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Objective:To discuss the research status and hotspots of Kaixin Powder.Methods:Literature about Kaixin Powder was retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, CBM, PubMed and Web of Science databases from the establishment of the databases to January 10, 2023. CiteSpace 6.2.R2 and VOSviewer 1.6.16 software were used to visualize and analyze data on the types of literature included, source journals, publication volume, authors, institutions, keywords, etc.Results:Totally 235 articles were included, mainly Chinese journal article. There were 87 source journals involved, among the Chinese and English journals, China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica and J Ethnopharmacol published the most articles. The overall annual number of articles published in the Kaixin Powder showed an upward trend. It involved 505 authors, forming research teams with Liu Ping, Jiang Yanyan and others as the core; The authors of the included literature came from 99 research institutions, and the cooperation between institutions was mainly based on units with the same or similar geographical area, TCM universities and their affiliated hospitals. The data results of keyword co-occurrence clustering network, keyword co-occurrence time network and keyword emergence analysis showed that the composition of the main active components (ginsenosides, poria acid, fine octyl ethers, ketones and oligosaccharide esters), detection methods (high performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass chromatography), pharmacological effects (anti-Alzheimer's disease, antidepressant), mechanism of action and clinical application of the combination were the current research hotspots and trends in development. Conclusion:The research of Kaixin Powder mostly focuses on the mechanism of action and clinical research of Alzheimer's disease, depression and other diseases, among which the research on the main active components in Kaixin Powder is a hot topic in recent years, while the development trend of pharmacological mechanism of action and clinical application is better, and the correlation between active components and efficacy may become a new hot direction in the research of Kaixin Powder.
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Objective To explore the anti-depression mechanism of Kai-Xin-San(KXS)via regulation of neurogenesis in hippocampus of depression-like mice.Methods The extracts of KXS were prepared and the anti-depression effects of KXS were evaluated by behavioral tests on chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)induced depression-like mice.Evaluating depression-like behavior in CUMS mice through sucrose preference test,forced swimming test,tail suspension test,and other methods.Neurogenesis in hippocampus were determined by immunofluorescence assay.In addition,effects of KXS on regulating nestin expression and Wnt/b-catenin signaling pathway were explored by western blotting analysis.Amounts of cortisol,corticotropin-releasing factor(CRF),adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH),brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and nerve growth factor(NGF)were determined by ELISA tests.Mouse primary neural stem cells(NSC)was used to evaluate the effect of KXS on promoting its proliferation by immunofluorescence assay.In addition,effects of KXS on regulating nestin and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were also explored by Western blotting analysis.Results KXS significantly ameliorated the depression-like behaviors in presence of increased sucrose preference rate and decreased immobile time of tail suspension and forced swimming.KXS significantly promoted the neurogenesis in the hippocampus and expressions of nestin,reduced the expressions of cortisol,CRF,ACTH,increased the expressions of BDNF,NGF,and regulated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.KXS also promoted the proliferation of NSCs and expressions of nestin,enhanced the translocation of b-catenin into nucleus,and regulated the expressions of proteins of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Conclusion KXS promoted neurogenesis in hippocampus and regulated Wnt/β-catenin pathway,which might contribute to its antidepressant effect.
