ABSTRACT
Objective Through research on the geriatric nursing related literature in Chinese journals and medical care and elderly care combination related keywords from 1979 to 2017, this study provides the development trend of geriatric nursing research. Methods Searching articles in Wanfang, CNKI, VIP database, selecting the keywords and published time of the paper. Employing descriptive statistics to describe literatures information such as publication time, quantity of keywords, word frequency of keywords, heat degree of keywords, character of keywords and so on. Results Totally 134 791 articles were got and 58 031 articles were included in the analysis. The amount of literature growth was slow before 2005,The cumulative amount of literature in 1979-2005 was only 12.75% of the total amount of literature. After 2005, the amount of literature increased rapidly year by year. The number of literature published in 2017 has exceeded 12% . The amount of the geriatric nursing related literature was proportional to the number of people aged 65 and over in China. In the research of geriatric nursing, the content related to medical care and elderly care combination was quite dispersed, and it did not involve research at the level of Medical Association. The medical care and elderly care combination and Medical Association were new areas in the research of geriatric nursing. Conclusion The amount of the geriatric nursing related literature from 1979 to 2017 was proportional to the number of people aged 65 and over in China. There are few researches on how to carry out geriatric nursing under the policy of medical care and elderly care combination and Medical Association, which should be the focus of future research and exploration to actively respond to the challenge of aging population.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#Through research on the geriatric nursing related literature in Chinese journals and medical care and elderly care combination related keywords from 1979 to 2017, this study provides the development trend of geriatric nursing research.@*Methods@#Searching articles in Wanfang, CNKI, VIP database, selecting the keywords and published time of the paper. Employing descriptive statistics to describe literatures information such as publication time, quantity of keywords, word frequency of keywords, heat degree of keywords, character of keywords and so on.@*Results@#Totally 134 791 articles were got and 58 031 articles were included in the analysis. The amount of literature growth was slow before 2005, The cumulative amount of literature in 1979-2005 was only 12.75% of the total amount of literature. After 2005, the amount of literature increased rapidly year by year. The number of literature published in 2017 has exceeded 12%. The amount of the geriatric nursing related literature was proportional to the number of people aged 65 and over in China. In the research of geriatric nursing, the content related to medical care and elderly care combination was quite dispersed, and it did not involve research at the level of Medical Association. The medical care and elderly care combination and Medical Association were new areas in the research of geriatric nursing.@*Conclusion@#The amount of the geriatric nursing related literature from 1979 to 2017 was proportional to the number of people aged 65 and over in China. There are few researches on how to carry out geriatric nursing under the policy of medical care and elderly care combination and Medical Association, which should be the focus of future research and exploration to actively respond to the challenge of aging population.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify the research trends of articles published in the Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research from 2000 to 2017 by a text network analysis using keywords. METHODS: This study analyzed 600 articles. The R program was used for text mining that extracted frequency, centrality rank, and keyword network. RESULTS: From 2000 to 2009, keywords with high-frequency were ‘nurse’, ‘pain’, ‘anxiety’, ‘knowledge’, ‘attitude’, and so on. ‘Pain’, ‘nurse’, and ‘knowledge’ showed a high centrality. ‘Fatigue’ showed no high frequency but a high centrality. Keywords such as ‘nurse’, ‘knowledge’, and ‘pain’ also showed high frequency and centrality between 2010 and 2017. ‘Hemodialysis’ and ‘intensive care unit’ were added to keywords with high frequency and centrality during the period. CONCLUSION: The frequency and centrality of keywords such as ‘nurse’, ‘pain’, ‘knowledge’, ‘hemodialysis’, and ‘intensive care unit’ reflect the research trends in clinical nursing between 2000 and 2017. Further studies need to expand the keyword networks by connecting the main keywords.
