Construction and application of pre-job training program for new nurses based on transformative learning / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To construct a new nurse pre-job training program based on transformative learning and explore its preliminary application effect.Methods:A quasi-experimental study was conducted, and 52 new nurses enrolled in 2019 in a three-A hospital of Hangzhou were randomly divided into experimental group ( n=26) and control group ( n=26). The experimental group adopted transformative learning based pre-job training program for new nurses, while the control group adopted traditional pre-job training program for new nurses. SPSS 20.0 and Microsoft Excel 2010 were performed for data processing, and t test and Fisher's exact probability test were used for statistical analysis. Results:After the training, the comparison of two groups of new nurses showed that, the total score of clinical core competence of the experimental group (226.62±32.84) was higher than that of the control group (197.00±29.54), the total score of self-efficacy of the experimental group (28.46±4.94) was higher than that of the control group (24.31±4.76), the total score of the transition shock of the experimental group (77.23±14.13) was lower than that of the control group (91.27±17.98), and the mean value of clinical assessment of the experimental group (73.16±17.05) was higher than that of the control group (61.58±14.24), all with statistical significance ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The pre-job training program for new nurses based on transformative learning can improve the clinical ability and self-efficacy of new nurses, reduce the transition shock of new nurses, and have a profound impact on their career.

The status quo and demand analysis of multi-level pre-job training for clinical nursing teachers / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To investigate the status quo of multi-level pre-job training for clinical nursing teachers and analyze their training needs, so as to provide reference for the design of pre-job training for clinical nursing teachers.Methods:A cross-sectional survey method was used to investigate 172 clinical nursing teachers in a tertiary general hospital in Harbin from April 2020 to June 2020 with multi-level pre-job training mode. The status quo of pre-job training and the training needs of teachers were analyzed. SPSS 17.0 was used to process the original data statistically.Results:Among the 172 respondents, 138 teachers (80.2%) were under 35 years old, and 133 teachers (77.3%) had a bachelor's degree or less; 89 teachers (51.7%) confirmed that hospitals or departments would carry out pre-job training in a planned and organized way, 10 teachers (5.8%) said that hospitals or departments had never organized training, 41 teachers (23.8%) had never participated in pre-job training, and 80 teachers (46.5%) had participated in pre-job training 1-3 times. There were 5 duplicates in the first 8 training contents of in-hospital training and in-department training, including knowledge of common diseases, nursing procedures, communication skills, hospital rules and regulations, and teaching methods. The total score of training demand was (154.51± 40.35) points, and the overall demand rate was 81.3%, which was at the high level. The dimensions with the highest scoring rate were legal system and humanistic literacy, with a scoring rate of 83.0%. The dimension with the lowest score was teaching management, with a score of 74.9%. The scoring rate of training needs with the highest points won nine items respectively on students' basic quality (self-supervision, willingness to learn, professional quality, etc.) (84.7%), training of legal knowledge (84.4%), incompatibility of drugs commonly used in department (84.3%), nurse etiquette (83.3%), nursing risk prevention (83.1%), evaluation methods of student education (83.1%), nurse-patient communication skills (83.0%), nurses and patients medication observation points of commonly used drugs in the department (83.0%), and effects of commonly used drugs in department (82.9%). Among the top three training forms, 84 students (48.8%) received online learning, 74 students (43.0%) received lectures from experienced teachers in hospitals, and 72 students (41.9%) received experience exchange and sharing seminars.Conclusion:The talent structure of clinical nursing teachers in this hospital is relatively young, and the first education level is low. Therefore, the pre-job training of clinical nursing teachers should be strengthened vigorously. The awareness rate and participation rate of pre-job training are average, so we should strengthen the release of training information from various channels, improve the awareness rate of training activities, clarify the encouragement or reward measures to participate in pre-job training activities, and improve the participation rate of training activities. Pre-job training content is repeated at every level, with a gap between the training needs of teachers in clinical nursing teaching. It's suggested that the teaching hospitals combine with their training objects of training needs, take the online-offline mixed mode of training, reasonably plan training contents as a whole at all levels, avoid training content repetition and waste of teachers, and organize teachers to timely exchange and share experiences.

