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@#Objective To analyze the related knowledge-attitude-practice(KAP)and the influencing factors of human papilloma virus(HPV)vaccine among 16 — 45 year old resident women in Pudong New Area.Methods Six of the 36streets(towns)in Pudong New Area were randomly selected as the survey site,the resident women aged 16 — 45 years were randomly selected excluding those with reading or comprehension disabilities and those with mental disorders,and a total of 1 022 valid questionnaires were collected through self-filling questionnaires to understand the KAP status of the HPV vaccine among the resident women in Pudong New Area. The relationship among KAP of HPV vaccine and its influencing factors were analyzed by univariate analysis and structural equation model.Results The overall awareness rate of HPV vaccine among 16-45 year old resident women in Pudong area was higher. Univariate analysis showed that marital status,educational level,employment status and household annual income were related to the awareness level of HPV vaccine（χ~2=12. 832,17. 636,16. 770 and 20. 030,respectively,each P < 0. 05）;Age,marital status,employment status and children′s status were correlated with HPV vaccination level（χ~2= 12. 382,25. 777,8. 830 and 20. 138,respectively,each P <0. 05）;HPV vaccine health education,HPV and HPV vaccine knowledge scores affected HPV vaccination status（χ~2=97. 561 and 68. 969,respectively,P < 0. 001）;Subjects' knowledge of cervical cancer was positively affected by knowledge of HPV infection(γ_(11)= 0. 756,P < 0. 001). Knowledge of cervical cancer not only positively affected subjects′ attitudes towards the efficacy of HPV vaccine(β_(21)= 0. 557,P < 0. 001),also had a direct effect on the HPV vaccination behavior of the subjects,showing a promoting effect(β_(31)= 0. 274,P = 0. 004). Subjects′ approval of the efficacy of HPV vaccine had a positive effect on their actual vaccination behavior(β_(32)= 0. 175,P = 0. 016).Conclusion The willingness of the 16 — 45 year old resident women in Pudong New Area to inoculate HPV vaccine was positive,but the actual vaccination rate was low. It is suggested to strengthen the HPV vaccine publicity while strengthening the education of cervical cancer and HPV infection,and consider the necessity of including the suitable age males in the scope of human vaccination.
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Purpose: To study the awareness of mucormycosis among discharged inpatients after receiving treatment for COVID?19 infection at a tertiary COVID care center in south India. Methods: This was a telephone?based survey conducted using a questionnaire consisting of 38 questions in five sections in the month of June–July 2021. COVID?positive inpatients who had been admitted, treated, and discharged from a government medical college were contacted via phones, and their responses were directly entered into the Google Forms platform. Results: A total of 222 participants were included in the study. Among all the participants, a cumulative 66% of participants had some knowledge of mucormycosis and 98/222 (44%) did not have any idea of mucormycosis in spite of being admitted to the hospital. More than 40% of them reported that their prime source of information was through mass communication. Around 81% of the respondents were aware that it can occur after COVID?19 infection. Among them, only 25 knew that systemic steroids were the main risk factor. Sixty?four out of 124 knew that diabetes is a major risk factor. Fifty percent agreed that a vaccine for COVID can prevent mucormycosis. Conclusion: Such knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) studies give us an idea of the impact of the measures taken for educating the public. In this study, a cumulative 66% of participants had some knowledge of mucormycosis and 34.7% were diabetics who had better knowledge and practice scores than non?diabetics. Sixty?six point nine percent felt that it was possible to prevent this condition
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Background@#Teledermatology has been widely used during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic to overcome barriers in access to care. The objective of this study was to assess the current knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding teledermatology among dermatologists in the Philippines.@*Materials and Methods@#This was a cross-sectional and analytical study conducted from January 2022 to April 2022, among Filipino dermatologists using a self-administered online questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize the demographics of the participants. The two-sample t-test, Chi-square test, and multiple logistic regression model were used to analyze the data.@*Results@#Out of 113 respondents, 108 (95.5%) had adequate knowledge and a positive attitude toward teledermatology. The majority (110/113, 97.35%) practiced teledermatology. The most commonly used platform was instant messaging applications(78/100, 70.91%), and the most common factor that influenced their practice was patient demands or needs(74/110, 67.27%). Those who did not practice teledermatology cited technological difficulties as the main reason.@*Conclusion@#Teledermatology was widely used by Filipino dermatologists to provide remote care during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, to fully utilize its potential and limit potential issues associated with its use even after the pandemic, continuous training and education among dermatologists and a more enabling technological environment may be needed.
