Avaliação da capacidade protetora de antígenos recombinantes contra a Leishmaniose Tegumentar / Protective capacity of recombinant antigens against tegumentary leishmaniasis

A leishmaniose é uma doença de escala global, que afeta 12 milhões de pessoas e pode causar um espectro de doenças que vai desde a forma cutânea localizada, que tende para a cura espontânea, até a forma visceral que é fatal. Apesar da gravidade da doença, até o momento não existe uma vacina efetiva para prevenir a leishmaniose. Dentre os antígenos promissores para o desenvolvimento de uma vacina, destacam-se as proteínas ribossomais (S4, S6, L3 e L5) e a KMP-11, uma proteína de superfície presente nos membros da família tripanosomatidae. Nosso estudo consistiu em avaliar os efeitos da imunização com estes antígenos frente ao desafio com L. major e com L. braziliensis, empregando modelos experimentais de infecção. Primeiramente, avaliamos a capacidade protetora dos antígenos ribossomais frente à infecção por L. major. Dos quatro antígenos avaliados, apenas L3 ou L5 foram capazes de prevenir o desenvolvimento da lesão e de diminuir a carga parasitária. A vacinação de camundongos com estes antígenos, na presença de CpG, induziu um perfil de resposta Th1, com elevada produção de IFN-γ, baixa produção de IL-10 e presença de anticorpos IgG2a. Em seguida, avaliamos a capacidade protetora dos antígenos L3 e L5...

Leishmaniasis is a global disease affecting 12 million people and can cause diseases that range from self-healing localized cutaneous leishmaniasis to fatal visceral leishmaniasis. Despite the severity of the disease, there is no effective vaccine to prevent leishmaniasis. Among the promising antigens for the development of a vaccine, stand out the ribosomal proteins (S4, S6, L3, and L5) and KMP-11, a surface protein, widely found in the members of family Trypanosomatidae. Our study evaluated the effects of immunization with these antigens upon challenge with L. major and L. braziliensis, employing the experimental models of infection. First, we evaluated the protective ability of ribosomal antigens to infection by L. major. Among the four antigens examined only L3 or L5...

Kinetoplastid membrane protein-11 is present in promastigotes and amastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis and its surface expression increases during metacyclogenesis

Kinetoplastid membrane protein-11 (KMP-11), a protein present in all kinetoplastid protozoa, is considered a potential candidate for a leishmaniasis vaccine. A suitable leishmaniasis vaccine candidate molecule must be expressed in amastigotes, the infective stage for mammals. However, the expression of KMP-11 in Leishmania amastigotes has been a subject of controversy. We evaluated the expression of this molecule in logarithmic and stationary growth phase promastigotes, as well as in amastigotes, of Leishmania amazonensis by immunoblotting, flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry, using a monoclonal antibody against KMP-11. We found that KMP-11 is present in promastigotes and amastigotes. In both stages, the protein was found in association with membrane structures (at the cell surface, flagellar pocket and intracellular vesicles). More importantly, its surface expression is higher in amastigotes than in promastigotes and increases during metacyclogenesis. The increased expression of KMP-11 in metacyclic promastigotes, and especially in amastigotes, indicates a role for this molecule in the parasite relationship with the mammalian host. The presence of this molecule in amastigotes is consistent with the previously demonstrated immunoprotective capacity of vaccine prototypes based on the KMP-11-coding gene and the presence of humoral and cellular immune responses to KMP-11 in Leishmania-infected humans and animals.