Relation of perceived social support, job insecurity and psychological distress among clinical nurses / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To examine the potential mediating effect of perceived social support on job insecurity and psychological distress among clinical nurses.@*Methods@#A total of 462 clinical nurses in Shandong Province were selected by convenience sampling method. They were assessed with job insecurity scale, perceived social support and 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) for the evaluation of job insecurity, self-esteem and psychological distress.@*Results@#The mean score of K10 was (23.72±7.22) points among clinical nurses, and 85.9% (397/462) of them had psychological distress problems. The K10 scores were positively correlated with the scores of job insecurity (r=-0.282, P<0.01), and the K10 scores were negatively correlated with perceived social support scores (r = -0.282, P<0.01). Job insecurity was negatively correlated with perceived social support (r = -0.365, P<0.01). The confidence interval from Bootstrap method indicated perceived social support played a partial mediating role between job insecurity and psychological distress, and the value of mediating effect was 13.7%.@*Conclusion@#The relation of perceived social support to job insecurity and psychological distress among clinical nurses are intimate. Perceived social support might mediate the relationship between job insecurity and psychological distress.

Relation of perceived social support,job insecurity and psychological distress among clinical nurses / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To examine the potential mediating effect of perceived social support on job insecurity and psychological distress among clinical nurses. Methods A total of 462 clinical nurses in Shandong Province were selected by convenience sampling method. They were assessed with job insecurity scale, perceived social support and 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale ( K10) for the evaluation of job insecurity, self-esteem and psychological distress. Results The mean score of K10 was (23.72 ± 7.22) points among clinical nurses, and 85.9% (397/462) of them had psychological distress problems. The K10 scores were positively correlated with the scores of job insecurity (r=-0.282, P＜0.01), and the K10 scores were negatively correlated with perceived social support scores (r=-0.282, P＜0.01). Job insecurity was negatively correlated with perceived social support (r =-0.365, P＜0.01). The confidence interval from Bootstrap method indicated perceived social support played a partial mediating role between job insecurity and psychological distress,and the value of mediating effect was 13.7% . Conclusion The relation of perceived social support to job insecurity and psychological distress among clinical nurses are intimate. Perceived social support might mediate the relationship between job insecurity and psychological distress.

A estrutura de ocupações nos mercados de trabalho das cidades médias no Rio Grande do Sul: uma análise da dinâmica recente / The structure of occupations in the labor markets of mediumsized cities in Rio Grande do Sul: an analysis of recent dynamics

O artigo apresenta dados de uma pesquisa realizada com o objetivo de analisar como a dinâmica de desenvolvimento do capitalismo no Brasil, em especial a partir da década de 2010, repercutiu nos mercados de trabalho de cidades médias do Rio Grande do Sul. Tomando como referência as mudanças ocorridas na estrutura de ocupações das cidades médias do Rio Grande do Sul no período entre 2010 e 2017, propõe-se que, apesar das singularidades dos mercados de trabalho das cidades médias gaúchas, algumas tendências gerais estão presentes no período analisado, indicando um processo de aprofundamento da insegurança dos trabalhadores nesses mercados de trabalho. Insegurança essa objetivada, por exemplo, nos altos índices de rotatividade nos empregos, no baixo poder aquisitivo dos salários, na criação de empregos vinculados ao setor de serviços básicos e que não estão associados a exigências de maior qualificação profissional.(AU)

The article presents data from a research conducted with the objective of analyzing how the dynamics of capitalism development in Brazil, especially from the 2010s, had repercussions on the labor markets of medium cities of Rio Grande do Sul. changes occurring in the occupation structure of medium-sized cities of Rio Grande do Sul between 2010 and 2017, it is proposed that, despite the singularities of the labor markets of medium-sized cities in Rio Grande do Sul, some general trends are present in the analyzed period, indicating a process deepening workers' insecurity in these labor markets. Insecurity of this objective, for example, by the high rates of job turnover, the low purchasing power of wages, the creation of jobs linked to the basic services sector and which are not associated with higher professional qualification requirements.(AU)