Acciones para el fortalecimiento de la formación laboral en profesores noveles de Educación Física

La incorporación a la vida laboral no se considera el fin de la formación, sino un proceso de completamiento y desarrollo de las habilidades adquiridas para enfrentar la nueva etapa laboral. El conocimiento de los resultados del aprendizaje en los años de estudios es la base para el diseño de este plan de desarrollo en su primera etapa. La formación laboral es la segunda etapa de la formación y, sin dudas, la más importante de todo el proceso; su finalidad es que las diferentes figuras se apropien de los elementos educativos y técnicos básicos que requieren para poder iniciar su labor específica de manera eficiente. El movimiento físico como actividad del hombre en su desarrollo evolucionó con el paso de las civilizaciones, lo que permite a los profesores de Educación Física tomar conciencia de la necesidad de estudiar los componentes sociales que regulan la actividad física y actuar en concordancia con las características de los individuos que trabajan en los diferentes niveles o grupos etarios. De ahí que el objetivo de esta investigación va dirigido a proponer acciones para el fortalecimiento de la formación laboral de los profesores noveles de Educación Física del municipio Boyeros. Se utilizaron diferentes métodos teóricos: inductivo-deductivo, análisis de fuentes documentales y empíricos: la observación, entrevista, triangulación metodológica y técnicas psicológicas para la implementación de acciones para eliminar la diferencia entre la situación actual y la deseada.

A entrada na atividade profissional não é vista como o fim do treinamento, mas como um processo de conclusão e desenvolvimento das competências desenvolvidas para enfrentar a nova etapa de trabalho. O conhecimento dos resultados do processo de aprendizado durante os anos de estudo é a base para a concepção deste plano de desenvolvimento em sua primeira etapa. A formação profissional é a segunda etapa do treinamento e sem dúvida, a mais importante de todo o percurso; seu objetivo é que as diferentes personalidades se apropriem dos elementos educacionais e técnicos básicos necessários para poder iniciar eficientemente seu trabalho específico. O movimento físico como atividade humana em seu desenvolvimento evoluiu com o passar das civíses, o que permite aos professores de Educação Física tomar consciência da necessidade de estudar os componentes sociais que regulam a atividade física e atuarem de acordo com as características dos indivíduos que trabalham em diferentes níveis ou faixas etárias. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa é propor ações para consolidar a formação em serviço de professores iniciantes em Educação Física no município de Boyeros. Diferentes métodos teóricos foram utilizados: indutivo-dedutivo, análise de fontes documentais e métodos empíricos: observação, entrevista, triangulação metodológica e técnicas psicológicas para a implementação de ações para eliminar a lacuna entre a situação atual e a desejada.

The incorporation to working life is not considered the end of the training, but a process of completion and development of the acquired skills to face the new working stage. Knowledge of the results of learning during the years of study is the basis for the design of this development plan in its first stage. Job training is the second stage of training and, undoubtedly, the most important of the whole process; its purpose is that the different figures appropriate the basic educational and technical elements they require to be able to start their specific work efficiently. Physical movement as an activity of man in his development evolved with the passing of civilizations, which allows Physical Education teachers to become aware of the need to study the social components that regulate physical activity and act in accordance with the characteristics of the individuals working at different levels or age groups. Hence, the objective of this research is aimed at proposing actions for the strengthening of the labor training of novice Physical Education teachers in the Boyeros municipality. Different theoretical methods were used like, inductive-deductive and analysis of documentary, as well as empirical methods, as observation, interview, methodological triangulation and psychological techniques for the implementation of actions to eliminate the difference between the current situation and the desired one.

Investigation and analysis of on-the-job training of health technicians in maternal and child care institutions / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To analyze the current situation and requirements of education for health technicians in maternal and child health care institutions, and put forward feasible strategies and measures to improve the comprehensive quality and professional level of the talent team of maternal and child health care institutions.Methods:Questionnaire survey was carried out on education needs of health technical staff of 11 maternal and child health care hospitals in 4 provinces (regions), and provincial, municipal and district-level medical institutions. The survey results were recorded by Epidata 3.1. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 1 678 questionnaires were included in the analysis. A total of 1 313 people received training, accounting for 78.2%. The main reason for not receiving training was that the unit didn't arrange (180 people), accounting for 49.3%(180/365). There were 779 people who had more than 3 days of training, accounting for 59.3%. There were 384 people who were trained in superior general hospitals, accounting for 29.2%, and 268 people were trained in superior maternal and child health institutions, accounting for 20.4%. There were 837 people who learned the content of new professional progress, accounting for 50.8%(837/1 648). According to the interview, there were still some requirements for thematic training, further education, online learning, continuing education and standardized training.Conclusion:Maternal and child health care institutions have accelerated the construction of professional personnel, intensified training, and thoroughly implemented health personnel training programs, established a long-term mechanism, increased funding, improved training content, ensured the quality of training, and made a good job in hierarchical training to meet the learning needs of personnel at all levels. This is of great significance for strengthening the technical personnel of maternal and child health care institutions and improving their service capacity.