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Objective To investigate the beneficial effect of Kai-Xin-San combined with fluoxetine in improving depression-like behaviors on chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)induced depression model mice.Methods The present study aimed to assess the potential of Kai-Xin-San in combination with fluoxetine to ameliorate depression-like behaviors in a CUMS induced mouse depression model.Behavioral tests,such as the sucrose preference test were employed to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment.Additionally,the levels of suppressed stress factors were measured using the ELISA method.The morphology of hippocampal tissue was evaluated using the HE staining method,Nissl Staining and TUNEL staining methods.Furthermore,western blotting analysis was utilized to determine the expression levels of proteins such as Caspase-3,and Caspase-9.Results The co-administration of Kai-Xin-San and fluoxetine resulted in a significant increase in sucrose preference rate in model mice.This effect was comparable to that of fluoxetine alone at the standard clinical dose.Furthermore,the combination treatment up-regulated the levels of suppressed stress factors,reduced the apoptosis of hippocampus induced by depression and regulated the apoptosis signaling pathway in hippocampus.Conclusion The combination of Kai-Xin-San and fluoxetine has been shown to be an effective treatment for depression-like behavior in animal models,resulting in a reduction in the required clinical dosage of fluoxetine.This effect may be attributed to the up-regulation of neurotransmitter expression,inhibition of stress axis activation,and central nervous inflammation.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the specific pharmacological molecular mechanisms of Kai Xin San (KXS) on treating Alzheimer's disease (AD) based on network pharmacology and experimental validation.@*METHODS@#The chemical compounds of KXS and their corresponding targets were screened using the Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine (ETCM) database. AD-related target proteins were obtained from MalaCards database and DisGeNET databases. Key compounds and targets were identified from the compound-target-disease network and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Functional enrichment analysis predicted the potential key signaling pathways involved in the treatment of AD with KXS. The binding affinities between key ingredients and targets were further verified using molecular docking. Finally, the predicted key signaling pathway was validated experimentally. Positioning navigation and space search experiments were conducted to evaluate the cognitive improvement effect of KXS on AD rats. Western blot was used to further examine and investigate the expression of the key target proteins related to the predicted pathway.@*RESULTS@#In total, 38 active compounds and 469 corresponding targets of KXS were screened, and 264 target proteins associated with AD were identified. The compound-target-disease and PPI networks identified key active ingredients and protein targets. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis suggested a potential effect of KXS in the treatment of AD via the amyloid beta (A β)-glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3 β)-Tau pathway. Molecular docking revealed a high binding affinity between the key ingredients and targets. In vivo, KXS treatment significantly improved cognitive deficits in AD rats induced by Aβ1-42, decreased the levels of Aβ, p-GSK3β, p-Tau and cyclin-dependent kinase 5, and increased the expressions of protein phosphatase 1 alpha (PP1A) and PP2A (P<0.05 or P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#KXS exerted neuroprotective effects by regulating the Aβ -GSK3β-Tau signaling pathway, which provides novel insights into the therapeutic mechanism of KXS and a feasible pharmacological strategy for the treatment of AD.
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Rats , Animals , Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy , Amyloid beta-Peptides , Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta , Network Pharmacology , Molecular Docking Simulation , Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3/therapeutic use , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the effect of dialectical diet on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score of cirrhotic ascites patients based on "Gu Ben Kai Qu" theory.Methods:From March 2019 to January 2020, 84 patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites admitted to Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM were randomly divided into two groups according to the different dialectical types of the subjects, 14 cases in each group. Three non-syndrome differentiation diet groups were given routine nursing care of liver cirrhosis ascites. On the basis of routine nursing, the corresponding medicinal diet was selected according to syndrome differentiation based on "Gu Ben Kai Qu" theory. Patients with spleen and kidney yang deficiency syndrome selected Shenqi lean meat decoction. Patients with Yin deficiency of liver and kidney selected Wolfberry and ophiopogon spareribs decoction. Patients with qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome selected Danggui Sanqi spareribs decoction. The TCM syndrome score scale for liver disease and the curative effect evaluation of cirrhosis ascites were used to evaluate the effect.Results:Eighty effective cases were included. On the first day of admission, the 14th day and the second week after discharge, the TCM syndrome scores of liver disease were as follows: the group (a1b1) with the spleen and kidney yang deficiency syndrome was 46.38±8.56, 34.20±8.42, 31.40±4.22, respectively. The group (a1b2) with the liver kidney yin deficiency syndrome was 41.50±8.71, 31.35±8.63, 31.12±4.94. The group(a1b3) with the qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome was 45.92±7.86, 35.17±7.57, 30.83±7.32, respectively. The non-syndrome differentiation diet group (a2b1) with the spleen and kidney yang deficiency syndrome was 46.29±8.38, 39.79±7.65, 36.64±6.83, respectively. The non-syndrome differentiation diet group (a2b2) with the liver and kidney yin deficiency syndrome was 40.50±8.12, 38.10±8.93, 35.38±8.24, respectively. The non-syndrome differentiation diet group (a2b3) with the qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome was 45.62±7.99, 41.83±7.31, 38.83±7.96, respectively. The comparison of TCM syndrome scores of liver disease at three time points was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 63.998, P<0.05), and the comparison between groups was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 20.993, P<0.05). On the 14th day and the second week after discharge, there were significant differences between the groups with the syndrome differentiation diet and another three groups with non-syndrome differentiation diet ( F values were 3.244, 3.489, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Based on the theory of "strengthening the foundation and opening channels", the syndrome differentiation group can effectively reduce the TCM syndrome score of patients with cirrhosis ascites, improve the symptoms and enhance the curative effect. With the development of time, the score of TCM syndrome in patients with liver disease become lower. On the 14th day of admission, patients with Yin deficiency of liver and kidney given medicated diets had significant effect; patients with spleen kidney yang deficiency syndrome or qi stagnation and blood stasis had significant effect in 2 weeks after discharge; which can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of patients with cirrhosis ascites to worthy of clinical application.
