evolução. A técnica de Ivor Lewis modificada é uma opção adequada para o tratamento da neoplasia esofágica, sendo sua melhor indicação nos casos em que há radioterapia cervical prévia, já que esta torna a cervicotomia um procedimento de alto risco para lesões vasculares e/ou de vias aéreas. Entretanto, a decisão da técnica a ser utilizada para a ressecção do câncer de esôfago ficará a cargo do cirurgião.
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Introducción: el cáncer de esófago es una de las neoplasias más agresivas del tracto digestivo. La cirugía es el método fundamental de tratamiento, con una alta frecuencia de complicaciones. Objetivo: caracterizar el cáncer de esófago en pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y con carácter prospectivo, en el Hospital "Dr. Carlos J. Finlay", entre enero de 2002 y diciembre de 2012. Universo de 62 pacientes. Se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de esófago sometidos a resección. Las variables cualitativas se describieron estadísticamente mediante cifras frecuenciales y porcentuales. Resultados: el 82.3% perteneció al sexo masculino. El tercio inferior del esófago fue el más afectado en 42.2%. La variedad histológica que predominó fue el adenocarcioma en 59.7%. La mayoría de los pacientes se diagnosticaron en estadio IIb (41.9 %). La técnica quirúrgica más empleada fue la de Ivor Lewis (58.1%) y la sutura que más se realizó fue la mecánica. La estenosis de la anastomosis fue la complicación más frecuente en 12.9% y apareció solo cuando se realizó la sutura manual de la anastomosis. El tipo de sutura más utilizada fue la manual en 17.4%. La sobrevida postoperatoria fue de 17.7% a los 5 años. Conclusiones: predominaron los pacientes mayores de 60 años y pertenecientes al sexo masculino. La localización más frecuente fue en tercio inferior, con predominio del adenocarcinoma. La mayoría fueron diagnosticados en estadio IIb. La estenosis posquirúrgica fue la complicación más frecuente. La sobrevida postoperatoria fue aceptable.
Introduction: the esophagus cancer is one of the most aggressive neoplasias in the digestive tract. The surgery is the fundamental method of treatment, with a high frequency of complications. Objective: to characterize the esophagus cancer in patients intervened surgically. Method: it was done a descriptive, longitudinal study and of prospective character, in the "Dr. Carlos J. Finlay", between January of 2002 and December of 2012. The universe of the study was 62 patients. It was included patients with resection of esophagus cancer and in which the author of this paper participated on the operation. The qualitative variables were described statistically by means of frequencies and percentages. Results: 82.3% belonged to the masculine sex. The inferior third of the esophagus was the more affected in 42.2%. The histological variety that prevailed was the adenocarcioma in 59.7%. Most of the patients were diagnosed in IIb stage (41.9%). The surgical technique more carried out was Ivor Lewis (58.1%) and the type of suture was the mechanical. The stenosis of the anastomosis was the most frequent complication in 12.9% and it was appear only in cases with manual suture of the anastomosis. The type suture more used was the manual in the 17. 4%. The postoperative overlife was 17.7% at five years. Conclusions: most of patients were older than 60 years and men. The most frequent localization was in inferior third, with prevalence of the adenocarcinoma. Most was diagnosed in IIB stage. The postsurgical stenosis was the most frequent complication. The postoperative overlife was acceptable.
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Objective In order to improve the surgical treatment for midpiece esophageal carcinoma, different surgical ways were com-pared. Methods From January 2010 to June 2012, 110 patients with midpiece esophageal cancer in our hospital were divided into the Ivor-Lewis group (55 cases) and the Sweet group (55 cases) according to different surgical ways, that is to say Ivor-Lewis surgery via right chest and Sweet surgery through left chest. Length of specimens, rang of tumor invasion, distance of removal, incidence of residual carcinoma in the esophageal edges, number of lymph nodes removed in chest and abdomen, and positive rate of carcinoma infiltrated lymph nodes were compared between the two groups. Questions of surgical anatomy were investigated through questionnaire among surgeons of the two groups, and the scores of both groups were analysed. Results The length of resected specimens and number of lymph nodes removed in Ivor-Lewis group was significantly lager than that of the Sweet group (P<0. 01). The positive rate of carcinoma infiltrated lymph nodes in Ivor-Lewis group was 1. 82%, which was significantly lower than 21. 82% in the Sweet group (P<0. 01). Results of questionnaire showed surgeons have gieven higher scores to Ivor-Lewis group. Conclusion Ivor-Lewis surgery is recommend for upper and midpiece esophageal carcinoma while Sweet surgery is more suitable for cardial and lower esophageal cancer.