Covid-19: un reto para los estudiantes de Enfermería en la educación en el trabajo / COVID-19: a challenge for Nursing students in the on-the-job training

RESUMEN Introducción: en las prácticas docentes de Enfermería de la educación en el trabajo, que se realizan en centros hospitalarios, los estudiantes y enfermeros están expuestos al contagio por covid-19. De ahí que se haga necesaria la preparación de este personal para ejercer su labor de un modo exitoso en medio de un escenario complejo. Objetivo: evaluar el enfrentamiento a la covid-19 por parte de educandos y personal de enfermería en las prácticas de la educación en el trabajo. Materiales y métodos: se realizó una investigación de intervención y desarrollo en el Servicio de Neurocirugía del Hospital Universitario Clínico Quirúrgico Comandante Faustino Pérez Hernández, de Matanzas, entre septiembre y octubre de 2020, período de rebrote de la covid. Para ello se trabajó con el universo constituido por 12 pacientes, 12 cuidadores y 6 educandos de 5to año de la carrera de Licenciatura en Enfermería. El estudio se dividió en tres etapas: diagnóstica, entrenamiento y evaluación. Se utilizó la entrevista. Resultados: predominó en los pacientes el grupo etario de 40 a 49 años, con 41,66 % del género masculino. En los cuidadores predominó el femenino, y la edad de 50 a 59 años. El entrenamiento resultó efectivo en un 58,33 %. Conclusiones: la prevención y el autocuidado fueron respuestas estratégicas positivas como formas de actuación en los educandos y el resto del personal que participó en la investigación. La labor asistencial educativa minimizó el riesgo epidemiológico en los pacientes y cuidadores, y logró un incremento en la percepción de riesgo de contraer la enfermedad (AU).

ABSTRACT Introduction: students and nurses are exposed to contagion by COVID-19 during the Nursing teaching practices of on-the-job training carried out in hospitals. Therefore, it is necessary train these staff to carry out their work successfully in the middle of a difficult scenario. Objective: to evaluate COVID-19 facing by students and nursing staff in the practices of on-the-job training. Materials and methods: an intervention and development research was conducted in the Neurosurgery Service of the University Hospital Comandante Faustino Pérez Hernández, of Matanzas, between September and October 2020, period of COVID-19 resurgence. For that we worked with a universe of 12 patients, 12 caregivers and 6 5th-year students of Nursing degree. The study was divided into three stages: diagnosis, training and evaluation. The interview was used. Results: the 40-49 age group predominated among patients, with 41.66 % of the male gender. Among caregivers, female gender predominated and 50-59 age group. The training was effective at 58.33 %. Conclusions: prevention and self-care were positive strategic answers as forms of action in students and the rest of the staff involved in the research. The educational aid work minimized the epidemiological risk in patients and caregivers, and achieved an increase in risk perception of contracting the disease (AU).

Application of tracer methodology combined case-based study model in the pre-job training of medical record writing for residents / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To observe the value of tracer methodology combined case-based study (CBS) model in the standardized residency training of medical record writing.Methods:A total of 91 residents who were newly recruited from The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University in July 2019 were selected as the subjects and randomly divided into test group ( n=47) and control group ( n=44). The tracer methodology combined CBS model was used for test group while the traditional model was used for control group to compare the knowledge of medical record writing, performance of medical record writing and feedback to teaching in two groups. SPSS 21.0 was used for t test and chi-square test. Results:The correct response rate in knowledge of medical record writing, the normative scores and integrity scores after training were significantly higher than those before training ( P<0.05). The normative and integrity scores were significantly increased after training, and those in the test group were significantly higher than those in the control group [(90.3±3.5) and (91.3±3.2) vs. (88.6±3.5) and (89.8±3.0), P<0.05, respectively]. The test group was significantly superior to the control group in the autonomous learning ability [97.8% (44/45) vs. 82.9% (34/41)], communication ability [95.6% (43/45) vs. 78.0% (32/41)] and acceptance of teaching form [97.8% (44/45) vs. 82.9% (34/41)] ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The tracer methodology combined CBS model is a good way in the pre-job training of medical record writing for residents, which can mobilize the subjective initiative of the trainees and teachers, complete the teaching tasks and obtain better teaching value.