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Knowledge , Attitude , TelemedicineABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the radiation dose of interventional procedure for children with congenital heart disease, and to analyze the differences in radiation dose and influencing factors. Methods A total of 94 children who underwent interventional procedure for congenital heart disease at a grade A tertiary hospital in Jinan, Shandong Province, China from June 2021 to September 2022 were included in this study. The patients were divided into three groups according to the type of procedure: ventricular septal defect occlusion group (VSD, 48 cases), patent ductus arteriosus occlusion group (PDA, 29 cases), and atrial septal defect occlusion group (ASD, 17 cases). The basic information of patients and postoperative dose reports were recorded. A statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results The median cumulative air kerma (CAK) of VSD, PDA, and ASD was 100.5, 43.7, and 12.1 mGy, respectively. The median air kerma area product (KAP) of VSD, PDA, and ASD was 3.309, 1.313, and 0.540 Gy·cm2, respectively. The median KAP·kg−1 of VSD, PDA, and ASD was 0.179, 0.088, and 0.031 Gy·cm2·kg−1, respectively. There were significant differences in fluoroscopy time, number of cine images, CAK, KAP, and KAP·kg−1 among the three types of interventional procedures (P<0.05). Compared with PDA and ASD, VSD showed significantly higher fluoroscopy time, number of cine images, CAK, KAP, and KAP·kg−1 (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis found that age (B=52.445, P<0.05), weight (B=13.077, P<0.05), fluoroscopy time (B=0.425, P<0.05), tube current (B=0.872, P<0.05), and number of cine images (B=0.660, P<0.05) were positively correlated with KAP, while there was no significant association between height and KAP (P>0.05). Conclusion There are differences in radiation dose among the three types of procedures. Reducing fluoroscopy time, tube current, and number of cine images while meeting the procedure requirements is of great significance for reducing the radiation dose received by children.
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@#Introduction: Proper nutrition is important for the health and performance of athletes. However, a lack of knowledge might lead to negative attitude and poor dietary practices. This study aimed to determine the levels of nutrition knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among male gymnasium users in Jordan. Methods:A total of 138 male gymnasium users (21.1±2.8 years) from Jordan were recruited. Their height, weight, body mass index, and age were recorded. The KAP-Sports nutrition questionnaire that contains 25 questions regarding knowledge on basic sports nutrition, 12 questions regarding usual food choices and practices, and 20 questions on attitude towards nutrition and sports-enhancing diet were administrated. Descriptive and Pearson correlation analyses were used to analyse the data. Results: Majority of the participants had moderate knowledge on sports nutrition (77.6%), neutral attitude (84.7%), and fair dietary practice (67.4%). Mean score for knowledge, attitude and practice were 18.1±2.6, 58.8±6.2, and 29.7±3.6, respectively. There was significant, weak correlation between knowledge and attitude (r=0.18, p=0.048), as well as between knowledge and practice (r=0.20, p=0.018). Conclusion: Knowledge is important to affect positive attitude and good dietary practices. However, gymnasium users in Jordan did not have a high level of knowledge that could lead to their positive attitude and good dietary practices. Thus, sports nutrition education is recommended to ensure that adequate and correct knowledge are disseminated to gymnasium users.
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Background: In the developing countries like India, infections are still very common. About 50% of the patients presenting to general practitioners had fever as the complaint pointing that infective ailments still predominate. Aims and Objectives: The use of antimicrobials is very common in practice that leads to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 GP’s were registered for the present study. Assessment was done based on the special questionnaire prepared for assessing the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of the GP’s. Results: Data were collected from the Google Forms, which was then analyzed using Statistical software. No statistical difference between KAP of all pathies was observed. There is a statistically significant positive correlation between number of patients attended per day and antibiotics prescribed. This correlation is strong between allopathy practitioners whereas it’s moderate in homeopathy and Ayurveda practitioners. There is a statistically significant association between KAP. Conclusion: Self-medication and modification in the treatment by the patients; unnecessary and improper use by physicians and pharmacists themselves giving antimicrobials without prescription are some of the common problems in irrational use of antimicrobials. From this study, we can conclude that KAP of GP’s has an association with usage of antibiotics and thus programs for promoting and improving KAP’s can be useful in managing the irrational use of antibiotics.