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Objectives:To improve the surgical procedures and investigate the feasibility of the closed placement of nasojejunal tube during Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy. Methods:From January 2010 to December 2013, 85 patients (72 males and 13 females) with esophageal or gastric cardiac carcinoma underwent Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy in our department. Briefly, the general surgical proce-dures were performed as follows:1) stomach mobilization and enlargement of esophageal hiatus and pyloric sphincter digital fracture via laparotomy; 2) tubular stomach reconstruction, esophageal carcinoma resection, and intra-thoracic esophagogatrostomy via right posterolateral thoracotomy;and 3) forward closed placement of feeding tube through the nostrils and jejunum of patients under the guid-ance of a surgeon, who palpates the pylorus through the hiatus with the use of fingers. Results:No operative death or feeding tube-asso-ciated adverse event was observed. Among the 85 patients who have undergone Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy, feeding tube placement in-to the jejunum during surgery failed in 33 cases. The success rate of nasojejunal feeding tube placement was 61.2%(52/85). Twelve pa-tients with successful tube placement did not receive enteral feeding for several reasons and were thereby transferred to parenteral group. Significant differences were observed in terms of the nutritional cost and proportion between enteral feeding and parenteral groups (?1,469 ± 741 vs.?3,223 ± 917, P0.05). Conclusion:The novel forward closed placement of nasojejunal feeding tube dur-ing Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy provides a non-invasive, feasible, simple, and economical method for postoperative nutritional support. Surgeons could perform this novel technique successfully in practice.
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Objective The difficulty of full thoracoscopic Ivor-Lewis is the lack of a safe and low cost anastomosis.By improving the surgical process,to explore the application of circular stapler in the intrathoracic esophagogastric anastomosis.The thoracoscopic operation mode of esophageal cancer changes from simply following the McKoewn procedure to Ivor-Lewis and McKoewn procedure.Methods Retrospective analysis 123 cases of implementation thoracoscopic esophageal cancer from July 2009 to February 2013,which including the cases of intrathoracic anastomosis and cervical anastomosis.Divided it into two groups:intrathoracic anastomosis groups,which including thoracoscopic esophagectomy resection,gastroesophageal anastomosis and anastomotic pedicled omentum embedding,the cervical anastomosis groups,which including thoracoscopic esophageal free and gastroesophageal neck anastomosis.To comparing the incidence of ARDS,postoperative hoarseness,anastomotic complications (Anastomotic leakage and anastomotic strictures within two months after surgery),guardianship time of ICU and postoperative hospital stay between the two groups.Results All the patients were no deaths.The cervical anastomosis group operative time was significantly lower than the intrathoracic anastomosis group.The incidence of anastomotic fistula and anastomotic stricture of intrathoracic anastomosis group was significantly lower than that of the cervical anastomosis group,total hospitalization time of the intrathoracic anastomosis group were significantly lower than that of the cervical anastomosis group,there is no significant differences in postoperative hoarseness and ARDS incidence between the two groups.Conclusion For the lower esophageal carcinoma,it is technically mature and safe to apply the circular stapler for Ivor-Lewis surgery and sleeve omentumembedding anastomotic technique in full thoracoscopic,and the technology should be widely applied; for the upper esophagealcarcinoma,McKoewn procedure should be applied.
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Las lesiones tumorales del esófago tienen un creciente impacto sobre la población cubana, pero su tratamiento quirúrgico es riesgoso, en particular por los fallos anastomóticos. Objetivo: proponer una modificación a la esófago-gastrectomía de Ivor Lewis mediante una anastomosis látero-lateral con engrapadora. Métodos: se realizaron 19 esófago-gastrectomías de Ivor Lewis con la modificación propuesta de la técnica anastomótica entre enero de 2004 y diciembre de 2010. Resultados: de los pacientes operados, dos presentaron tumores en tercio medio, once en tercio distal, y seis en la unión esófago-gástrica o estómago alto invadiendo el esófago distal. No ocurrieron muertes quirúrgicas. Las complicaciones mayores fueron: tromboembolismo pulmonar de ramas finas, fibrilación auricular, neumonía, atelectasia . En ningún caso ocurrió dehiscencia o estenosis de la anastomosis. La estadía hospitalaria promedio fue de 11 días (mínimo 8, máximo 17). Conclusiones: la anastomosis esófago-gástrica látero-lateral por engrapadora lineal permite reducir la incidencia de dehiscencia y estenosis, lo que evita complicaciones en la intervención quirúrgica esofágica...