Subject(s)
Clinical Nursing Research , Data Mining , Nursing , Nursing ResearchABSTRACT
Escape from anti-tumor immunity is critical for tumor survival and progression.Tumor cells can suppress the anti-tumor im-mune response via recruitment of various immune cell populations or expression of inhibitory molecular factors.Esophageal cancer is a deadly disease,ranking the sixth among all cancers in mortality.Despite advances in diagnosis and therapy,esophageal cancer still has a poor prognosis.Investigation of the immune escape mechanism can provide new insights for the treatment of esophageal can-cer.This article provides an overview of the mechanism of tumor immune escape as well as research progress in esophageal cancer.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the association between grade 3 hand-foot syndrome(HFS)in colorectal cancer(CRC)patients treated with capecitabine and variation of cytidine deaminase(CDA)genes.Methods:The polymorphisms of the key gene CDA in-volved in capecitabine metabolism were genotyped and 149 CRC patients were included in this study.The association between these polymorphisms and susceptibility to HFS were analyzed.Additionally,peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)of 91 CRC patients were collected for mRNA expression analysis, and the levels of mRNA expression according to different CDA genotypes were com-pared.Results:The prevalence of the polymorphism-451G>A,which is located in the promoter region of CDA,were correlated with HFS. The results were as follows: GG genotype, 109 cases (73.15%); GA genotype, 38 cases (25.50%); and AA genotype, 2 cases (1.36%).The minor allele frequency of-451G>A was 0.14.The distribution of the three genotypes were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium(P=0.516).Logistic analysis indicated that GA/AA genotypes were associated with grade 3 HFS(odds ratio=2.53, P=0.011).Additionally,another insert polymorphism-33delC located in the promoter region of CDA was in linkage disequilibrium with-451G>A (D'=0.92). Of the 91 PBMC mRNA expression analyses, the GA/AA genotype of-451G>A was associated with higher CDA mRNA expression compared with GG genotypes(4.01±0.53 vs.3.13±0.61,P<0.001).Conclusions:The polymorphism-451G>A of CDA may influence occurance of grade 3 HFS induced by capecitabine by influencing CDA mRNA expression.
ABSTRACT
Objective:The role of induction chemotherapy(IC)and preferred regimens is not very clear in non-endemic nasopharyn-geal carcinoma(NPC)in northern China.Methods:A total of 170 pathologically proven locoregional advanced NPCs between January 2012 and December 2014 were included in this analysis.One hundred and twenty-six were men and 44 patients were women.Accord-ing to the American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)7th stage system,48 patients were T1-2 and 77 patients were T3-4;48 patients were N0-1 and 122 patients were N2-3;27 patients were stageⅡ,105 patients were stageⅢ,and 38 patients were stage IVa-b.Re-sults:The median follow-up time was 34 months.The 3-year overall survival(OS),locoregional failure-free survival(LRFS),distant me-tastasis-free survival(DMFS),and disease-free survival(DFS)were 82.8%,91.5%,76.7%,and 69.1%,respectively.Multivariate analyses showed that IC with TPF(docetaxel,carboplatin,and fluorouracil)or TP(docetaxel and cisplatin)presented superior DFS and DMFS compared with PF(cisplatin+5-FU)[DFS-hazard ratio(HR):1.820,95% confidence interval(CI):1.013-3.271,P=0.045;DMFS-HR:2.240, 95% CI:1.017-4.090,P=0.045].Conclusions:The IC regimens appeared to affect patients' outcomes,and TP-containing IC regimens conferred better DFS and DMFS than PF regimens.