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Background: Obesity and overweight are strongly linked to developing diabetes, hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke, and endocrine disorders. Knowledge, attitude, and practicesof the public are crucial in limiting the burden of obesity in the Indian community. The current study aims to assess the KAP of obesity among the general public of India. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in the rural and urban areas of Tirupati city. Adults aged 18 years or above who are willing to participate, were included. A total of 300 subjects were enrolled and data was collected by using a pre-validated questionnaire. Variables like weight, height and KAP scores were obtained. Chi-square tests were used to associate demographics with good KAP towards obesity.Results: The findings show that more than half of the participants have good knowledge, and a positive attitude, but the practices are not optimal in dealing with obesity and management. Participants’ ages more than 40 years, presence of comorbidity, risk factors, and social habits are significantly associated with obesity and overweight. Obese are having goodknowledge but normal-weight people are significantly associated with a positive attitude. Participants of normal weight, no risk factor, and no habits were significantly associated with rational practices.Conclusions: The study concludes that the participants had good knowledge and attitude toward obesity but the participants failed to practice controlling and preventing obesity. However, more efforts are required in creating awareness and educating the general population regarding physical activity, diet, and lifestyle in preventing obesity and its associated complications.
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Purpose: To study the awareness on mucormycosis among outpatients who visited six tertiary eye care hospitals at Madurai, Pondicherry, Coimbatore, Tirunelveli, Chennai, and Tirupati. Methods: This was a telephone?based survey conducted using questionnaires consisting of 38 questions in five sections from July 5 to 25, 2021. Patients visiting the eye hospitals for an examination were contacted over their phones and responses were directly entered onto the Google forms platform. Results: A total of 4573 participants were included in the study. Among all participants, a cumulative 83% of participants had some knowledge of mucormycosis. More than 80% of them reported that their prime source of information was through mass communication like television or radio. Around 34.8% of the respondents were aware that it can occur after treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID?19) infection, only half of them (54.3%) knew that systemic steroids were the main risk factor. The knowledge scores were higher for participants who were diabetics (n = 1235) or had been affected by COVID?19 earlier (n = 456) or whose friends had mucormycosis earlier (n = 312). Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) scores of nonprofessional health?care workers (n = 103) were much better compared to patients. Conclusion: Such KAP studies give us an idea of the impact of the measures taken for educating the public. In this study, a cumulative 83% of participants had some knowledge of mucormycosis and 86% knew that this was an emergency. More than 50% of the participants were not aware that diabetes is a risk factor for mucormycosis.
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Purpose: To assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and clinical practice of glaucoma among optometry students and optometry practitioners with different years of clinical experience and academic background. Methods: A survey with 20 questions on knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of glaucoma was prepared and self?administered to optometry students and optometry practitioners practicing in an eye hospital/clinic/optical with varied years of clinical experience and education qualification. Results: Among the 558 participants, 57% were optometry practitioners and 43% were students. The knowledge scores among optometry practitioners increased significantly with an increase in the years of clinical experience (P < 0.001). Participants with master’s degrees scored higher than participants with bachelor’s degrees (P = 0.12). There was no statistically significant difference in knowledge scores based on the type of clinical practice ? hospital, private practice, or optical (P = 0.39). Practicing optometrists who performed slit?lamp examination, gonioscopy, IOP measurements, and disc evaluation for the detection of glaucoma had significantly higher knowledge scores than those who did not perform these tests in their practice (P < 0.05). A positive attitude toward glaucoma learning through workshops and hands?on training was reported by optometrists and students. Conclusion: Knowledge about glaucoma was good among optometrists and optometry students and was better among those who handled the diagnostics. All the optometrists had a positive attitude toward enhancing their practice through proper training
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Background: COVID-19 was declared pandemic by WHO on 30th January 2020 and to cure it, No specific antiviral treatment has been developed yet, therefore only preventive measures such as; facemask, regular hand washing, social as well as physical distancing, respiratory etiquettes and vaccination against Covid-19, are proven methods of its control and prevention. Objectives: To study the knowledge, Attitude and Practices among people about COVID-19 vaccine and find out various socio-demographic factors for its decision making. Material &Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among the persons attended the tertiary care center to get vaccine against COVID-19 at Government Medical College, Badaun, UP. Results: Out of all respondents, majority (77.2%) of them accepted to get the vaccine as soon as available. 81.5% of respondents were male and more than half (60%) of them were unmarried. More than three fourth (77.5%) of respondents were unemployed and nearly one third (32%) belonged to BPL category. As per study, majority of respondents (86%) and (71.8%) said that vaccine is safe and effective way to control and prevent COVID-19, respectively.(77.2%)respondents who accepted that vaccine should be taken as soon as available, more than half (57%) of them said that doctor's recommendation is an important factor in vaccination decision-making.Conclusion: The most important factor for vaccine hesitancy is the occurrence of mild to moderate adverse effects following immunization, and this may be the biggest challenge in the global response against the Covid-19 pandemic.