Effect of Job Insecurity on Job related Depression and Anxiety: Large- and Small-sized Company Employees / 한국직업건강간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of job insecurity on job related depression and anxiety in large- and small-sized company employees. METHODS: Data of the third Korean Working Condition Survey in 2011 were used. Subjects were 2,050 large-sized company employees and 18,924 small-sized company workers. χ² test and multiple logistic regression using SAS 9.2 were conducted. RESULTS: Large- and small-sized company employees showed significant differences in terms of demographic, health-related, and job-related characteristics. From the bivariate analysis, gender, income, self-rated health, occupation, working hours per week, job-related stress, workplace violence, and job insecurity were significantly related to job-related depression/anxiety in large-sized company employees. From the multivariate analysis, higher income (AOR: 0.22, 95%CI: 0.07~0.71), better health perception (AOR: 0.05, 95%CL: 0.01~0.18), 40 or more working hours per week (AOR: 0.20, 95%CI: 0.05~0.79) showed lower risk for job-related depression/anxiety. From the bivariate and multivariate analysis, better health perception (AOR: 0.32, 95%CI: 0.20~0.53), higher job-related stress (AOR: 2.57, 95%CI: 1.68~3.93, workplace violence experience (AOR: 4.26; 95%CI: 2.88~6.30), and job insecurity experience (AOR: 1.90, 95%CI: 1.18~3.05) were significantly related to job-related depression/anxiety in small-sized company employees. CONCLUSION: Results of this study suggest that job insecurity experience was significantly related to job-related depression/anxiety in small-sized company employees but not in large-sized company employees. Therefore, small-sized company workers who have experienced feeling of job insecurity are vulnerable population in terms of job-related depression/anxiety.

Inseguridad laboral percibida y malestar psicológico: evaluación de dos modelos predictivos en trabajadores suministrados de la ciudad de Concepción, Chile / Perceived job insecurity and psychological discomfort: evaluation of two predictive models in supplied workers of Concepción city, Chile

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar dos modelos teóricos sobre la relación entre inseguridad laboral percibida y malestar psicológico, y sus variables predictoras (sexo, edad, situación de pareja, escolaridad y tipo de contrato), en 112 trabajadores suministrados de Concepción. El estudio es transversal de tipo explicativo. La recolección de los datos fue realizada mediante un muestreo intencionado. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el Cuestionario de Salud General de Goldberg y Williams¹, una escala de inseguridad laboral percibida cuantitativa y otra cualitativa² y una encuesta con datos sociodemográficos-laborales. El análisis de las relaciones causales se realizó con el método de Análisis de Ecuación Estructural (SEM). Los resultados indican que los modelos no son aplicables a trabajadores suministrados chilenos. Ello podría deberse a diferencias en las situaciones de trabajo y formas de flexibilidad laboral de los participantes, en las condiciones estructurantes del empleo suministrado en Chile, y a la influencia de variables individuales asociadas con la subjetividad de los trabajadores.

The objective of the study was evaluating two theorical models on relation between perceived job insecurity and psychological discomfort, and their predictive variables (sex, age, marital status, educational level and type of contract), in 112 supplied workers of Concepción. It is a cross sectional and explanatory study. The analysis of causal relationships was made using the method of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results indicate that the models are not applicable on Chilean supplied workers. This could be due to differences in work situations and forms of labor flexibility of the participants, in the structural conditions of employment provided in Chile, and the influence of individual variables associated with the subjectivity of workers.

Impacto das perceções de empregabilidade num contexto de insegurança de emprego / Perceptions of employability impact on a job insecurity context

Há, no atual contexto europeu, uma profunda crise no mercado de trabalho com elevadas taxas de desemprego. A procura de Empregabilidade pode constituir para os trabalhadores uma alternativa à Segurança de Emprego. A Empregabilidade surge como um requisito fundamental, tanto para as organizações que precisam competir num ambiente em mudança, como para os indivíduos que ambicionam carreiras de sucesso. Portanto, este estudo investiga o impacto das perceções de Empregabilidade dos colaboradores nas suas Intenções de Saída da organização e avalia como as perceções de Empregabilidade podem ser relevantes em contextos de elevada Insegurança de Emprego. Participaram neste estudo 150 colaboradores de diferentes organizações na área da Grande Lisboa. Os resultados revelaram uma relação negativa entre Empregabilidade e Insegurança de Emprego e uma relação positiva entre Insegurança de Emprego e Intenções de Saída. Sendo assim, conclui-se que a promoção de uma cultura de Empregabilidade nas empresas não está diretamente relacionada com o aumento das Intenções de Saída dos seus colaboradores, mas pode antes atenuar alguns dos efeitos negativos da Insegurança de Emprego...

In the current European context of deep crisis in labor markets, with unemployment rates reaching very high values, Employability may be an alternative to Job Security for employees. Employability emerges as a fundamental requirement both for organizations that need to compete in a changing environment and individuals who aspire to succeed in their careers. This study aims to provide empirical evidence about the impact of Employability perceptions on staff Turnover Intentions and how perceptions of Employability may be relevant in times of high Job Insecurity. The results were based on a sample of 150 individuals, working in different organizations in the Lisbon area. Results indicated a negative relationship between Employability perceptions and Job Insecurity, and a positive relationship between Job Insecurity and Turnover Intentions. It is concluded that an organizational culture that promotes Employability perceptions does not have a direct impact on employee Turnover Intentions. However, it may mitigate some negative effects of Job Insecurity...

