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Objective:To investigate the current situation of clinical practice of cancer chemotherapy-related gastrointestinal symptoms (CGIS) management among oncology nurses in Ningxia, and to explore the correlation between CGIS management and nurses′ knowledge and attitude and medical and nursing cooperation, so as to provide evidence for improving the clinical practice of cancer patients CGIS management among oncology nurses in Ningxia.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. From January 25 to 31, 2021, the general data questionnaire and the questionnaire of clinical practice of CGIS management for cancer patients were used to survey 289 nurses in oncology department in Ningxia.Results:The scores of medical and nursing cooperation, CGIS knowledge, attitude, and CGIS management clinical practice activities of nurses in oncology department were (24.94 ± 3.20), (20.19 ± 3.82), (52.19 ± 6.17) and (129.93 ± 36.33) points, respectively. Among the scores of CGIS management clinical practice activities, gastrointestinal symptoms evaluation dimension scored the lowest, and the highest was CGIS health education dimension. There was a significant positive correlation between the scores of clinical practice of CGIS management of cancer patients and the scores of knowledge and attitude of oncology nurses ( r values were 0.225-0.293, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The clinical practice of cancer patients′CGIS management by oncology nurses needs to be improved, especially the evaluation of cancer patients′CGIS by oncology nurses. Nursing managers should formulate the activity guide of CGIS management clinical practice as soon as possible, strengthen the training of nurses′ relevant knowledge, and provide nurses with appropriate evaluation tools to improve the clinical practice of CGIS management.
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Resumen La investigación tuvo por objetivo indagar los conocimientos, las actitudes y las creencias de familias involucradas en procesos de decisión sobre la donación de órganos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio de carácter cualitativo con un diseño de tipo descriptivo e interpretativo. Participaron 14 grupos familiares de potenciales donantes y se elaboró un guion temático para el desarrollo de entrevistas a 10 de ellos que aceptaron y a 4 que rechazaron la donación. De acuerdo con los resultados, las decisiones se vieron facilitadas cuando los parientes contaban con información sobre la voluntad del donante. Quienes se opusieron desconocían la voluntad de los posibles dadores, pues no tenían comunicación específica con respecto del tema. Al interior del círculo familiar, las madres asumieron un papel relevante al momento de consentir. El acto de donar conlleva una visión positiva de generosidad y altruismo, aunque permanecen prejuicios y desconfianza en cuanto a los procedimientos y la transparencia de los profesionales y las instituciones participantes. Las personas entrevistas tuvieron dificultad para precisar la identidad de quien solicitó la donación, con marcado desconocimiento de las instituciones y normas regulatorias. Se concluyó la necesidad de reforzar en la ciudadanía la importancia de la donación de órganos, así como la transparencia y confianza institucional. El diálogo dentro del hogar sobre la voluntad de donar resulta fundamental para la toma de decisiones favorables.
Abstract The objective of the research was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of family groups involved in decision-making processes about the procurement and donation of organs. A qualitative study was carried out with a descriptive and interpretive design. Fourteen potential donor family groups participated in the study who accepted or opposed the organ donation process. A thematic script was created for the development of interviews with 10 families who accepted and 4 who rejected the donation. The results showed that decisions were made easier when the family had information about the donors wishes. Those who opposed were unaware of the will and did not have precise communication with potential givers on the matter. Within the family group, mothers assumed a relevant role at the time of the favorable definition. The act of donation carries a positive vision of generosity and altruism, although prejudices and mistrust remains regarding the procedures and transparency of the professionals and institutions that participate. The interviewees had difficulty determining the identity of the person who requested the donation, with marked ignorance of the institutions and norms that regulate this action. The importance of strengthening communication in the population about the importance of organ donation, as well as transparency and institutional trust, is concluded. Dialogue within the family about peoples willingness to donate is relevant for making a favorable decision.