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Bio medical Waste (BMW) collection and disposal has become major concern for the medical and general Community. Improper waste management is hazardous to health care workers, patients, general Public and largely the environment. i) To evaluate the practices of BMW Management at source of generation and Aims & Objectives: transportation among different patient care areas at Vydehi Hospital ii) To analyze the quantity of waste generates iii)To assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices(KAP)among health care personnel regarding waste management. Methodology: It is a direct Observational and cross-sectional study which was conducted for a period of 12 months at VIMS & RC (Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre). It was evaluated under 4 categories, with a checklist of 20 parameters among 40 patient care areas. Simple random sampling technique is used to select the study subjects for the KAP questionnaire. At VIMS & RC, the BMW Results: management mean observation was at the level of “Condition of waste receptacles” were good (95.79%) & least observation noted with “waste transportation” (52.5%). The total Infectious waste generated was 0.135kg/bed/day and the hospital has got separate colour coded bins in each ward for collection of waste. The safety measure taken by health care workers regarding KAP of biomedical waste management was not satisfactory among Class IV Employees and it was not due to unavailability of personal protective measures but because of un-awareness of health hazards which may occur due to improper waste management practices. It is concluded that there should be strict implementation of waste management policy, proper training and Conclusion: motivation regarding BMW management for all health care workers in hospital.
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La crisis ambiental es la primera crisis global generada por el desconocimiento, es por ello, que la educación respecto a la salud ambiental es el punto de partida para reemplatear la actitud de las relaciones del ser humano con su entorno. Por tal razón, esta investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el nivel de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre salud ambiental en estudiantes ecuatorianos de la sede Huancayo de la Universidad Peruana Los Andes. La investigación fue descriptiva-transversal cuya muestra estuvo conformada por 147 estudiantes ecuatorianos matriculados en el segundo semestre 2021 de medicina y enfermería. Como instrumento se aplicó la encuesta CAP relacionadas con sostenibilidad de tres modulos y 18 ítems. Para el análisis de los datos, se calcularon proporciones y medidas de resumen, correlaciones de Spearman, prueba de Kolmogorov-Smirnov con corrección de Lilliefors. Como resultado se encontró que el nivel de conocimiento fue "Excelente" respecto conocimiento del significado de salud ambiental (x: 3,62), "Deficiente" en participación en acción de mejoramiento ambiental en la comunidad (x: 2,35) y "Malo" en participación de programas de educación ambiental (x: 1,27), así mismo, la clasificación porcentual y puntajes de las dimensiones pesquisadas fue "Deficiente" en el nivel de conocimiento (x: 52,01), "Deficiente" en actitudes (x: 53,23) y "Malo" en prácticas (x: 34,08). Es necesario implementar estrategias de abordaje integral en la formación de profesionales enfocados en el conocimiento de temas ambientales y el desarrollo de una conducta ambiental que repercutan en el mejoramiento de la salud publica(AU)
The environmental crisis is the first global crisis generated by ignorance, which is why education regarding environmental health is the starting point to replace the attitude of human relations with their environment. For this reason, this research aimed to determine the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices on environmental health in Ecuadorian students from the Huancayo campus of the Universidad Peruana Los Andes. The research was descriptive-cross-sectional, whose sample consisted of 147 Ecuadorian students enrolled in the second semester of 2021 in medicine and nursing. As an instrument, the CAP survey related to sustainability of three modules and 18 items was applied. For data analysis, proportions and summary measures, Spearman correlations, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test with Lilliefors correction were calculated. As a result, it was found that the level of knowledge was "Excellent" regarding knowledge of the meaning of environmental health (x: 3.62), "Poor" in participation in environmental improvement action in the community (x: 2.35) and " Bad" in participation in environmental education programs (x: 1.27), likewise, the percentage classification and scores of the dimensions investigated was "Poor" in the level of knowledge (x: 52.01), "Poor" in attitudes (x: 53.23) and "Bad" in practices (x: 34.08). It is necessary to implement comprehensive approach strategies in the training of professionals focused on the knowledge of environmental issues and the development of an environmental behavior that has repercussions on the improvement of public health(AU)
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Humans , Male , Female , Students , Environmental Health , Environmental Health Education , Universities , Drinking Water , Environmental PollutionABSTRACT