Sobre la flexibilidad laboral en Colombia y la precarización del empleo / Job flexibility in Colombia and job insecurity

El presente artículo hace parte del proceso de revisión documental de la investigación doctoral: Sentidos y significados del trabajo en el escenario laboral flexible. Una aproximación al contexto de Medellín-Colombia. Objetivo: indagar sobre la flexibilidad laboral en Colombia y su contribución a la precarización del empleo. Método: revisión de literatura. Procedimiento: se realizó una revisión de artículos relacionados, se consultaron investigaciones realizadas en Colombia, medios de comunicación masivos y fuentes gubernamentales de información. Se encontró en los resultados que la flexibilidad laboral en Colombia, se ha impuesto como una exigencia de las organizaciones a los Estados en su búsqueda de competitividad y sobrevivencia, pero que ha traído pérdidas significativas a la protección legal que tenían los trabajadores, incrementando cada vez más la precarización del empleo. En Colombia la flexibilidad laboral se presenta a través de los contratos comerciales con empresas temporales, cooperativas de trabajo asociado y contratos de prestación de servicios; además de la utilización de contratos laborales a término fijo. La conclusión, a modo general, es que el incremento de la utilización de estas modalidades de relación laboral se aumenta año a año y se incrementa la pérdida de calidad del trabajo y su estabilidad, con su respectiva disminución de calidad de vida y bienestar de los trabajadores y de sus familias, es así que, la consecución del empleo se constituye en una forma de responder a la necesidad de sobrevivencia. Es de resaltar que los empleadores contratan y desvinculan al personal bajo un criterio básicamente económico, incentivando en esta lógica de relación contractual el exceso de poder del más fuerte, es decir del empleador.

This document is part of the doctoral research: Sense and Meaning of Job in a Flexible Job Market Environment. Approach to the Medellin - Colombia case. Objective: To study the flexible job market in Colombia and its contribution to job quality deterioration. Methodology: Literature review. Procedure: review of peer articles and research done in Colombia, media releases and government available data and information. The results show that job market flexibility in Colombia has emerged as a demand from businesses to government in their pursuing for competitiveness and survival. However, it has brought in with it a significant loss of legal protection for workers, increasing the deterioration of job quality. The job market flexibility in Colombia is implemented through contracts with agency employers, workers' cooperatives and defined body work contracts, on top of definite term employment. In conclusion, and generally speaking, the use of this type of employment contract is rising every year and increases the loss of job quality and lack of stability, with the consequent deterioration on quality of life and well-being of workers and their families. In this environment, getting a job becomes a matter of survival. It is worth to note that employers hire and fire personnel under basic economic criteria, encouraging a job market ruled by the excess of power of the strongest, the employer.

Association between work-related health problems and job insecurity in permanent and temporary employees

OBJECTIVES: This research was conducted with an aim of determining the correlation between job insecurity and an employee's work-related health problems among permanent and temporary workers. METHODS: Using the data from the First Korean Working Conditions Survey conducted in 2006, a total of 7,071 workers, excluding employers and the self-employed, were analyzed. Work-related health problems were categorized as backache, headache, abdominal pain, muscular pain, stress, fatigue, insomnia, anxiety or depression. Each problem was then analyzed for its relationship to job insecurity through logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Among the 7,071 workers, 5,294 (74.9%) were permanent workers and 1,777 (25.1%) were temporary workers. For the permanent workers, presence of high or moderate job insecurity appeared more closely linked to backache, headache, abdominal pain, muscular pain, stress, fatigue, insomnia, anxiety, and depression compared to absence of job insecurity. However, for the temporary workers, only depression appeared to be associated with the presence of high job insecurity. CONCLUSION: The study showed that the presence of job insecurity is correlated with work-related health problems. The deleterious effects of job insecurity appeared to be stronger in permanent than temporary workers. Additional research should investigate ways to effectively reduce job insecurity.

The Effect of Job Stress on Umemployment / 대한산업의학회지

OBJECTIVES: This study estimated the relationship between job stress and unemployment through a 2-year follow-up study in the KOSS cohort. METHODS: We established the KOSS cohort in 2004. Among this cohort, we selected 5680 persons with complete KOSS scores and resident registration numbers. We investigated the state of unemployment using unemployment insurance data from Jan. 2005 to Oct. 2006. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between job stress and unemployment. We also adjusted for age, education, marital status, experience of medical visiting, and size of enterprise. RESULTS: Insufficient job control, interpersonal conflict, job insecurity, occupational system, and lack of reward were related to unemployment for men, while only lack of reward was an unemployment risk factor for women. CONCLUSIONS: Insufficient job control, interpersonal conflict, job insecurity, occupational system, and lack of reward were found to be risk factors for male unemployment. Efforts should be made to reduce these job stressors as risk factors.