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Humans , Tissue Donors , Tissue and Organ Procurement , Argentina , Asymmetry of InformationABSTRACT
Introduction@#According to the World Health Organization, 251 vaccines against coronavirus infection are under development. Although vaccination has been introduced nationwide to prevent coronavirus infection, vaccine activity varies (50-95%), and the risk of infection and complications may vary depending on the individual’s physical condition and immune activity. In addition, due to the prevalence of variant of concern, which reduces the activity of some vaccines and increases the risk of complications and mortality of COVID-19, each country and region needs to improve the knowledge and attitudes of citizens about the vaccine. there is a need to study.@*Goal@#To study the knowledge and attitudes of people who have been vaccinated against COVID-19 among the target population of Uvs province.@*Materials and methods@#The study was conducted using a descriptive method of observational research. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to collect the survey data, and the data were collected in April 2021 through a questionnaire. A random sample of 4,212 people from 11 organizations involved in the Covid-19 vaccine was randomly selected from 24 organizations, and a total of 264 people were surveyed using 12 types of Covid-19 vaccine and analyzed using SPSS software.@*Result@#According to the results of the survey, 4212 people from 11 organizations and 24 people from each organization were randomly selected from a total of 264 people. Mostly female participants (57.5%) have been included in this study. 67.4% of the respondents reported that they do not feel fear associated with vaccination and it means that most of the participants did not show any signs of panic. 91.2% participants did not have any symptoms after the vaccination. 30.4% from total participants was used anti-inflammatory or pain relief pills after vaccination at home. 45.8% of the respondents self reported that they have moderate knowledge about Covid-19 vaccine.@*Conclusion@#Overall knowledge of people from Uvs province was insufficient. However, attitude was good enough.
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Background: Leprosy has been known to the Indians since the Vedic period. Leprosy is synonymous with social stigma due to reasons like mystery around its transmission, lack of knowledge on available treatment, deformities and religious views. Prejudice and lack of knowledge about leprosy exist even among medical practitioners and healthcare professionals around the world. Considering above mentioned facts, this study was conducted to study knowledge and attitude of medical students and interns towards leprosy. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at IGGMC, Nagpur, among Third MBBS part one of 7th semester medical students who were exam going for community medicine and interns of IGGMC between October 2018 to January 2019. Questionnaire comprised of 27 knowledge-based and 22 attitude–oriented questions. In all total 210 subjects, 99 Interns and 111 students were enrolled for the study. Results: Mean age of interns was 23.52±0.66 years and that of students was 21.45±0.85 years. There was no significant difference in knowledge regarding cause and modes of transmission and clinical features of leprosy between interns and student however interns were having significant higher knowledge regarding diagnosis, treatment, prevention of deformity limitation and precaution to be taken against leprosy. Only 13(6.19%) participants were having knowledge regarding targets of NLEP that was to be achieved by year 2017. Though both interns and students both showed good attitude towards leprosy but only 34 interns and 31 students had ever rendered service or donated money for cause of leprosy. Conclusions: Knowledge regarding national program is limited in both groups, curriculum should be strengthen pertaining to National program.
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Background: The World Health Organization recommends that women be attended by skilled birth attendants (SBAs) during delivery to improve maternal and newborn health and to achieve the maternal mortality target of the sustainable development goals (SDGs). Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess the knowledge, attitude, and utilization of SBAs among women of reproductive age in a rural community in Edo State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design among a total population of women of reproductive age was carried out. Data collection was by mixed methods using a pre-tested, interviewer-administered questionnaire, and focus group discussion (FGD) Guide. Ethical clearance to conduct this study was sought and obtained from the Ethical Committee, University of Benin Teaching Hospital. Quantitative data collected were analyzed using international business machines Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21.0 while qualitative data were analyzed thematically using ATLAS.ti software. Logistic regression was applied to calculate crude odds ratios, adjusted odds ratios (AORs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and p-values of the quantitative data. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: A total number of 484 persons (comprising 465 respondents and 19 FGD participants) were surveyed. The study showed good knowledge 421 (92.1%), positive attitude 405 (88.6%), and good utilization 410 (88.2%) of SBAs. The determinants of utilization of SBAs were age (AOR: 1.086 95% CI: 1.020–1.155), knowledge of respondents (AOR: 0.034 95% CI: 0.012–0.098), and cost of services (AOR: 0.348 95% CI: 0.157–0.772). Conclusion: Knowledge, attitude, and utilization of SBAs were found to be good among the studied population. The determinants of utilization should be used as major points for international electrotechnical commission in key intervention programs.