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the agonistic CD40 antibody(CD40ScFv and CD40mAb)-mediated suppression of mouse breast cancer cell growth and change in tumor tissue Th1/Th2 balance,as well as the mechanism underlying its antitumor effect.Methods:The re-combinant plasmid containing the CD40ScFv gene fragment was transformed into the Rosetta strain of Escherichia coli to express and purify the recombinant functional CD40ScFv protein.The 4T1 mouse breast cancer cells were cultured in vitro.Balb/C tumor model mice were divided into CD40ScFv,CD40mAb agonist,and saline(NS group)groups,which were administered CD40ScFv,CD40mAb ago-nist,and saline,respectively,to observe the change in tumor volume.The tumor tissues were removed and enzyme-linked immunosor-bent assay(ELISA)was used to determine IL-12 concentration in the tumor tissue supernatants.The tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs)were extracted by enzymatic digestion.The proportion of Th1 and Th2 cells in TILs was determined by flow cytometry.Results:The CD40ScFv protein was successfully identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blot.The molecular size and concentration of the purified protein were 27kDa and 1.12 mg/mL,respectively.The tumor sizes of the CD40ScFv and CD40mAb groups were(3.044±0.239)cm3and(2.749±0.261)cm3,respectively,which were significantly smaller(P<0.05)than that of the NS group(3.933±0.326)cm3.The tumor IL-12 concentration(determined by ELISA)in the CD40ScFv group(396.27±48.13)pg/mL and the CD40mAb agonist group(457.63±58.37)pg/mL were significantly higher(P<0.05)than that of the NS group(79.51±14.97) pg/mL.The results of flow cytometry showed that the excited Th1/Th2 cell ratios were 6.32±0.87 and 5.54±0.71 for the CD40ScFv and CD40mAb groups,respectively,which were significantly higher(P<0.05)than that of the NS group(1.79±0.38).Conclusions:The agonis-tic CD40 antibody inhibited tumor growth by regulating the Th1/Th2 ratio and IL-12 secretion via promotion of DC activation,which is one of the important mechanisms affecting Th1/Th2 balance in the tumor microenvironment
ABSTRACT
This research team extracted keywords from 953 papers published in the Journal of Dental Hygiene Science from 2001 to 2018 for keyword and centrality analyses using the Keyword Network Analysis method. Data were analyzed using Excel 2016 and NetMiner Version 4.4.1. By conducting a deeper analysis between keywords by overall keyword and time frame, we arrived at the following conclusions. For the 17 years considered for this study, the most frequently used words in a dental science paper were “Health,”“Oral,”“Hygiene,” and “Hygienist.” The words that form the center by connecting major words in the Journal of Dental Hygiene through the upper-degree centrality words were “Health,”“Dental,”“Oral,”“Hygiene,” and “Hygienist.” The upper betweenness centrality words were “Dental,”“Health,”“Oral,”“Hygiene,” and “Student.” Analysis results of the degree centrality words per period revealed “Health” (0.227), “Dental” (0.136), and “Hygiene” (0.136) for period 1; “Health” (0.242), “Dental” (0.177), and “Hygiene” (0.113) for period 2; “Health” (0.200), “Dental” (0.176), and “Oral” (0.082) for period 3; and “Dental” (0.235), “Health” (0.206), and “Oral” (0.147) for period 4. Analysis results of the betweenness centrality words per period revealed “Oral” (0.281) and “Health” (0.199) for period 1; “Dental” (0.205) and “Health” (0.169) for period 2, with the weight then dispersing to “Hygiene” (0.112), “Hygienist” (0.054), and “Oral” (0.053); “Health” (0.258) and “Dental” (0.246) for period 3; and “Oral” (0.364), “Health” (0.353), and “Dental” (0.333) for period 4. Based on the above results, we hope that further studies will be conducted in the future with diverse study subjects.