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Kai-Xin-San (KXS) is a well-known formula that was first recorded in an ancient Chinese book "Important Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergency" by Si-miao Sun from the Tang Dynasty. KXS is composed of Panax ginseng, Poria cocos, Polygala tenuifolia, and Acorus tatarinowii at a ratio of 3:3:2:2. The material basis of the pharmacological action of KXS is mainly related to ginsenosides, polygala saponins, polygala oligosaccharide esters, and polygalactone. However, the active components of P. tenuifolia and A. tatarinowii are less studied, and the research scope is limited. The pharmacological researches of KXS are mainly focused on antidepressant effect, antisenile dementia, improving learning and memory ability, antifatigue, and sedation. The mechanisms involved include nervous system, immune system and endocrine system. The material basis, pharmacological effects and known mechanisms of KXS are systematically described in this paper in order to provide some ideas for the clinical application of KXS in the future.
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Objective: To observe the material basis and mechanism of action of Kai-Xin-San (KXS) in regulating antidepression of neurotrophic factors. Methods: KXS eluted by ethanol on macroporous resin was prepared. The antidepressive effect of different components was compared by tailing suspension test and forced swimming test of mice. The levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus were determined by ELISA. The rat astrocyte glioma C6 cell line and the rat adrenal pheochromocytoma PC12 cell line were used to evaluate the effects of different ethanol elution sites on the expression of NGF and BDNF and the differentiation of PC12 cells.Results: All of the ethanol elution components from KXS exerted anti-depressive effects by shorting the immobile time of tailing suspension and forced swimming of mice and 70％ ethanol elution components exerted best efficacy. This site also could increase expressions of NGF and BDNF on C6 glioma cell line. The 10％ ethanol elution site had the strongest ability to promote PC12 cell differentiation. Ginsenosides were the main effectuve ingredients for promoting the expression of neurotrophic factors. Conclusion: Regulation of neurotrophic factors might be the prominent action mechanism of KXS exerting anti-depressive effects.
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The study was designed to explore the active components and mechanism of Kai Xin San in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) based on network pharmacology. All targets related to AD were researched in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and Therapeutic Targets Database (TTD). The common targets obtained by two databases were determined as candidate proteins involved in AD. All active components related to Kai Xin San were researched from ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion). PharmMapper was used to obtain the primary candidate targets of Kai Xin San. The corresponding gene name of each target protein was obtained from the UniProt database and selected human target proteins. Finally, the target proteins related to AD by Kai Xin San were acquired; Cytoscape 3.5.1 was used to construct the topology analysis for the active ingredient-AD target interaction network of Kai Xin San. According to STRING database and DAVID annotation databases, Gene Ontology enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of the targets was performed. The network pharmacology analysis results were verified by Discovery Studio molecular docking software. There were 31 components meeting the conditions of ADME and 8 targets relating to AD. Thirteen kinds of biological process, 7 related to molecular function and 11 related to cellar components, were included in 31 GO entries. There were 5 KEGG pathways, involving the calcium signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The docking results of Discovery Studio showed that active ingredients of Kai Xin San and the positive controls all have good binding activity with important targets. In conclusion, the Kai Xin San as applied for treating AD has the advantages of multi-components and targets, to investigate the active components and mechanism of Kai Xin San for treating AD based on network pharmacology to eludicate possible studies of the mechanisms of action.