Current Status of Surgical Technique Training Such as Off the Job Training / 日本心臓血管外科学会雑誌

Young cardiovascular surgeons work on various trainings such as OFFJT to improve surgical techniques. In this paper, we conducted a questionnaire survey of U-40 members to find out what they are doing to acquire standard surgical techniques.

Satisfacción de estudiantes y docentes con la educación en el trabajo desde la Atención Primaria / Student and teacher satisfaction with on-the-job training in primary health care

Introducción: La formación del estudiante de Medicina se basa en los principios de la vinculación del estudio con el trabajo. La educación en el trabajo, como forma organizativa del proceso docente, lleva el protagonismo para cumplir con esta misión, por lo que los escenarios de la Atención Primaria de Salud deben ganar cada vez mayor espacio en la formación de estos profesionales. Objetivo: Valorar la satisfacción de estudiantes y profesores de la carrera de Medicina con la educación en el trabajo desde los escenarios de la Atención Primaria de Salud. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte longitudinal durante el curso 2016-2017 en Santo Domingo, provincia Villa Clara. La muestra estuvo constituida por 26 estudiantes de Medicina de tercer año del Policlínico Universitario "Manuel Piti Fajardo", 24 alumnos de sexto año que hicieron su rotación de Medicina General Integral en este municipio, y 20 profesores que participaron activamente en la formación de estos educandos. La información se obtuvo mediante revisión documental y encuestas realizadas a estudiantes y profesores. Resultados: Predominó el buen desempeño de los estudiantes, al adquirir sus habilidades en los dos años de la carrera, así como la promoción en la convocatoria ordinaria. Los profesores, en su mayoría, eran asistentes y estaban preparados metodológicamente para desarrollar la educación el trabajo. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los educandos y profesores del estudio se consideraron satisfechos con desarrollar la educación en el trabajo desde estos escenarios(AU)

Introduction: Medical education is based on the principles of on-the-job training. As a form of organization of the teaching process, on-the-job training plays a leading role in fulfilling such a mission. Primary health care settings should therefore permanently expand their involvement in the training of these professionals. Objective: Determine medical student and teacher satisfaction with on-the-job training in primary health care settings. Methods: A longitudinal descriptive study was conducted in Santo Domingo, Villa Clara province, during the school year 2016-2017. The sample was 26 third-year medical students from Manuel Piti Fajardo University Polyclinic, 24 sixth-year students rotating in Comprehensive General Medicine in this municipality, and 20 teachers actively involved in the training of these students. Data were obtained from document review and surveys applied to students and teachers. Results: Good performance prevailed. Students acquired their skills in the two years assigned to them, and all passed their end-of-term exams in the ordinary call. Most teachers were Assistant Professors methodologically trained to lead on-the-job training tasks. Conclusions: Most of the students and teachers in the study reported being satisfied with participating in on-the-job training activities in these environments(AU)

Momentos didácticos para el desarrollo de habilidades investigativas desde la educación en el trabajo / Didactic moments suitable for developing research skills via on-the-job training