Subject(s)
Hope , Methods , Oral HygieneABSTRACT
MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey has been widely recognized, but the application in the field of traditional Chinese medicine rheumatism was less. This article aimed to summarize the application of MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey in Chinese medicine for rheumatism. This may provide certain reference for the future application.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacokinetics of triptolide in Tripterygium glycosides tablet in normal rats and adju-vant arthritis model rats in vivo,and provide reference for clinical rational drug use. METHODS:12 SD rats were randomly divid-ed into normal group and model group,6 in each group. Model group was subcutaneously injected complete Freund's adjuvant 0.1 mL to induce adjuvant arthritis model,normal group was subcutaneously injected the same volume of saline. After 14 d model-ing,2 groups were given Tripterygium glycosides tablet suspension 96 mg/kg intragastrically,the blood sample of eyes 0.4 mL were respectively taken before and 10,30,45,60,90,120,150,180,240,300,420 min after administration. The plasma con-centration of triptolide was determined by HPLC,the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS 2.0 software,and the parameters were compared. RESULTS:The pharmacokinetic parameters of triptolide in normal group were cmax of(1.139±0.114)μg/mL,tmax of(2.167±0.606)h,t1/2α of(5.500±3.610)h,AUC0-7 h of(5.052±0.371)μg·h/mL,MRT0-7 h of(3.224±0.119)h, and CL of(11.616±2.986)mL/h;and those in model group were cmax of(0.916±0.103)μg/mL,tmax of(3.083±0.801)h,t1/2αof(5.593±1.795)h,AUC0-7 h of(4.707±0.347)μg·h/mL,MRT0-7 h of(3.429±0.139)h,and CL of(11.246±2.638) mL/h. Compared with normal group,cmax in model group was significantly decreased,tmax and MRT0-7 h were significantly prolonged(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Adjuvant arthritis can affect the pharmacokinetics of triptolide in rats in vivo,and promote its absorption and removal.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo assess China’s newly evolved hot spots and novelty of structural electronic medical record in TCM field.Methods Articles about electronic medical record in TCM field were retrieved from CNKI from January 2000 to December 2015, focusing on researchers, research institutes, and key words for bibliometric analysis. Then visualization software CiteSpace was used to establish co-occurrence network.ResultsThe top 3 productive authors were LIU Bao-yan (13 articles), ZHANG Run-shun (8 articles), XIE Qi (7 articles), and ZHOU Xue-zhong (7 articles). Institutes highly cooperated with others included China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Information Engineering College of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine and The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine. The major clusters were TCM diagnosis (#0), China’s TCM information (#1), artificial intelligence (#2), medical record management (#3), and medical laboratory department (#4). The representative keywords involved electronic medical record, TCM hospital, data mining, telemedicine, and artificial intelligence. ConclusionIn the field of TCM electronic medical record, cooperation is not sufficiently facilitated among researchers and institutes. Research hot spots are not formed and novelty is not obvious, which is probably because of the overall status quo for China’s TCM information construction.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the etiological analysis and diagnostic value of nasopharyngeal endoscopy in children with upper airway cough syndrome. Method The results of nasopharyngeal endoscopy in 120 children diagnosed with upper airway cough syndrome from January 2014 to December 2016 were analyzed. Results Of the 132 cases, 125 cases (94.70％) with upper airway lesions were found, and among the 125 cases, 43 cases (32.58％) had sinusitis, 32 cases (24.24％) had chronic rhinitis (including allergic rhinitis), 13 cases (9.85％) had adenoid hypertrophy, 11 cases (8.33％) had chronic pharyngitis, chronic tonsillitis (tonsil hypertrophy) 9 cases (6.82％). The distribution of upper airway lesions was different in different age groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Nasopharyngeal endoscopy in the upper airway cough syndrome etiology analysis and diagnosis can be accurate and timely detection of local airway lesions, clinical diagnosis and treatment to provide good help. It is a safe and effective examination method, worthy of clinically promotion.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To optimize the drug storage position management in automatic dispensing machine,and improve the dispensing efficiency. METHODS:The orbital utilization rate of drugs in automatic dispensing machine was calculated,the opti-mum value of orbital utilization rate was set up to adjust the drug varieties and numbers of storage tracks for continually optimizing the storage position management. Dispensing rates of automatic dispensing machines and real-time dispensing windows with fully automated deployment before (Mar.-Jun. 2016) and after (Jul.