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Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Fu San Zhen (acupuncture at three abdominal acupoints) plus Xing Nao Kai Qiao (brain-awakening and orifice-opening) needling in treating urinary incontinence after cerebral infarction. Method Sixty patients with urinary incontinence after cerebral infarction were randomized into an experimental group of 20 cases and a control group of 20 cases. The experimental group was intervened by Fu San Zhen [Qihai (CV6) and bilateral Shuidao (ST28)] plus Xing Nao Kai Qiao needling by selecting Shuigou (GV26), Neiguan (PC6) and Sanyinjiao (SP6). The control group was intervened by ordinary acupuncture [Zhongji (CV3), Qihai (CV6), Shenshu (BL23) and Pangguangshu (BL28)] plus Xing Nao Kai Qiao needling method by selecting Shuigou (GV26), Neiguan (PC6) and Sanyinjiao (SP6). The maximum bladder capacity, residual urine volume and the score of International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short-form (ICIQ-SF) of the two groups were observed before and after the intervention, and the clinical efficacies were also compared. Result After the intervention, the maximum bladder capacity, residual urine volume and the score of ICIQ-SF were significantly changed in both groups (P<0.01). There were significantly statistical differences in comparing the maximum bladder capacity, residual urine volume and the score of ICIQ-SF between the two groups after the treatment (P<0.01). The total effective rate was 95.0％ in the experimental group versus 75.0％ in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion Fu San Zhen plus Xing Nao Kai Qiao needling can produce a more significant efficacy in treating urinary incontinence compared to ordinary acupuncture plus Xing Nao Kai Qiao needling.
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Purpose To clarify the role of KAI1/CD82 in metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinom and to evaluate the clinical efficacy of KAI1/CD82-expressing EPCs in the prevention of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Method Umbilical vein-derived EPCs were infected with KAI1/CD82-expressing lenti-virus to get a KAI1/CD82-overexpressing EPC cell line (KAI1/CD82-EPCs).A xenograft mouse model of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma was established,and KAI1/CD82-EPCs were injected through the tail vein.The effect of the KAI1/CD82-EPCs on growth and metastasis of the xenograft was observed.Results Time required for tumor formation was 14.70 ± 3.81,15.05 ±3.85,14.20 ± 3.55 days respectively for the EPCs,EPCs-NC,and KAI1/CD82-EPCs groups,with no significant difference among the three groups (P =0.771).Weight of the xenograft was (1.388 ±0.204) g,(1.487 ±0.223) g,(1.485 ±0.234) g respectively for the EPCs,EPCs-NC,and KAI1/CD82-EPCs groups,with no significant difference (P =0.274).Rate of lung metastasis was 55％,45％ and 10％ for the EPCs,EPCs-NC,and KAI1/CD82-EPC groups,and the difference was significant (P =0.005).Number of metastatic lesions was 34.27 ± 5.35,38.44 ± 9.63,17.50 ± 3.54 for the three groups,and the difference was also significant (P =0.007).Immunohistochemistry indicated positive KAI1/CD82 expression in metastatic lesion of the KAI1/CD82-EPCs group,but no KAI1/CD82 expression in the EPCs group or EPCs-NC group.Conclusion KAI1/CD82-expressing EPCs inhibits lung metastasis of the xenograft mouse model of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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“Pushing meridians to treat viscera diseases” by Xiangxi Liu’s infantile tuina in treating infantile enuresis is based on the related meridians-viscera, the generation-inhibition of five elements as well as the infantile physiological and pathological characteristics, utilizing the theory of“pushing the five meridians, adjusting the five viscera”. Specific reforcing and clearing (reducing) operation and frequency of operation are determined by the syndrome differentiation, with the purpose of cureness.
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Objective To observe the effect ofXing Nao Kai Qiao (awakening brain and opening orifice) needling method on the cognitive and motor function of patients in acute stage of cerebral infarction.Method Sixty-four patients in acute stage of cerebra infarction were recruited and randomized into a trial group and a control group, 32 cases in each group. The control group was intervened by Edaravone 30 mg plus Fibrinogenase injection 200 U mixed in 500 mL 0.9% NaCl via intravenous drip, once a day. The trial group was byXing Nao Kai Qiao needling method in addition to the intervention given to the control group, once a day, 5 times a week. The two groups were both given 2-week successive treatment. At the end of the intervention, clinical efficacy, cognitive function, motor function, nervous function, serum C-reactive protein and NO levels, and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared.Result After the treatment, the Chinese Stroke Scale (CSS) score dropped significantly, Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA) score, Barthel Index (BI) score and motor function score of both upper and lower limbs increased significantly in both groups (P<0.05); the total effective rate of the trial group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05); the CSS score was lower, and LOTCA score, BI score, and motor function scores of both upper and lower limbs were higher in the trial group compared with those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05); on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th day after the intervention, the serum CRP and NO levels were significantly lower in the trial group compared with those in the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in comparing the adverse reaction incidence between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion Xing Nao Kai Qiao needling method can produce a significant efficacy in treating patients in acute stage of cerebral infarction, and it can improve the cognitive, motor and nervous functions with high security.