"Esophageal tumoral lesions have a growing impact on the Cuban population. However, their surgical treatment is risky, particularly due to the occurrence of anastomotic failures. Objective: propose a modification of Ivor Lewis esophagogastrectomy by means of a side-to-side anastomosis with stapler. Methods: nineteen Ivor Lewis esophagogastrectomies were performed with the proposed modification of the anastomotic technique between January 2004 and December 2010. Results: of the patients operated on, two had tumors in the middle third, eleven in the distal third, and six in the esophagogastric junction or the upper stomach invading the distal esophagus. No surgical deaths occurred. The following were major complications: pulmonary thromboembolism of fine branch, atrial fibrillation, pneumonia and atelectasis. No case presented anastomotic dehiscence or stenosis. Average hospital stay was 11 days (minimum 8, maximum 17). Conclusions: side-to-side esophagogastric anastomosis with linear stapler reduces the incidence of dehiscence and stenosis, preventing the occurrence of complications in esophageal surgery...
ABSTRACT
Objetivos: describir los resultados históricos obtenidos por un mismo grupo de trabajo en el tratamiento multidisciplinario del carcinoma esofágico, destacando el tratamiento quirúrgico y sus complicaciones. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo del tipo de serie de casos durante el periodo 1987-2010, que incluyó los pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente por esta enfermedad. Fueron investigadas aquellas variables consideradas de interés, como la localización de la lesión, su estadio, el tratamiento quirúrgico empleado, las complicaciones y la supervivencia. Resultados: durante el período estudiado fueron tratados 132 pacientes, de ellos el 64,4 por ciento eran hombres y el 59 por ciento se incluían en el grupo de edad de 60-69 años. El carcinoma epidermoide fue más frecuente que el adenocarcinoma (54,5 vs. 41 por ciento), y la principal localización fue el tercio medio (42,4 por ciento). La morbilidad fue de un 28,8 por ciento, y las principales complicaciones posoperatorias fueron las infecciones respiratorias y el tromboembolismo pulmonar. La mortalidad operatoria fue de un 12,9 por ciento, y la supervivencia a los 5 años de un 2 por ciento. Conclusiones: el tratamiento multidisciplinario constituye uno de los principales logros en el tratamiento de esta enfermedad. Sin embargo, aun cuando se han obtenido resultados superiores relacionados con la morbilidad y mortalidad quirúrgica respecto a décadas atrás, la supervivencia, a largo plazo, sigue siendo decepcionante. No obstante, la cirugía sigue siendo el único tratamiento con intención curativa. Queda por nosotros mejorarla y perfeccionarla(AU)
Objectives: to describe the historical results achieved by a working team in the multidisciplinary treatment of esophageal carcinoma by underlining the surgical treatment and its complications. Methods: a case series-type descriptive and observational study was carried out in the 1987-2010 period, in which the patients operated on from this disease were included. Some variables of interest such as location of lesion, staging, type of surgery, complications and survival rate were researched on. Results: one hundred and thirty two patients were treated, 64.4 percent were males and 59 percent were in the 60-69 y group. The epidermoid carcinoma was more common than the adenocarcinoma (54.5 vs. 41 percent) and the main location of carcinoma was the middle third (42.4 percent). Morbidity was 28.8 percent and the main postoperative complications were respiratory infection and pulmonary thromboembolism. The operative mortality was 12.9 percent and the survival rate at 5 years was 2 percent. Conclusions: the multidisciplinary treatment is one of the fundamental achievements in treating this disease. However, even when higher results has been attained with respect to surgical morbidity and mortality rates of previous decades, the long-term survival rate is still discouraging. Nevertheless, surgery continues to be the only treatment with curing intentions. It is up to us to upgrade it(AU)