-Oct. 2016) optimization were statistically analyzed and compared. RESULTS:The optimum value of orbital utilization rate was set up as 67%. Drugs more than the value were increased the num-bers of storage tracks,while drugs less than the value was decreased the numbers of storage tracks or removed out of dispensing machines. From Mar. to Oct. 2016,2 dispensing machines in our hospital adjusted 75 varieties and 127 orbits in total,storage num-bers was increased by 158 boxes. Compared with before optimization (Mar.),dispensing rate of automatic dispensing machines was increased from 73.7% to 81.3% after optimization(Oct.),dispensing rate of real-time dispensing window was increased from 39.8% to 51.8%(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Applying the orbital utilization rate algorithm for adjusting drug variety and track number in machine can effectively and continually optimize the drug storage position,increase the storage capacity in machine, make full use of automatic equipments and improve the dispensing efficiency.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effect of ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block used in laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer in elderly patients on postoperative analgesic and impact on immune function. Methods Sixty cases need laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer in elderly patients with admission order number to take the digital randomized method was divided into abdominal transverse muscle block group and saline control group. The transversus abdominis plane block group underwent ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block after induction of general anesthesia while accepted intravenous injection of 0.25%ropivacaine hydrochloride of 30 ml; Saline control group took equal volume intravenous saline. After operation all were given analgesia pump: Sufentanil 1.00 μg/kg + Ondansetron 16.00 mg + Dezocine 10.00 mg + saline to configure for 100 ml, and set 2 ml/h and 15 min of automatic control time. To observe visual analogue score (VAS) and related indexes of hemodynamics before anesthesia (T0), 1 h after operation (T1), 12 h after operation (T2), 24 h after operation (T3) and 48 h after operation (T4) between two groups; Record 24 h analgesia pressing times and total postoperative Sufentanil; And take venous blood to measure CD4+%, CD8+% level by flow cytometry and determinate interferon gamma (IFN-γ) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Then compare postoperative adverse reactions of two groups. Results Compared with saline control group,transversus abdominis plane block group' MAP decreased in T1, T2, and HR decreased in T2 and T3 (P < 0.05). Transversus abdominis plane block groups' MAP in T1 was higher than T0, and HR in T1, T2 was higher than that of T0 (P < 0.05). Compared with saline control group, transversus abdominis plane block group' VAS scores were lower at the T1, T2, T3, T4, else postoperative 24 h pressing times and amount of Sufentanil were decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with saline control group, transversus abdominis plane block group' CD4+% levels increased in T1, T2, T3 and T4, IFN-γ levels in T2, T3 points were higher (P < 0.05). Compared with the saline control group, transversus abdominis plane block group' rate of adverse reactions was lower (P < 0.05). Conclusion Ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block used in laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer in elderly patients has better postoperative analgesic effect, stable hemodynamics and less postoperative pain, and it has protective effect on immune function and lower incidence of adverse reactions, so clinical application is safety.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To optimize the drug storage position management in automatic dispensing machine,and improve the dispensing efficiency. METHODS:The orbital utilization rate of drugs in automatic dispensing machine was calculated,the opti-mum value of orbital utilization rate was set up to adjust the drug varieties and numbers of storage tracks for continually optimizing the storage position management. Dispensing rates of automatic dispensing machines and real-time dispensing windows with fully automated deployment before (Mar.-Jun. 2016) and after (Jul.-Oct. 2016) optimization were statistically analyzed and compared. RESULTS:The optimum value of orbital utilization rate was set up as 67%. Drugs more than the value were increased the num-bers of storage tracks,while drugs less than the value was decreased the numbers of storage tracks or removed out of dispensing machines. From Mar. to Oct. 2016,2 dispensing machines in our hospital adjusted 75 varieties and 127 orbits in total,storage num-bers was increased by 158 boxes. Compared with before optimization (Mar.),dispensing rate of automatic dispensing machines was increased from 73.7% to 81.3% after optimization(Oct.),dispensing rate of real-time dispensing window was increased from 39.8% to 51.8%(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Applying the orbital utilization rate algorithm for adjusting drug variety and track number in machine can effectively and continually optimize the drug storage position,increase the storage capacity in machine, make full use of automatic equipments and improve the dispensing efficiency.