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Objective To observe the effect ofXing Nao Kai Qiao (awakening brain and opening orifice) needling method on the cognitive and motor function of patients in acute stage of cerebral infarction.Method Sixty-four patients in acute stage of cerebra infarction were recruited and randomized into a trial group and a control group, 32 cases in each group. The control group was intervened by Edaravone 30 mg plus Fibrinogenase injection 200 U mixed in 500 mL 0.9% NaCl via intravenous drip, once a day. The trial group was byXing Nao Kai Qiao needling method in addition to the intervention given to the control group, once a day, 5 times a week. The two groups were both given 2-week successive treatment. At the end of the intervention, clinical efficacy, cognitive function, motor function, nervous function, serum C-reactive protein and NO levels, and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared.Result After the treatment, the Chinese Stroke Scale (CSS) score dropped significantly, Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA) score, Barthel Index (BI) score and motor function score of both upper and lower limbs increased significantly in both groups (P<0.05); the total effective rate of the trial group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05); the CSS score was lower, and LOTCA score, BI score, and motor function scores of both upper and lower limbs were higher in the trial group compared with those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05); on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th day after the intervention, the serum CRP and NO levels were significantly lower in the trial group compared with those in the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in comparing the adverse reaction incidence between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion Xing Nao Kai Qiao needling method can produce a significant efficacy in treating patients in acute stage of cerebral infarction, and it can improve the cognitive, motor and nervous functions with high security.
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Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Tiao Shen Kai Yu (regulating mind and anti-depression) needling plus mental intervention in treating mild post-stroke depression. Method A total of 100 eligible subjects with mild post-stroke depression were randomized into a control group and an observation group, 50 cases in each group. The two groups were both intervened by basic treatment, while the control group was additionally given mental intervention and the observation group was given Tiao Shen Kai Yu needling plus mental intervention. The two groups were treated once a day, 5 times a week, for 30 d in total. The Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) were observed before and after the treatment. Result The HAMD scores were both significantly improved in the two groups after the treatment (P<0.01), and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The SDS scores were significantly improved after the treatment in both groups (P<0.01), and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion Tiao Shen Kai Yu needling plus mental intervention can more effectively improve mild post-stroke depression than single mental intervention.
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Using a UHPLC-TOF/MS method combined with software of Masslynx V4.1 and database in the literatures, a total of 20 polygala oligosaccharide esters (POEs) were identified in 60% ethanol extract of Kai Xin San (KXS-60%E). Furthermore, 14 POEs as well as 4 POE-metabolites were identified in rat plasma. The results revealed that POEs and POE-metabolites which were identified in rat plasma, were key components in KXS-60%E and the potential bioactive compounds for KXS action in the treatment of AD.
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[bjective]The paper summarizes the academic thoughts and clinical experience of Professor HAN Xinmin for treating Hp related anorexia in preschool children.[Methods] By learning from Professor HAN Xinmin, recording the relevant cases and analyzing typical cases, to sum up the knowledge of etiology and pathogenesis, treatment characteristics, as well as list one proved case.[Results] Professor HAN Xinmin holds that this disease is caused by exogenous damp heat, and the pathogenesis is damp heat invading the spleen and stomach. There are two kinds of syndromes: dampness heat trapping spleen and spleen deficiency dampness retention. The treatment emphasizes the clearing away heat and dampness and moving the spleen for good appetite. Huo Pu Xia Ling Decoction and Yun Pi Kai Wei Decoction have achieved a satisfactory clinical curative effect. [Conclusion] Therapies of Professor HAN Xinmin in treating Hp related anorexia in preschool children have significant effect, which has the value of popularization and application.