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Background: Antibiotic resistance has become a global threat in the field of medicine. Multiple causes like antibiotic abuse, irrational usage of antibiotics, over the counter availability of antibiotics etc., have been put forth as culprit leading to antibiotic resistance. The present study aims at evaluating the knowledge, attitude and behaviour of antibiotic usage and resistance among undergraduates in South Indian teaching hospital.Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey conducted in undergraduate MBBS students including 5th to 9th semester at Department of Pharmacology. The questionnaire comprised off: Demographic data; Knowledge including 12 questions using Four-point likert scale; Attitude and behaviours consisting of 8 questions of Yes/No type. Data were analysed in the software SPSS version 24.0. Association among categorical variable were analysed with Analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc Bonferroni test.Results: Among 455, 382 students completed the survey instrument and the response rate was 87%. Statistically significant (p=0.002) results have been obtained for the correct responses of knowledge questionnaire. The order of “good knowledge” about antibiotic usage and resistance according to semesters are graded as VIII>VI>V. Unfortunately, there were no significant results seen with attitude and behaviour.Conclusions: The study concluded that, though there was adequate theoretical knowledge among undergraduate students however they lack in their attitude and behaviour regarding antibiotic usage and resistance. Therefore, they need to improve their attitude and behaviour over antibiotic usage and resistance.
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Background: The present study aimed to assess the oral health knowledge, attitude and practices of tribal schoolchildren of Gujarat, India. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 693 tribal schoolchildren were surveyed using a self-administered, structured questionnaire. Children were grouped by age into 3 groups - 1 (3-5 years), 2 (6-9 years) and 3 (10-13 years). Analysis of Variance, Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation and linear regression analysis were used to assess the relationship between oral health knowledge-attitude (KA) scores and practice (P). Results: KA and P scores were highest for Group 2, followed by Group 3. The differences between scores of Groups 1 and 2, and Groups 1 and 3 were of statistical significance (P < 0.05). Pearson correlations between KA and P scores of study population and each study groups were positive indicating P increased with increase in KA. Linear relationship is seen between KA and P, indicating that oral health knowledge and attitude is a significant variable to predict oral health practices (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The study concluded that there were deficiencies in the tribal children’s knowledge and attitude towards oral health and oral health practices. However, all knowledge was not always converted into practice. [Rajal P NJIRM 2016; 7(5):64-68]
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Background: There is an increased need to conduct medical research in developing countries. Meanwhile, research ethics is needed to achieve the balance between advancement in science and protection of human subjects’ rights. Our aim was to assess the knowledge and attitude of researchers in the Faculty of Medicine, Beni Suef University, towards applying ethical guidelines in medical research. Methodology: This was a descriptive analytical cross sectional study using a selfadministered questionnaire. Results: Around 90% of the study subjects reported previous exposure to bioethics. Only 57.7% of respondents agreed to participate in the study. More than two thirds (67.8%) of participating researchers explained possible risks & potential benefits of their research to the participants. Less than a quarter (22.3%) had published their articles in international publications and among them, only 31% were asked to submit ethical approval. Only 10% of researchers had submitted their research to the Research Ethical Committee (REC) for ethical review. More than half of investigators did not agree on the role of REC in the protection of human subjects (58.5%). Only 14.6% (19/130) and 14.7% (11/75) had an acceptable level of knowledge regarding the different codes of ethics and items of the consent form respectively. Conclusion: The knowledge of our researchers about research ethics was remarkably low and more emphasis on research ethics training is urgently needed
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Objective To identify the levels of exposure to second-hand smoking (SHS)among Chinese adults living in the urban areas and their knowledge on the risks of SHS,to support for the Smoke-free policy.Methods Data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) and the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation China Survey (ITC China Survey) was analyzed and SAS was used to calculate the rates and 95％ CI.Results In the two surveys,less than 40％ of the respondents reported that their workplaces had completely stopped smoking.Participants who reported that they had seen people smoking at various public places with different rates,also they could reflect the levels to SHS exposure.Restaurants were the venue with the heaviest overall exposure (83.4％-95.6％),followed by the workplace (53.3％-84.0％).Exposure was low in health facilities,schools and public transport venues.In the GATS survey,60.6％ smokers and 68.5％ non-smokers believed that SHS could cause lung cancer,but only one-third of the participants believed that SHS could cause heart diseases in adults.Participants in the ITC China survey reported a comparatively higher level of awareness on the harm of SHS,but only 58.2％ smokers believed that SHS could cause heart diseases in adults.Overall,data from the ITC China survey showed that participants' support for a comprehensive smoke-free policy in schools,health-related facilities,government buildings and in taxi were high (over 70％).However,the proportion of participants supporting comprehensive smoking-free policy at workplaces (50.9％-60.9％) was relatively low.Conclusion The proportion of indoor workplaces with complete smoking ban was low in urban areas but levels to SHS exposure were high.People's awareness of harms related to SHS and their attitude on setting up a comprehensive smoke-free workplace need to be improved.