Background: Menstrual hygiene is an issue that is insufficiently acknowledged. Menstruation and menstrual practices are still clouded by taboos and socio-cultural restrictions resulting into adverse health of females. The present study was designed to assess the knowledge, attitude, practice, and health related issues regarding menstruation among medical students, which will add up to the lacking data regarding menstrual hygiene among medical students. Objectives: To assess knowledge, attitude and practice of menstrual hygiene among medical students and prevalence of health-related issues related to menstruation. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in May-June 2020, online data is collected through questionnaire from 118 medical students studying in Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli, Karnataka, India. Results: From our analysis, we have found that there is adequate knowledge, good attitude, and practice of menstrual hygiene among medical students. There is also positive correlation between menstrual hygiene practice and its related health issues. Conclusion: This study highlights the need for more intensified methods to generate a population who are more aware and complaint to practice and participate in spreading hygiene menstrual practices
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Objective To compare the changes of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) related to taeniasis and cysticercosis among primary school students before and after health education interventions in disease-elimination pilot areas of Henan Province, so as to evaluate the effectiveness of health education interventions. Methods A primary school was selected from each of Dushu, Bowang and Yangji townships, Fangcheng County, Henan Province from 2017 to 2019; then, 2 to 3 classes were randomly selected from grade 4 to 6 in each primary school, and finally, all students in these classes were enrolled as study subjects. A thematic health education lecture pertaining to taeniasis and cysticercosis was given once each year by means of “health education in class”. The KAP towards taeniasis and cysticercosis was investigated among primary school students using selffilled structured questionnaires, and the changes of awareness of taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge and percentage of healthy behaviors formation were compared in primary school students among years and following various frequencies of health education interventions. Results More than 10 thousand person-time primary school students received health education interventions during the period from 2017 to 2019, and a total of 1 223 person-time primary school students were investigated during the 3-year study period, including 633 person-time men and 590 person-time women and 88.55% of primary school students at ages of 10 to 12 years. The proportion of households raising pigs and using dry toiliets decreased from 5.30% (24/453) and 18.10% (82/453) in 2017 to 3.60% (13/361) and 11.08% (40/361) in 2019, respectively. The awareness rate of taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge increased significantly from 0.22% (1/453) in 2017 to 62.59% (256/409) in 2018 and 76.73% (277/361) in 2019 (χ2 = 567.60, P < 0.001), and the awareness rate was 85.25% (104/122) among primary school students attending the thematic special health education courses for successive three times. The awareness rates of taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge were 0.44% (1/225), 58.00% (116/200) and 71.63% (149/208) among male students and 0 (0/338), 66.99% (140/209) and 83.66% (128/153) among female students from 2017 to 2019, and there was a significant difference in the awareness of taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge between male and female students in 2019 (χ2 = 7.14, P = 0.01). On-site teaching by doctors was the students’ favorite way to receive health education interventions (70.07%, 857/1 223), followed by watching health education videos (58.63%, 717/1 223) and seeing parasite specimens (48.9%, 598/1 223). The proportion of students’ families who used cutting boards for raw and cooked food separately increased from 7.28% (33/453) in 2017 to 47.37% (171/361) in 2019, was 67.21% (82/122) among students attending the health education courses for successive three times. The proportion of students who frequently washed their hands before meals and after using toilet increased from 71.96% (324/453) in 2017 to 89.47% (319/361) in 2019 and was 95.90% (117/122) among students attending the health education courses for successive three times. In addition, the percentage of students washing hands frequently in families using dry toilets was significantly lower in those who did not use dry toilets (χ2 = 9.21, P = 0.002), and the proportion of students with a habit of eating raw or undercooked meat decreased significantly from 35.76% (162/453) in 2017 to 6.65% (24/361) in 2019 (χ2 = 69.11, P < 0.01). Conclusion The thematic health education activity of “health education in class” contributes greatly to the increase in the awareness of taeniasis and cysticercosis control knowledge and the rate of healthy behaviors formation among primary school students in diseaseelimination pilot areas of Henan Province.