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Objective To compare the clinical efficacies of Xing Nao Kai Qiao (brain-awakening orifice-opening) needling method intervened at different time points in treating hemorrhagic stroke,for seeking the optimal intervention time.Method Ninety-six patients with hemorrhagic stroke were divided into group A,B,C and D by the disease duration,24 cases in each group.Group A was intervened by conventional medication;group B,C and D were all intervened by Xing Nao Kai Qiao needling in addition to the treatment given to group A.In group B,the disease duration range was 3-7 d;in group C,the disease duration range was 8-14 d;in group D,the disease duration range was 15-21 d.Before the intervention,and after 14-day and 28-day treatment,the scores of National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS),modified Barthel Index (MBI) [score of Activities of Daily Living (ADL)],and symptoms and signs of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) were evaluated.Result After 28-day treatment,the scores of NIHSS,ADL,and TCM symptoms and signs were significantly changed in all four groups compared to those before the treatment (P＜0.05).The scores ofNIHSS,ADL,and TCM symptoms and signs in group B were significantly different from those in group A after 28-day treatment (P＜0.01,P＜0.05).The NIHSS scores in group C and D were significantly different from the score in group A respectively after 14-day and 28-day treatment (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).After 28-day treatment,the NIHSS score in group B was significantly different from that in group D (P＜0.05).After 14-day and 28-day treatment,the scores of TCM symptoms and signs in group C were significantly different from those in group A (P＜0.05).Conclusion Xing Nao Kai Qiao needling method is an effective approach in treating hemorrhagic stroke;the earlier the intervention,the better the prognosis.
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This study was aimed to explore the antidepressant effect of Kai-Xin Jie-Yu (KXJY) prescription on depressive model of rats,and to explore the level of inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood.According to sucrose preference and weight,male SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group,model group and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) group.The model of depression was established by chronic unpredictable mild stress and separation for @@6 weeks.Body weight,sucrose preference and forced swimming test were used to evaluate the depressive state.The levels of IL-1β,IL-2,IL-6 and TNF-α in the serum of rats were measured by ELISA.The results showed that compared with the normal group,the weight,sucrose preference and total drinking water of rat model gToup were significantly reduced.The immobility time of forced swimming was significantly prolonged.The level of IL-1β,IL-2,IL-6 and TNF-α expression in serum was significantly increased.There was no significant difference between the body weight of rats in the model group and TCM group.The total amount of drinking water and sucrose preference were significantly increased.The immobility time of forced swimming was reduced.Levels of IL-1 β,IL-2,IL-6 and TNF-α expression were decreased significantly.It was concluded that KXJY prescription can improve depression symptoms in depression model of rats.It may be related to regulate the expression level of serum inflammatory cytokines.
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This study was aimed to detect the expression of miR-665 in the hippocampal of depression rat model treated with Kai-Xin Jie-Yu (KXJY) decoction and bioinformatic analysis of target genes of miR-665,in order to investigate the role of miR-665 in the pathogenesis of depression and the antidepressant mechanism of KXJY decoction.The rat model of chronic stress depression was established and then treated with KXJY decoction for 42 days.The total RNA from hippocampus tissues was extracted.And the relative expression of miR-665 in hippocampus of rats in each group was detected by RT-qPCR.TargetScan and microRNAorg databases were used to predict target genes for miR-665.DAVID database was used to classify GO function and to analyze KEGG signaling pathway of target genes.The results showed that compared with the normal group,the expression level of miR-665 in hippocampus of the model group was significantly higher with significant difference (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the model group,the expression level of miR-665 in hippocampus of Chinese medicine group and western medicine group decreased significantly with significant difference (P ＜ 0.01).The biological functions of miR-665 target genes were mainly concentrated in the response to organic substance.The signal pathway was mainly concentrated in N-Glycan biosynthesis.It was concluded that miR-665 may be involved in the pathological process of depression,by correcting the abnormal expression of miR-665,which may be one of the antidepressant mechanisms of KXJY decoction.Through the analysis and prediction of the target genes,it provided a certain direction and theoretical basis for further study on the specific mechanism of KXJY decoction intervention on miR-665.
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This article was aimed to investigate the function and mechanism of Kai-Xin Jie-Yu (KXJY) pill on depression.The depression model rats were established by chronic unpredictable mild stress and separation.The sucrose preference test and Morris water maze (MWM) were performed.The regulation effects of neural plasticity-related genes including glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β),cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB),5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptors (HTR2C),and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were determined.The results showed that among depression model rats,KXJY pill significantly increased the sucrose preference and the escape latency of MWM in a certain extent.The neural plasticity-related genes including GSK-3β and HTR2C mRNA were decreased significantly,whereas CREB and VEGF mRNA were increased significantly with the treatment of KXJY pill.It was concluded that KXJY pill had the function of reducing depression-like behavior,which might be mediated by the regulation of GSK-3β,CREB,HTR2C and VEGF.