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Introduction“Epidemiological study on prevalence of alcohol consumption, its patterns and alcohol related harms in Mongolia” was carried out in 2006 funded by the WHO as the first consolidated study involving a large scope of sampling. It confirmed that alcohol consumption and related harms became one of the most challenging social and public health problems in Mongolia. Moreover, recent studies provided some data and provided conclusions on high alcohol consumption rate in the population of Mongolia, particularly among adolescents. Alcohol drinking is the primary cause of cancers of the digestive organs, liver, esophagus and stomach in addition to the criminal rate associated with alcohol. Moreover, overconsumption of alcohol affects the human embryos. 58.4 percent of the parents of disabled children are alcohol addicts. (Psychiatric Health Department, UHS).GoalThe purpose of the survey is to study the alcohol consumption by the youth and students.Materials and MethodsA qualitative survey was carried out (focus group interviews, observations) combined with a survey of the target groups (students and youth) selected by random sampling. The target groups consist of students currently studying in universities, higher educational institutions and VTPCs and young unemployed persons aged 16-24. In total, 56 focus group interviews were carried out and 530 people were involved in the survey.ResultsI total, 530 students and young people were involved in the qualitative survey. 72.0 percent of them are the youth aged 16-24 studying in universities, higher educational institutions and VTPCs. This section explored the youth alcohol consumption by asking during the interviews questions such as for what purpose do you drink vodka, how much do you drink one time, what was the reason for your first drinking, what was your impression, where do you drink etc. The focus group interviewees were asked about the type of alcoholic beverages that their generation or peers use. Most of the survey participants started with beer, then try vodka, and then consume both vodka and other alcoholic beverages. A half of the survey participants answered that their peers started drinking alcohol when they were 16-18 and one of every three friends when they were 14- 16. 446 interviewees (84.1%) out of 530 participants have already tried vodka and other alcoholic beverages. 226 respondents (50.7%) who have already tried vodka and other alcoholic beverages consumed alcohol for the first time under peer pressures and influence during some parties or special occasions. One of every four interviewed persons (24.0%, 127) who have tried alcohol before reported that they liked vodka when they tried it first. However, 66.0 percent (350) reported not liking vodka at the first trial and 10.0 percent said they don’t know. Therefore knowledge on alcohol consumption needs to be provided since the school years. Most of the survey participants answered that they use very little alcoholic beverages per week when they were asked about the amount of alcoholic beverages that they drink per week. The majority of the participants who currently use vodka and other alcoholic beverages (56.0%, 177) disclosed that they drink in bars, restaurants and night clubs. (28.0%, 88) of the respondents visit their friends’ home to drink alcohol and (16.0%, 50) just drink on the street. By the social status of the interviewees who currently use vodka and other alcoholic beverages, the majority of the students drink in bars.Conclusions:Participants aged 16-24 who have been involved in the focus group interviews had the following knowledge and understanding about the vodka and other alcoholic beverages:1. Majority of the interviewees demonstrate a belief that alcoholic beverages mean the beverages with lower alcohol content such as beer and wine.2. According to their knowledge, “appropriate consumption” of vodka or other alcoholic beverages means the proper use of alcohols by adults.3. The respondents know that pregnant women, breast feeding mothers, disabled people, juvenile adolescents and drivers are prohibited to drink vodka or other alcoholic beverages.4. Many of the interviewees know that drinking vodka and other alcoholic beverages is legally prohibited to those who are driving.