Introducción: El proceso docente educativo que se desarrolla desde la educación en el trabajo debe sustentarse en una concepción didáctica de actualidad y pertinencia, en función de preparar a un individuo capaz de enfrentar nuevas situaciones y problemas mediante los métodos científicos. Objetivo: Caracterizar los dos momentos didácticos para el desarrollo de habilidades investigativas desde la educación en el trabajo. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación cualitativa en la carrera de Medicina en el ciclo clínico en la Filial de Ciencias Médicas "Lidia Doce Sánchez" de Sagua la Grande en el período 2014-2016. La población de estudio estuvo constituida por 160 estudiantes desde 3ro hasta 5to años de Medicina (ciclo clínico). La muestra fue seleccionada por un muestreo estratificado guiado por propósito y quedó finalmente constituida por 44 estudiantes. Además, participaron estudiantes de 6to año mediante un muestreo aleatorio simple, los profesores y tutores fueron seleccionados a través de un muestreo no probabilístico intencional, y los directivos y metodólogos de la carrera fueron seleccionados en su totalidad. La recogida de la información se realizó a través de diferentes técnicas: análisis de documento, encuesta a los profesores, encuesta a estudiantes, observación a las actividades de educación en el trabajo y entrevista a directivos y metodólogos. Resultados: El proceso docente educativo contribuyó al desarrollo de las habilidades investigativas de los estudiantes. Este debió ejecutarse en dos momentos didácticos fundamentales: la preparación de la ejecución y la ejecución del proceso, en los cuales se concibió la tarea investigativa y fueron diseñados teniendo en cuenta los problemas de salud que afectan al individuo, la familia, la comunidad y el medio ambiente. Conclusiones: Los dos momentos didácticos para la educación en el trabajo contribuyeron al desarrollo de las habilidades investigativas, al favorecer la adquisición de los modos de actuación profesional relacionados con los métodos clínico y epidemiológico(AU)

Introduction: The teaching-learning process carried out via on-the-job training should be based on current, relevant didactic principles, so that professionals are trained who can face up to new situations and problems applying scientific methods. Objective: Characterize the two didactic moments suitable for developing research skills via on-the-job training. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted of the Medicine major during its clinical cycle at Lidia Doce Sánchez Medical Sciences Branch School in Sagua la Grande in the period 2014-2016. The study population was 160 third-to-fifth-year medical students (clinical cycle). The sample was selected by purposive stratified sampling and was finally made up of 44 students. Additionally, sixth-year students were selected by simple random sampling. Teachers and tutors were chosen by purposive non-probability sampling. All faculty managers and methodologists went through the selection process. Data collection was based on document analysis, teacher surveys, student surveys, observation of on-the-job activities, and interviews with managers and methodologists. Results: The teaching-learning process conducted via on-the-job training in the major of Medicine in the various primary and secondary training environments, contributed to develop students' research skills. The process should be performed at two main didactic moments: preparation for conduct and process conduct. Research as the cornerstone of the teaching-learning process was conceived of as taking place at these two didactic moments, which were designed bearing in mind the health problems affecting the individual, the family, the community and the environment. Conclusions: The two didactic moments occurring during on-the-job training contributed to develop research skills, fostering the acquisition of professional behavior modes related to the clinical and epidemiological methods(AU)

Exploring training model of military psychologists based on flipped classroom / 中华医学教育探索杂志

In order to optimize the teaching process, improve the teaching quality, and cultivate military psychologists with high practical skills, this study explored the training model of military psychologists based on flipped classroom. First of all, the content of "psychological publicity education, psychological assessment, psychological counseling, mental illness diagnosis, psychological training and psychological service" was introduced for training military psychologists. Secondly, theoretical basis based on flipped classroom was analyzed , and coherence between students' realistic needs and student-centered learning theories was elaborated. Finally, requirements for implementing flipped classroom in the training of military psychologists were analyzed. Teachers should thoroughly understand students' actual needs, formulate targeted curriculum standards and teaching objectives, and utilize team strength to provide better service for teaching. Students should improve their study initiatives and learn actively. Teaching media should not only be the carrier of teaching content, but also meet requirements of students' self-study and teacher-guided teaching.

Exploring training model of military psychologists based on flipped classroom / 中华医学教育探索杂志

In order to optimize the teaching process, improve the teaching quality, and cultivate military psychologists with high practical skills, this study explored the training model of military psychologists based on flipped classroom. First of all, the content of "psychological publicity education, psychological assessment, psychological counseling, mental illness diagnosis, psychological training and psychological service" was introduced for training military psychologists. Secondly, theoretical basis based on flipped classroom was analyzed, and coherence between students' realistic needs and student-centered learning theories was elaborated. Finally, requirements for implementing flipped classroom in the training of military psychologists were analyzed. Teachers should thoroughly understand students' actual needs, formulate targeted curriculum standards and teaching objectives, and utilize team strength to provide better service for teaching. Students should improve their study initiatives and learn actively. Teaching media should not only be the carrier of teaching content, but also meet requirements of students' self-study and teacher-guided teaching.