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effect of ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block used in laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer in elderly patients on postoperative analgesic and impact on immune function. Methods Sixty cases need laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer in elderly patients with admission order number to take the digital randomized method was divided into abdominal transverse muscle block group and saline control group. The transversus abdominis plane block group underwent ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block after induction of general anesthesia while accepted intravenous injection of 0.25%ropivacaine hydrochloride of 30 ml; Saline control group took equal volume intravenous saline. After operation all were given analgesia pump: Sufentanil 1.00 μg/kg + Ondansetron 16.00 mg + Dezocine 10.00 mg + saline to configure for 100 ml, and set 2 ml/h and 15 min of automatic control time. To observe visual analogue score (VAS) and related indexes of hemodynamics before anesthesia (T0), 1 h after operation (T1), 12 h after operation (T2), 24 h after operation (T3) and 48 h after operation (T4) between two groups; Record 24 h analgesia pressing times and total postoperative Sufentanil; And take venous blood to measure CD4+%, CD8+% level by flow cytometry and determinate interferon gamma (IFN-γ) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Then compare postoperative adverse reactions of two groups. Results Compared with saline control group,transversus abdominis plane block group' MAP decreased in T1, T2, and HR decreased in T2 and T3 (P < 0.05). Transversus abdominis plane block groups' MAP in T1 was higher than T0, and HR in T1, T2 was higher than that of T0 (P < 0.05). Compared with saline control group, transversus abdominis plane block group' VAS scores were lower at the T1, T2, T3, T4, else postoperative 24 h pressing times and amount of Sufentanil were decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with saline control group, transversus abdominis plane block group' CD4+% levels increased in T1, T2, T3 and T4, IFN-γ levels in T2, T3 points were higher (P < 0.05). Compared with the saline control group, transversus abdominis plane block group' rate of adverse reactions was lower (P < 0.05). Conclusion Ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block used in laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer in elderly patients has better postoperative analgesic effect, stable hemodynamics and less postoperative pain, and it has protective effect on immune function and lower incidence of adverse reactions, so clinical application is safety.
ABSTRACT
En esta investigación, se pretendió averiguar la influencia de la mnemotecnia de la palabra clave en el recuerdo y en los juicios metamnemónicos: juicios de facilidad de aprendizaje (EOL), juicios de aprendizaje (JOL) y juicios de confianza (CL), tanto en una lista corta de 16 palabras latinas (Experimento 1) como en una lista larga de 32 palabras latinas (Experimento 2). Tanto en el Experimento 1 como en el Experimento 2 se efectuó un diseño experimental de dos grupos independientes. En el Experimento 1 participaron 88 mujeres, con una media de edad de 74.34 años. En el 2, participó un grupo de 84 mujeres, de una edad similar al anterior. En ambos experimentos se realizó una prueba t de Student para muestras independientes. En el Experimento 1, se encontró que el método de la palabra clave fue superior al método de repetición en el recuerdo y en los juicios de confianza en la respuesta (CL). En el Experimento 2, se halló que el método de la palabra clave fue significativamente superior al método de repetición en el recuerdo y en todos los juicios metamnemónicos estudiados. El método de la palabra clave fue más eficaz que el método de repetición.
This study consisted of two experiments designed to assess the efficacy of the keyword mnemonic technique on recall and the following mnemonic judgments: ease of learning (EOL), judgments of learning (JOL), and confidence level (CL) using a short word list i.e., 16 Latin words (Experiment 1), or a long word list, 32 Latin words (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1 an experimental design with two independent groups was performed, involving 88 women, mean age 74.34 years, a Student's t-test for independent groups was performed and the keyword method was found to be more efficacious than the rote learning method on recall and confidence level judgments (CL). In Experiment 2 an experimental design with two independent groups was performed, involving 84 women of similar age, a Student's t-test for independent groups was performed, and the keyword method was significantly more efficacious than the rote learning method on recall and all of the mnemonic judgments under study. The keyword method was more effective than the rote learning method.