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Introduction. “Epidemiological study on the non-infectious diseases, accident and injury causes, and relevant risk factors” has been carried out in 2009 by the PHI to determine the alcohol drinking circumstances, frequency and risk factors by gender, age and residency locations. 26.7 percent of this survey participants aged 15-24 used alcohol during the last 30 days, 21.4 percent drank alcohol during last 12 months. GIA, HD (formerly named as the NHDC) carried out the alcohol consumption survey involving 2021 students from the universities, higher educational institutions and general education schools in Ulaanbaatar in 2004. According to this survey results, it is evidenced that 61.0 percent of students use alcohol. The aforementioned surveys and studies were quantitative studies and generally focused on providing cultures and habits of the alcohol consumption. Youth understanding of the alcohols, alcohol’s negative impact and consequences, some social and other factors influencing to the youth consumption of alcohols have not been previously studied.Goal. The purpose of the survey is to study the knowledge, attitude and tendency of the youth towards alcohol and its negative impact, consequences pertaining to the alcohol consumption by the youth and students.Materials and Methods. Qualitative survey has been carried out (focus group interview, observation) and survey target groups’ (students and youth), random selection methods. Target group consists of the students currently studying at the universities, higher educational institutions and VTPCs and unemployed youth aged 16-24. Total of 56 focus group interviews were carried out and totally 530 people were involved in the survey.Results. Totally 530 students and youth were involved in this qualitative survey. 72.0 percent of them are the youth aged 16-24 studying at the universities, higher educational institutions and VTPCs. 67.0 percent (355) of total respondents involved in the survey provided negative responses for the question “in your opinion, what is the vodka”. Vodka is useless chemical substance with negative impacts on human body. Without proper consumption, it can become a poison. It can venom not only body but also the heart and soul. Generally, vodka is one type of instruments to make human beings poor.Focus group interview, 20-24 years old, Female, Orkhon provinceVery small amount of participants involved in the interview responded positively to the question “what is the vodka” - such as the best of food, fluid with 380Ñ alcohol etc. 79.0 percent (419) of the survey respondents answered that alcohol consumption rate in our country is “higher” compared to other countries indicator. A half of total survey participants (272) considered lesser consumption of alcohol for personal use means “appropriate use of alcohol”. Some participants said that it is appropriate use if vodka is served 100-300 gram or 1-3 cups of beers for one serve. Some participants defined the adults as the people aged 18- 50. Most of them said that elders shall become role model if they don’t use vodka or other alcoholicbeverages. Most of the survey participants firstly use beer, secondly - vodka, and thirdly - vodka and other alcoholic beverages. Currently unemployed youth said that their peers and friends generally use vodka. 446 interviewees out of 530 participants, which is 84.1 percent have already tried vodka and other alcoholic beverages. 226 which are 50.7 percent of these youth who have already tried vodka and other alcoholic beverages drank alcohols under peer pressure and influence during some parties or special occasions. Places of drinking vodka and other alcoholic beverages were different for unemployed youth by their gender. For instance, majority of unemployed males visit their friends’ home to drink or drink at the streets, whereas women drink only during special occasions. Some participants said that where to drink vodka or other alcoholic beverages sometimes depend on the seasons – whether it is warm or cold. Conclusions:1. The majority of the students and youth have already tried vodka and other alcoholic beverages. More than half of the survey participants drank vodka and other alcoholic beverages under other’s pressure or influence during special occasions.2. General tendency of the interviewees towards vodka and other alcoholic beverages was negative due to numerous negative phenomena related to alcohols in the society.3. Participants aged 16-24 who have been involved in the FGDs had the following knowledge and understanding about the vodka and other alcoholic beverages: Majority of the interviewees thought that alcoholic beverages mean the beverages with lower alcohol ingredients such as beer and wine.