The content and form of pre-job training for medical trainees based on the analysis of question-naires / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To discuss whether the content and method of pre-job training meet the need of medical trainees and to give some advice on its reformation. Methods 350 trainees enrolled by The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University attended the two-day standardized pre-job training in September, 2016. The self-designed satisfaction questionnaires on contents and method of pre-job training were distributed to all trainees after training, and then the statistical analysis was completed by SPSS 11.0 software. The satisfaction rate higher than80% was deemed as satisfactory, and the satisfaction rate lower than80% was regarded as unsatisfactory. Results 350 questionnaires were distributed in total, with 335 valid responses returned.. The result showed that the number of trainees who were satisfied with the training contents of medical law and rules and regulations, writing norms of medical documents, infection control, medical information technology, medical insurance policy, fire control and personal security and the use of library resources were 321(95.82%), 318(94.93%), 310(92.54%), 302(90.15%), 251(74.93%), 234(69.85%) and 220 (65.67% ) respectively. There were 254 (75.82% ) trainees who were satisfied with the training methods. Conclusions All medical trainees were satisfied with most contents of current pre-job training. However, the trainings on the extension of clinical expertise and the improvement of clinical skills should be added. Almost all trainees were dissatisfied with the training method, which should be diversified. Fur-ther improvement on contents and methods for current pre-job training will be conducive to enhancing the quality of medical trainees.

The application of cardiopulmonary resuscitation skill training in pre-job training for clinical interns and its value of quality control / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To explore the application of cardiopulmonary resuscitation skill training in pre-job training for clinical interns and its value of quality control. Methods A total of 136 clinical interns in Chongqing Qianjiang Central Hospital who came from Chongqing Medical University, Jishou University, and Hubei University for nationalities were included in this study from June 2015 to June 2017. The test score, pass rates and make-up pass rates after 3 months of pre-job training of cardiopul-monary resuscitation were compared between training and evaluation group (2016 session) and control group (2015 session). We analyzed the correlation of retraining and evaluation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and test score of pre-job training and its value of predicting the effectiveness of pre-job training. Results There were 65 clinical interns in 2016 session and 71 clinical interns in 2015 session. After 3 months training, the test score, pass rates and make-up pass rates in retraining and evaluation group were significantly higher than that in the control group, respectively (t=15.594,P=0.000; χ2=22.859, P=0.000; χ2=6.179, P=0.018). Conclusions Car-diopulmonary resuscitation skill training could enhance the effectiveness of pre-job training for clini-cal interns in non-affiliated teaching hospital and increase interns' ability to carry out cardiopulmonary resusci-tation and improve the quality of pre-job training for clinical interns. It could be used as an effective quality control strategy of clinical teaching

The Exploration of the standardized model of training and assessment for employees in blood services / 中国输血杂志

Objective To standardize the job training and improve the basic professional quality and induction ability of practitioners in Blood Services by setting up job training assessment standardized model.Methods Using the standardize model to carry out the application of standardized model of job training assessment for the practitioners in Blood Services.July 2016-June 2017,focusing on the standardize training materials and training standards to carry out the centralized training,establishing a unified teacher library of the province and the centralized training will be taught by those teachers,evaluating result by standardize theoretical test and the conformity standard,then evaluating and supervising the assessment results.Results 356 practitioners participated in centralized training,379 practitioners participated in the theoretical test,and 339 practitioners were qualified of the actual operation during these two years.The total qualified rate is 89.4％.There was no significant difference in the qualified rate between two years (P＞0.05).Among them,the qualified rate of category Ⅰ personnel was 85.1％,category Ⅱ personnel was 98.7％,category Ⅲ personnel was 94.8％,and the qualified rate of category Ⅱand Ⅲ was higher than that of category Ⅰ (P＜0.05).Conclusion Through the application of the standardized model to promote the standardization of education and training resource standard,and carry on standardized training evaluation as well as strictly grasp the examination and evaluation standards,it will be conducive to improving the quality of education and training,will also be conducive to improving the professional quality of employees and supply institutions.

