ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the prevalence and characteristic of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among the ethnic Kirghiz adult in Xinjiang Province. Methods The study was conducted based on the national health checkup in Xinjiang province during 2018. A total of 19 843 participants of Kirghiz adults in Aheqi County, Xinjiang Uygor Autonomous Region were selected for physical examination, questionnaires, blood biochemical indicators detection (FBG, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, ALT and AST) and abdominal ultrasonography. A total of 1 396 patients diagnosed with NAFLD by abdominal ultrasonography were selected as the case group, and 4 188 non-NAFLD subjects matched in age, sex and region were selected as the control group at a ratio of 1:3. The clinical characters and risk factors of NAFLD patients were analyzed. Results The overall prevalence of NALFD in Kirghiz adults was 7.0%, 7.8% in male, and 6.2% in female (standardized to 6.8%, 7.5%, and 6.0%, respectively). The prevalence in male was higher than that in female (P<0.01). The prevalence of NAFLD in the obesity, diabetes, and hypertension group was significantly increased, which was 19.0%, 20.6% and 18.5%, respectively. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), triglycerides, AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and ALT (alanine transamilase) in the NAFLD group were all higher than those in the control group (all P < 0.01). In the NAFLD group, 17.2% had another one metabolic disorder and 62.0% had another two metabolic disorders. Logistic regression analysis showed that waist circumference (OR = 4.08, 95%CI = 3.04~5.10), FBG (OR = 3.76, 95%CI = 2.86~4.93) and BMI (OR = 3.32, 95%CI = 2.16~4.38) were the main independent risk factors for NAFLD. Literacy (OR = 0.42, 95%CI = 0.24~0.69) and physical activity (OR = 0.68, 95%CI = 0.45~0.96) were protective factors. Conclusion The prevalence of NAFLD in Kirgiz adults in Xinjiang is lower than the national average. More than half of NAFLD patients are comorbidity with at least two metabolic abnormalities. WC, FBG and BMI were the independent risk factors for NAFLD, however, literacy and physical activity were protective factors.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the relationship between heart rate variability and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in Kirgiz and Han,to understand the differences between ethnic groups,at the same time to provide effective method for type 2 diabetic autonomic neuropathy.Methods 24 -h Holter recording was performed in 1 46 individuals.75 cases of T2DMconfirmed by glycolated hemoglobin(HbA1 c)were selected as observation group, Kirgiz 40 people,Han 35 people.While 71 subjects without T2DM were chosen as control group,Kirgiz 34 people, Han 37 people.The HRV indices,including standard deviation (SD)for the time between normal -to -normal complexes in the entire 24 h electrocardiographic recording(SDNN),the average of SD for the time between normal -to -normal intervals for each 5 min period(SDNN5),the percentage of adjacent RR intervals 50 ms apart(PNN50), normal RR intervals divided by RR intervals derived from the triangle index(TRIA),SD of the average normal -to -normal intervals for each 5 min period (SDANN)and root -mean square of differences of successive RR intervals (RMSSD)were compared between these groups.Results There were no significant differences in age,gender, education level and smoking between Kirgiz and Han patients.The differences were statistically significant in SDNN, SDNN5,PNN50,SDANN,TRIA(t =3.392,P =0.001 ;t =3.652,P =0.001 ;t =3.826,P =0.001 ;t =3.235,P =0.002;t =2.378,P =0.02)between patients with or without T2DMin Kirgiz population.In contrast,the mean square root of SDNN,SDNN5,PNN50,TRIA,RMSSD(t =3.498,P =0.001 ;t =3.41 4,P =0.001 ;t =2.1 05,P =0.039;t =2.1 02,P =0.039;t =3.41 3,P =0.001 )were statistically significant in Han population between T2DM patients and nondiabetic patients.There was no deference between Han and Kirgiz patients without T2DM in HRV,whereas the TRIA(t =2.887,P =0.005 )had significant difference in T2DM patients between Han and Kirgiz population. Conclusion The HRV is significantly reduced in the T2DMpatients,especially the Kirgiz.The HRV analysis using 24h Holter is a noninvasive technology to detect the T2DM.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the genetic relationship between Kirgiz individuals living in Sinkiang China and analyze the difference among Kirgiz and the other population with STR polymorphisms. Methods PCR amplification was performed using PE9700, the PCR products were typed by automated sequencer and genescan. Results A database of nine STR loci of Kirgiz was established. It shows there are at least 73 STR alleles and 191 genotypes in Kirgiz. Genotype frequencies distribution showed no deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium by χ2-test. Kirgiz was compared with the other Chinese ethnic groups, then the American Black and the White. Conclusion These results suggested that the nine STR loci and Amelogenin locus were very useful in human identification, biological archaeology and gene resource studies.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the genetic relationship between Kirgiz individuals living in Sinkiang China and analyze the difference among Kirgiz and the other population with STR polymorphisms. Methods: PCR amplification was performed using PE9700, the PCR products were typed by automated sequencer and genescan. Results: A database of nine STR loci of Kirgiz was established. It shows there are at least 73 STR alleles and 191 genotypes in Kirgiz. Genotype frequencies distribution showed no deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium by χ2 -test. Kirgiz was compared with the other Chinese ethnic groups, then the American Black and the White. Conclusion: These results suggested that the nine STR loci and Amelogenin locus were very useful in human identification, biological archaeology and gene resource studies.