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[Objective] To investigate the application effects of nursing hierarchical management model in modern hospital.[Methods] By using the “quality nursing demonstration project”activities launched by the hospital as an opportunity,the nursing shift reform in the emergency department was carried out from March 2011,the hierarchical management of group nursing model was implemented.The management effect was observed.[Results] After nursing hierarchical management,nursing knowledge,nursing attitude scores of 14 nurses were higher than before.Assessment indicators of quality of nursing were improved,the sense of competition,service and responsibility of nurses were enhanced.[Conclusions] Nursing hierarchical management model in the modern hospital includes workforce management,responsibilities management and assessmcnt management.It can improve nursing knowledge and attitudes,enhance the sense of competition,service and sense of responsibility of nurses,which should be widely apphed.
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Objective:To evaluate the knowledge and recognition of the influence factors of adverse drug reactions in medical staffs in Nanjing.Method:A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on ADR related knowledge in medical staffs in some selected hospitals in Nanjing.Result:972 valid questionnaires were obtained form 1200 selected subjects,and the response rate was 81.0%.The scores were significantly different in age groups,sex and different kinds of occupational medical workers.The mean levels of the scores were analyzed between different groups.The single factor analysis demonstrated that the different levels of hospitals,sex,knowledge and occupation were correlated with the recognition. The multiple factors logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the recognition of adverse drug reaction among medical staff in Nanjing was related with different levels of hospitals and different occupations.Conclusion:In order to enhance the recognition level,it is necessary to carry out both the long-term education and train about the specialized knowledge of ADR in basic hospitals and non-pharmacy medical staff.
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Objective To investigate the knowledge,attitude and related factors associated with HIV/AIDS among female prisoners in Shaanxi province.Method A cross-sectional survey with questionnaire was conducted in 837 female prisoners.Results Of the studied female prisoners 94% had heard of HIV/AIDS.The rate of correct answer on basic knowledge about AIDS was 19.8%-87.3%.The rate of correct answer on the transmission route was 11.6%-87.6%.The rate of correct answer on non-transmission route was 23.4%-48.6%.The rate of correct answer on prevention was 36.7%-57.5%.Of them 46.6%-55.7% were afraid of AIDS,and 26.6%-90.0% had prdjudice and stigma to HIV/AIDS and PLWHA(people living with HIV/AIDS).The factors affecting HIV/AIDS related knowledge included marriage status,career,education background and number of family members.The factors affecting attitude included age and education background.Conclusion The studied female prisoners have wide but superficial knowledge about HIV/AIDS and have expressed over fear for HIV/AIDS.They also cannot tolerate AIDS patients.
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PURPOSE: This study was conducted to suggest direction and strategy of safety education proper to elementary school children. METHOD: The subject of this survey consisted of 313 3rd-5th grade from 4 elementary schools in Kyungi-Do and Kwangwon-Do. Data were collected from March to May, 2002 using a questionnaire about "safety education needs", "knowledge about injury prevention", "attitude about injury prevention. RESULT: 1. The degree of safety education needs showed averaged 77.50 on the basis of 100 points. 2. The degree of knowledge and attitude about injury prevention showed averaged 72.81 and 81.74 seperately on the basis of 100 points. 3. With the respect to the demographic characteristics, there were stastically significant differences in safety education need according to children's grade(F=8.692, p=.003), sex(t=-2.059, p=.040), family type(t=-2.229, p=.027) and in knowledge & attitude about injury prevention, there statiscally significant difference according to experience of injury prevention education(t=3.058, p=.003; t=5.308, p=.000) each. 4. The level of safety education needs is correlated at signficant level with knowledge and attitude about injury prevention of childrens(r=.166, p=.048; r=.265, p=.001) and between knowledge and attitude about injury prevention, there was significant correlation (r=.427, p=.000). CONCLUSION: From this results, nurses can plan safety education program appropriate to children's needs, level of knowledge and attitude about injury prevention.