Application of clinical pathway teaching model in new nurses pre-job training / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To observe the role of clinical pathway method of teaching in the new nurses pre-job standardization training, and provide evidence for the exploration of scientific teaching methods. Methods Make training manual for new nurses on the basis of clinical path model. New nurses were assigned randomly to clinical pathway group (29 cases) and control group (28 cases). The clinical pathway and effective quality supervision were adopted in clinical pathway group, and the traditional teaching method were adopted in control group. The level of theory, basic skills, professional skills were evaluated, and satisfaction of teaching method and self-assessment were collected and analyzed. Results The results of theory, basic skills, and professional skills in clinical pathway group were (89.41 ± 5.07), (95.28 ± 2.96), (93.10 ± 2.86) points, and those in control group were (80.92 ± 7.64), (89.82 ± 3.77), (85.57 ± 5.33) points, the differences were significant (t=4.792, 6.083, 6.682, P=0.000).The number of satisfaction of teaching method was 28 cases in clinical pathway group and 22 cases in control group, the difference was significant (Z=38.316, P=0.000). Learning motivation, the ability of autonomous learning, communication, problem analyzing and solving, critical thinking, and the nursing behavior standardization in the self-assessment part in clinical pathway group were all better than those in the control group, the differences were significant (Z=-3.938~-2.143, P<0.01 or 0.05). Conclusions The application of clinical pathway method in new nurses pre-job training could effectively improve the level of theory, basic skills and professional skills, increase their satisfaction of teaching method and self-assessment.

Application of clinical pathway teaching model in new nurses pre-job training / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To observe the role of clinical pathway method of teaching in the new nurses pre-job standardization training, and provide evidence for the exploration of scientific teaching methods. Methods Make training manual for new nurses on the basis of clinical path model. New nurses were assigned randomly to clinical pathway group (29 cases) and control group (28 cases). The clinical pathway and effective quality supervision were adopted in clinical pathway group, and the traditional teaching method were adopted in control group. The level of theory, basic skills, professional skills were evaluated, and satisfaction of teaching method and self-assessment were collected and analyzed. Results The results of theory, basic skills, and professional skills in clinical pathway group were (89.41 ± 5.07), (95.28 ± 2.96), (93.10 ± 2.86) points, and those in control group were (80.92 ± 7.64), (89.82 ± 3.77), (85.57 ± 5.33) points, the differences were significant (t=4.792, 6.083, 6.682, P=0.000).The number of satisfaction of teaching method was 28 cases in clinical pathway group and 22 cases in control group, the difference was significant (Z=38.316, P=0.000). Learning motivation, the ability of autonomous learning, communication, problem analyzing and solving, critical thinking, and the nursing behavior standardization in the self-assessment part in clinical pathway group were all better than those in the control group, the differences were significant (Z=-3.938~-2.143, P<0.01 or 0.05). Conclusions The application of clinical pathway method in new nurses pre-job training could effectively improve the level of theory, basic skills and professional skills, increase their satisfaction of teaching method and self-assessment.

Los Estudios de la Migración Laboral: Estructura Factorial Exploratoria Del Estigma Laboral

El objetivo es establecer la confiabilidad y la validez de un instrumento que midió el estigma laboral. Se realizó un estudio no experimental, transversal y exploratorio con una selección no probabilística de 432 estudiantes de una universidad pública del Estado de México. A través de un modelo estructural ⌠χ2 = 303,205 (28) p = 0,017; GFI = 0,953; NFI = 0,973; RFI = 0,918; IFI = 0,917; TLI = 0,979; CFI = 0,908; RMSEA = 0,007⌡se encontró que el indicador EFL4 reflejó al factor del estigma formativo laboral (ß = 0,70), y el indicador ECL1 reflejó al factor del estigma de la calidad laboral (ß = 0,60). Se recomienda incluir en el modelo al estigma social, considerando que el clima de relaciones es preponderante sobre el clima de tareas, así como la extensión del estudio con grupos migrantes respecto a la formación y la calidad del desempeño de grupos oriundos.

Objective. The purpose of the study was to establish the reliability and validity of an instrument measured the labor stigma from two dimensions on training and performance quality. Method. From the question and alluding to the adjustment of the theoretical dimensions of labor stigma regarding factors weighted hypothesis, conducted a non- experimental, transversal and exploratory study with a nonrandom selection of 432 students from a public university in the State from Mexico. Results. Through a structural model ⌠χ2 = 303.205 (28) p = 0.017; GFI = 0.953; NFI = 0.973; RFI = 0.918; IFI = 0.917; TLI = 0.979; CFI = 0.908; RMSEA = 0,007⌡se found that EFL4 indicator showed the labor training stigma factor (ß = 0.70) and ECL1 indicator reflected the stigma factor of labor quality (ß = 0.60). Discussion. It is recommended to include in the model of social stigma, considering that the climate of relations is prevailing climate of tasks according to the literature reviewed, and the extension of the study with migrant groups to training and quality performance of native groups.

