ABSTRACT
@#More than 20 years have passed since the advent of individualized appliances, which are designed according to the corrective target position. Through a series of digital technology-aided design and production processes, individual appliances have been increasingly recognized and accepted by the public. At present, there are three types of individualized orthodontic appliances: individualized lingual orthodontic appliances, non-bracket invisible appliances and individualized labial appliances. Because of their good effects in orthodontics, these appliances have gradually become mainstream orthodontic treatment tools. However, many doubts persist regarding their use in clinical treatment. This article reviews the development history, design principles and characteristics of the three types of individualized appliances. The results of a literature review showed that CAD/CAM and CBCT provide a hardware foundation for personalized orthodontic appliances that simplifies the therapeutic process. Additionally, individualized appliances also place higher demands on orthodontists. This article could provide references for and help with the clinical selection and use of individualized appliances.
ABSTRACT
@#The normal torque angle of the maxillary anterior teeth is an important factor in the aesthetics and function of the anterior teeth, and torque control of the front teeth is an extremely important aspect of the correction process. At present, the normal torque angle of the front teeth is among the phase Ⅲ clinical test items recognized by the American orthodontic professional committee; consequently, good control of front teeth torque is of great significance to the aesthetics of the upper anterior teeth. In this paper, the influence of a lip appliance on the bad torque of upper anterior teeth and the associated methods of control are reviewed in detail. The advantages and disadvantages of various control methods for the anterior teeth and the significance of correct anterior teeth torque angle are summarized. The existing research results indicate that the torsion of a straight arch wire applied directly to individual teeth is too great, making it difficult to enter the groove. Although the bending of the arch wire overcomes these shortcomings, the procedure is cumbersome; it stimulates the soft tissue of the vestibular groove and increases the patient’s discomfort. The bending mechanism of the rocking chair is more complicated; it is greatly affected by the friction between the arch wire and the bracket and is not conducive to closing the tooth extraction gap using the sliding method. The portal auxiliary arch and the single bending torque are suitable for correcting the torque angle of a single tooth. Auxiliary arch torque can be used to correct the upright upper anterior teeth during the process of closing the extraction space and after adduction; therefore, this procedure is worth popularizing. However, the accuracy of orthodontic control of anterior teeth torque requires further study.
ABSTRACT
@#The rapid development of digital technology has made the processes of orthodontic data collection, diagnosis, design and treatment more accurate, comprehensive, convenient and safe and has improved the clinical efficiency of orthodontists. Safe, non-invasive, rapid three-dimensional facial imaging and digital dental models have enabled orthodontists to collect accurately visualized case data. In addition, during diagnosis and design, orthodontists can comprehensively analyze teeth, jaws, and cranial surfaces in 3 dimensions. Through advances that range from digitized whole-dentition information to computer-replicated design and computer-aided manufacturing, invisible orthodontic technology without brackets has become one of the best manifestations of the combination of digital technology and oral orthodontics. In addition, individualized fixed orthodontic devices have become widely used in orthodontic clinics. In this paper, the applications of digital technology in orthodontic clinics is described. It is hoped that orthodontists will be able to use digital technology rationally to benefit increasing numbers of patients with orthodontic demands.