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Objective:To construct of occupational protection ability system for nursing staff, in order to improve the ability of occupational protection of nursing staff.Method:based on knowledge attitude/belief practice theory, the occupational protection ability system for nursing staff were established by literature review, Delphi method, expert group discussion and semi-structured interviews.Results:The rates of questionnaires return were 19/20 and 15/16 in the first and second round expert consultation. The authority coefficient of expert were 0.892 and 0.921. The coordination coefficient of experts′ opinion were 0.377 and 0.456. The training system included 3 first-level indexes, 11 second-level indexes and 109 third-level indexes.Conclusion:The results of ability system are reliable, which can provide reference for training the nursing staff′s occupational protection ability.
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@#Introduction: Nutrition plays a vital role in sports. Athletes must understand the importance of diet and ensure that they meet the nutrient requirements to enhance sports performance. The lack of understanding in sports nutrition will lead to poor dietary practices that can cause detrimental effects on athletic achievements. This study aims to evaluate the effects of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding sports nutrition and dietary intake among young university athletes. Methods: Twenty-one local university athletes (23.8±3.4 years) were recruited, and their anthropometric and socio-demographic data were assessed. All participants attended a 1-day sports nutrition class. The KAP-Sports nutrition questionnaire was administered. Three days of dietary intake were also recorded at the same timepoints among the participants. Results: There was a significant increment (p<0.05) in the mean scores for KAP among the participants. Total energy and total carbohydrate intakes per day were significantly increased (p<0.05). However, overall protein and fat intakes did not improve as the readings were higher than the recommended values. Conclusion: In this study, sports nutrition education improved participants’ KAP, but not the actual dietary intake. Changes in habit require more effort, with extra attention on protein and fat intakes.
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Background@#There is a high prevalence of HBsAg in adults in Lao PDR, as seen in first-time blood donors. The high positive rate is also detected in repeat donors although the cause is unclear. By surveying blood donors, this study examines the general population’s knowledge level of HBV infection and assesses the public’s perception of vaccination.@*Objective@#The aims of this study were to assess knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of blood donors regarding HBV infection. @*Methodology@#We conducted a cross-sectional study to collect the KAP information among consenting students of high school and university in March-September, 2018. A self-answered questionnaire was also utilized among blood donors in Vientiane Capital, Luang Prabang and Khammuan Provinces. The questionnaires were distributed and completed in the classroom setting with investigators proctoring. Descriptive analysis was performed on the socio-demographic characteristics, Student’s T-test were performed to examine the difference of mean and linear regression models the association between dependent and independent variables. @*Results@#Among 625 blood donors (132 health science students and 477 non-health science students), all had a positive attitude towards blood donation, but they had low knowledge towards hepatitis infection and prevention. Multivariable analysis showed that x factors were significantly associated with HBV vaccination. This included gender, level of education, being a health science student, HBV positivity status and awareness not to donate blood and knowledge towards vaccination. HBV vaccination hesitation was observed in blood donors who did not know that vaccination can prevent infection, and most blood donors (76.9%) answered that they were healthy so did not see the need for the vaccine and did not understand this vaccination method as prevention. A fear of injections, belief that they would not be able to drink alcohol for two weeks surrounding vaccination and that it was not necessary to prevent HBV infection were reasons given to not seek HBV vaccination.@*Conclusion@#Blood donors had overall poor knowledge on hepatitis B infection and prevention, particularly among the non-health student donors. Blood donors should be aware of and understand their HBsAg testing status and broaden their perception and knowledge on HBV infection and prevention.