Job Characteristics and Psychosocial Distress of Atypical Workers / 대한산업의학회지

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to compare the job characteristics (work demand, decision latitude, and job insecurity) and psychosocial stress levels of typical workers in the parent firm, to those of atypical workers in subcontracted firms. In addition the risk factors for psychosocial stress of atypical workers are evaluated. METHOD: The study design was cross-sectional, and 1,713 shipbuilding workers (681; typical workers, 1,032; atypical workers) were recruited. A structured-questionnaire was used to assess the general characteristics, job characteristics and psychosocial stress levels. We used the chi-square test for univariate and multiple regression analyses. RESULTS: In univariate analyses, there were significant differences in smoking, hobby, insufficient sleeping, work hours per week, quitting, unemployment, job demand, job decision latitude and job insecurity. The job strain was significantly higher in the atypical workers than in the typical workers. The proportion of iso-strain groups was significantly greater in the atypical workers than typical workers. Using psychosocial stress as the dependent variable, multiple regression models were estimated. After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, unemployment, quitting, employment type, job demand, job decision latitude and job insecurity were all found to be significantly associated with psychosocial stress. CONCLUSION: This result suggests that the psychosocial stress of atypical workers is related to job characteristics such as job insecurity and labor flexibility.

La faz oculta de la escuela pública en Brasil: salud y trabajo de cocineras y ayudantes / The hidden face of the public school in Brasil: health and work of cooks and assistant

El marco para este estudio es el deterioro de las escuelas públicas, que viene ocurriendo en Brasil, el cual presenta situaciones muy precarias de trabajo y salud para los trabajadores. Como metodología realizamos observaciones directas en visitas, entrevistas, discuciones de grupo, encuestas y análisis epidemiológico de los casos de redaptación laboral. Como estrategia de conocimiento, discutimos continuamente los resultados de la investigación con grupos de otros estados brasileños que investigan el tema de la salud en las escuelas, así como con profesionales de la salud que asisten a profesionales de la educación. Tal dinámica viene contribuyendo a obtener una visión global de qué está sucediendo, al mostrar datos relacionados con la realidad de las escuelas y la salud de los trabajadores de la educación de varias regiones de Brasil. Entre los resultados alcanzados ya podemos destacar los siguientes: las cocineras y los ayudantes no ahorran palabras cuando hablan sobre el sufrimiento y expresan el alto costo que presenta permanecer en el campo de la normalidad. Muchos de ellos se quejan y presentan síntomas de lesiones por esfuerzos repetitivos, dolores de espalda y problemas del corazón: además a muchos de ellos se les indica la figura de readaptación o cambio de actividad de trabajo debido a tales problemas, cambios que en algunos casos implican "en teoría" solamente la realización de actividades ligeras. El servicio médico no establece relación entre las enfermedades y el proceso de trabajo, no obstante que, el número reducido de trabajadores en cada escuela y déficit de recursos para el trabajo representan un conjunto de factores que imposibilitan el equipo de trabajadores responder adecuadamente a las demandas de trabajo, lo cual se constituye un factor de riesgo o de daño a la salud de los mismos. La figura médica de la "readaptación" es un problema serio, puesto que se ha demostrado que los trabajadores continúan realizando actividades muy penosas(AU)

The framework for this study is the current deterioration of public schools in Brazil, which has led to precarious employment and health situations for workers. We conducted a series of direct observations, based on site visits, interviews, group discussions, surveys and epidemiological analysis of reassigned workers. To gain additional knowledge, our group is continuously exchanging research information with groups from other Brazilian states who are conducting similar school health research, as well as with health professionals who provide medical care for education professionals. By sharing data related to the schools and the health of educators from various regions of Brazil, this approach allows us to gain a more global perspective. The following results can be highlighted: school cooks and caretakers do not spare words when they speak about the suffering and costs of staying on the job. Many of them complain and present symptoms of repetitive strain injuries, back pain and heart problems. Furthermore, because of these problems, many of these workers are reassigned to (theoretically) "light duty". The medical service does not recognize the association between workplace conditions and disease, despite the fact that the reduced number of workers, coupled with diminishing resources, in turn place a greater demand on the remaining workers, leading to increased health risks. Accommodation, or reassignment of workers, is a serious problem since it has been demonstrated that workers continue to engage in risky work(AU)