Transition to Employment of University Students with Disabilities: Factors for Success / Transición al empleo de estudiantes con discapacidad: componentes para el éxito

This study presents the results of the implementation of a training program on employment search strategies to 10 disabled students, while 10 similar students acted as controls. Following its implementation, participants in the program showed better academic / labor self-concept, had more information on the next steps in the search for employment and 4 had succeeded in finding employment. The positive assessment they made, coupled with the demand from disabled students for initiatives like this, suggest measures such as this be included in the activities of university counseling services.

En este estudio se aplicó un programa de entrenamiento en estrategias de búsqueda de empleo a 10 estudiantes universitarios discapacitados, mientras que otros 10 actuaron como control. Tras la puesta en práctica de éste, los participantes en el mismo mostraban mejor autoconcepto académico/ laboral poseían más información sobre los pasos a seguir en la búsqueda de empleo y 4 habían logrado incorporarse al empleo. La valoración positiva que hicieron, sumada a la demanda de los estudiantes discapacitados de iniciativas como ésta, sugieren la inclusión de medidas como la realizada entre las actividades de los servicios de orientación universitarios.

Case Manager's Understanding of Care Management for Terminal Cancer Patient in Home / 日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会誌

<b>Purpose</b>: The present study was conducted to elucidate the gap in awareness of experience of care management and the actual work of being responsible for this field by spotlighting on the attributes of of case managers and who are in charge of care management of terminal cancer patients at home.<br><b>Methods</b>: Anonymous individual style questionnaire investigation was conducted against a target of 443 care managers.<br><b>Results</b>: 70.3% had experience being in charge of terminal cancer patients and there was a significant difference in that this was found in those of more than 5 years of experience and among those of full timer status. As for experience in regard to those with or without experience being in charge by basic type of job, there was not much significant difference.<br>As for awareness regarding being in charge of terminal cancer patients, those who felt “I want to avoid it”, remained in 25% and found more in non-fulltimers (P<0.05). As for those who thought that “health care providers are more suited to be in charge”, this was found in 70% of health care providers and 40% in welfare related individuls (P<0.05) and a significant difference was noted. As for awareness of “should not depend on specific profession and should be done fairly among professions and which was found in 80% of those who have less than 5 years among care support specialist profession and hence compared to those with more than 5 years, it was many, and a significant gap was found. Regarding need of education and training about care management of terminal cancer patients, 95% agreed there is.<br><b>Conclusion</b>: Approximately 70% of all had experience with terminal cancer patients and particularly, among those with over 5 years as care support specialist, it became clear that full timers were in charge. However, about awareness of being in charge of care management, it became clear that there was an positive attitude toward who takes in charge without being restricting to specific individuals and not selecting by number of years of experince as care managers nor by basic job types. Therefore, it can be concluded that opportunity for education and training about care management of terminal cancer patients and consolidating education environment for self training is important.

Organizational education provided by magnet visiting nursing station managers / 日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会誌

<b>Objective</b> : The present study was conducted to examine the efforts of the managers of magnet home-visit nursing station to improve their organizations and prevent the turnover of nurses, focusing on their ideas and approaches.<br><b>Methods</b> : A total of 6 magnet home-visit nursing station managers were interviewed and the obtained data were subjected to qualitative and inductive analyses.<br><b>Results</b> : The managers exerted efforts to [provide advice on the missions of home-visit nursing], which were classified into the following three categories : “sharing experience and knowledge obtained from nursing practice to increase the level of home-visit nursing care services”, “meet the expectation of patients and their families”, and “working in collaboration with a variety of health care professionals”. The managers also improved their work environments to train staff members while valuing their personalities, and the efforts were classified into the following three categories : “enhancing the strengths of nursing staff”, “encouraging the independence of nursing staff”, and “helping staff members maintain their work-life balance”.<br><b>Conclusion</b> : The managers of home-visit nursing stations attempted to reduce the staff turnover rate by improving home-visit nursing care services and work environments.