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@#Objective: we aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of healthcare providers (HCP) towards cervical cancer (CC) screening and to identify possible factors associated with its low utilization among women presenting at gynaeco-obstetrics units in the Lao PDR. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between March - June 2018 on a sample of 85 (HCP) at gynaecology units in two provincial and eleven district hospitals in Luang Prabang (LPB) and Salavan (SLV) Provinces. Results: Of the 85 HCP, 63.4% were from SLV and 36.6% from LPB. 81% were females and mean ager was 32 years. Only 7% of them had good knowledge, 18.8% had good CC screening attitudes and only 1.2% had good CC screening practices. 36.2% of female HCP had been screened for CC and 48.3% had not been screened because they thought only those who had symptoms and risk factors should go for. The most common reasons for not conducting routine CC screening of patients were: lack of medical equipment (53.7%), and incompetent techniques (43.3%). HCP graduates and post graduates had a higher knowledge score (aOR = 4.09, 95% CI: 1.43-11.66, P = 0.008), and attitude score (aOR = 5.54, 95% CI: 1.55-19.75, p=0.008). Those, who had been working for more than 10 years, were more likely to have higher attitude scores (aOR = 6.07, 95% CI: 1.36-27.15, p =0.018). Conclusions: CC screening knowledge among HCP is generally fair. However, CC screening attitudes are still poor. Re-orientation courses on CC screening for HCP are urgently needed in order to move forward to the next steps in CC screening programs.
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Objective:To know the status of knowledge， attitude and behavior related to sexual and reproductive health in high school students in three regions of East China， and to provide a reference for adolescent reproductive health education. Methods:From August to October in 2019， 614 high school students were invited from 6 high schools in Jiading District and Yangpu District， Shanghai and Taicang City， Jiangsu to participate in this study. We conducted an anonymous self-questionnaire survey using structured questionnaires based on adolescent reproductive health knowledge and literacy. Results:The male to female ratio of all high school students in the study was 1∶1.25， and the average age was （16.1±0.9） years old. The score of pregnancy and abortion knowledge was the lowest among the reproductive health knowledge scores， and the differences among the three regions were statistically significant （P=0.002）. Male high school students （P<0.001）， students in the school with reproductive health education base （P=0.008） and students who wanted to obtain reproductive health education （P=0.002） were more acceptable to premarital sex. The high school students obtained adolescent health knowledge mainly through the internet or mobile phones， and had a demand for reproductive health related services. Conclusion:High school students in the three regions have a more open attitude towards premarital sex， but have a poor grasp of correct and efficient contraceptive knowledge. Responsible departments need to strengthen the health education of relevant knowledge， and at the same time to find new forms of education to effectively improve the level of adolescent reproductive health.
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Objective:To understand the status and knowedge， attitude， practice（KAP） of adolescent sexually transmitted disease（STD） patients in Shanghai， and provide evidence for the development of health interventions. Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted by anonymous interview survey using self-made questionnaires in patients during 2017.10.1-2017.12.31. Consecutive variables were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test. Classification variables were analysed using Chi-square analysis and logistic analysis. Results:Regarding to sex and reproductive health， the knowledge awareness rate of STD patients was very low. The rate of correctly answering most questions was less than 5%. The patients were more open to risky sex， while the proportion of positive attitude towards safe sex was lower. Men were more open than women to risky sex. For example， 34.7% and 35.7% of men accepted homosexuality and one-night stand， respectively， but only 1.5% and 12.4% of women showed acceptance. There was statistically significant difference in knowledge scores of STD between different genders （P=0.020）. The knowledge score of female patients was higher than that of male patients. There were statistically significant differences in unsafe sex and preventive health care attitudes among patients of different gender （P<0.001） and sex orientation （P<0.001）. The attitudes of female patients were better than those of male patients， and the attitudes of heterosexual patients were better than those of sexual minorities. There was statistically significant difference in sexual behavior among patients with different sexual orientation （P=0.014）， and the behavior score of sexual minority patients was better than that of heterosexual patients. The influencing factors of sex and reproductive knowledge were gender （P=0.001） and native place （P=0.004）. STD knowledge level in females and Shanghai residents was higher than males and the non-residents. Conclusion:There is a large gender difference in adolescent STD groups in Shanghai. Women， floating population and sexual minorities are vulnerable groups and need more social support. More health education should be targeted on the factors affecting reproductive health knowledge， and adolescent STD prevention strategies should be formulated.