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Child , Humans , Education , Child Health , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study aimed at not only suggest some ideas useful in planning and doing the safety education in the elementary schools in the near future putting into test the safety education proposal which has been developed by researchers in accordance with the national 7st education courses but also improve health of the children through taking right safety knowledge and sound safety attitude. METHOD: For this study 140 student are selected from 3-5th grade of the elementary school in Kyoungki-Do and Kwangwon-Do and have been taught the safety education during 10weeks, 10times. RESULT: 1) After the safety education, knowledge about the injury prevention of the children show to be significantly different from that they had before(t=-9.156, p=.000). 2) In order to look into any effect of the attitude about injury prevention after the safety education there were significant difference(t=-3.755, p=.000).CONCLUSION: As the findings of the study indicating that safety education expand the correct knowledge about injury prevention and have more affirmative and sound attitude about injury prevention. So it may be concluded that, safety education have the positive effect both knowledge and attitude about injury prevention among elementary school children.
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Child , Humans , Education , Child HealthABSTRACT
It is very important for elementary school students in sixth grades who are reaching the age of puberty to acquire right knowledge and desirable attitude toward sex so that can overcome psychological instability caused by physical growth, be responsible for their behaviors and lead happy lives. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to find out the effects of sex educatin in the population of primary school students. The subjects of this study were 767 six-grades in one private and two public elementary school in Seoul. The research tool was a questionnaire based on a literature review. The sex education given to the subjects included 50 minutes lecture. The research methodology included data collection done before and the sex education was given to the subjects, to assess their knowledge of, and attitude toward sex, one week later after the sex education was given to assess change in knowledge of, and attitude to, sex. The data was analyzed through pc-SAS program. real numbers, percentage, t-test, and ANOVA were utilized. The results of this study are as follows : 1. After sex education, the score of sixth grade elementary students' sex knowledge was higher than before(t=11.92, p=0.0001) 2. After sex education, the score of sixth grade elementary students' sex attitude was higher than before(t=2.08, p=0.0373). From the above findings, it can be said that sex education given to the children reaching the age of puberty significantly influences their knowledge of, and attitude toward. Therefore, for children to have the sound knowledge and positive attitude of sec, it is suggested that sex education should be included in their curriculum in order that systematic sex education be practiced.
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Adolescent , Child , Humans , Curriculum , Data Collection , Puberty , Research Design , Seoul , Sex Education , Child Health , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
This study was designed to survey the knowledge and attitude towards the noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) of the workers with hearing impairment who are working at the noisy workplaces. The subjects were 423 workers selected from noisy workplaces, where the noise level was 85dB and over, and whose hearing impairment was 30 dB and over at 1,000 Hz or 40 dB and over at 4,000 Hz in the primary screening auditory test. For this study, a questionnaire was applied to the study subjects studying their knowledge and attitude towards the noise-induced hearing loss including their personal characteristics. Only 379 workers completed the questionnaires sincerely except 18 workers who did not show hearing impairment, and they were divided into three groups according to their status of hearing impairment: noise-induced hearing loss (Di), suspected hearing loss (0, hearing loss with medical reasons (D2), for their comparison of their knowledge and attitude towards the noise-indueed hearing loss. The workers who took auditory test at employment were 47.8% and who took auditory test last year after employment were 76.8%. The workers who put on protection device after the; test in 77.1%. The workers did not know the fact that they would work at the noisy workplace in 31.9%. The disturbance of daily communication is significantly different symtom among 3 groups (P<0.01). The workers answered that noise did not affect the body adversely in 4.7% and NIHL was not problem if it did not disturb daily life in 31.9%.In case they were diagnosed as NIHL, 68.6%-of the subjects answeredi-that they would put on protection devices thoroughly and 20.8% answered that they would ask for, medical care. And 39. 3% of them answered that they would want to stay at their present work-places even though they were ordered to change their workplaces to the another less noisy workplaces. The proportion of right answer in the article related NIHL was 61.2% in average. For the protection of NIHL, an effective hearing, conservation. program should be developed and provided to the labor working in the noisy workplace.