Subject(s)
Aged , Metacognition , LearningABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To understand the status of the use of national essential medicines,and provides reference for further implementing the national essential medicine system and promoting the priority use of national essential medicines. METHODS:Ac-cording to the statistics analysis of the use of national essential medicines(for example the antihypertensives and oral hypoglycemic agents)in Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou areas,the related influential factors about priority use of national essential medicines were explored. RESULTS:The proportions of use amount of national essential medicines in our hospital in 2012-2013 to the total amount of medicines were 21.20% and 18.75%,respectively,with a downtrend;the proportion of antihypertension drugs to total amount was only 14.05%and 13.70%,respectively;compared with the same generic drugs with individual pricing,the GMP prod-ucts of Valsartan capsule,Bisoprilol tablet and Amlodipine tablet had no advantages in DDDs,or even lower. DDDs of individual pricing drugs of Acarbose tablet in medical institutions in Beijing area and tertiary hospitals in Shanghai and Guangzhou area in 2011-2012 were much higher than the generic GMP products with the same generic drugs. CONCLUSIONS:The clinical use of na-tional essential medicines in our hospital and parts of the country still remains to be further improved,the influential factors includ-ed reimbursement mechanism,awareness rate of related knowledge,physicians’habit to drug use and pursuing economic benefits. The propaganda and training should be strengthened,awareness rate of medical staff and publics to national essential medicines, the availability of national essential medicines and national essential medicine system and medicare reimbursement payment policy should be improved,and the priority use of national essential medicines should be promoted by more measures combination use.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To provide references for rational application of full-automatic tablet dispensing machine in the inpa-tient pharmacy of the hospital. METHODS:According to the work flow and use of the machine,the errors and problems arising from the use thereof by our hospital were summarized and analyzed,and corresponding improvement measures and solutions were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Common errors in the use of full-automatic tablet dispensing machine included errors for the machine(including in-box drug shortage warnings accounting for 58.61% and abnormal responses to the quantity of in-box drugs accounting for 36.96%),errors caused by human factors(including errors of inputting doctor’s order and errors of pharma-cist’s adding drugs)and errors of material installation and operation. The solutions put forward are as follows as adjusting the tilt angle of the outlet mouth and controlling the quantity of the drugs added to the box to reduce the errors for the machine;two phar-macists’checking doctor’s order in the hospital information system in advance to reduce the errors caused by human factors;carry-ing out operation training for operators to reduce the errors of material installation;designating special personnel to maintain the ma-chine,etc.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To provide a reference for reducing adverse events due to off-label use of drugs and promoting ratio-nal use of intravenous drugs in Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. METHODS:The pre-scriptions of intravenous drugs in 42 wards of our hospital from Jul. 2013 to Jun. 2014 were reviewed,and then off-label use of drugs were analyzed,where statistics was made mainly to drug overdose,the use of drugs at the concentration beyond the standards (including concentrations too high and too low) and associated conditions. RESULTS:There were 622 irrational prescriptions,in-cluding 60 concerning off-label use of drugs,accounting for 9.6% of irrational prescriptions,in which 40 were involved with the concentration which was too high,accounting for the highest percentage(66.7% of prescriptions related to off-label use of drugs), 17 were related to drug overdose(28.3% thereof),and 3 were in relation to the concentration which was too low(5.0% thereof). CONCLUSIONS:Pharmacy intravenous admixture service may,through the communication between the pharmacist and the doc-tor,refuse to make up the above-mentioned prescription which was found to be irrational(including that involving in off-label use of drugs)or make up such prescription after it is modified according to the requirements as specified in the label to reduce the occur-rence of off-label use of drugs so as to promote rational drug use.