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Background: Anaemia is a major public health problem worldwide especially in developing countries like India. Nutritional cause of anaemia continues to predominate as the most common cause of anaemia. Objective of this study is to determine the clinical and laboratory profile of anaemia among patients admitted to our hospital.Methods: Our study was a prospective study in which thirty nine patients of anemia admitted to Medicine ward in SNMC and HSK hospital were studied for their clinical and laboratory characteristics. Duration of the study was 7 months from July 2019 to January 2020.Results: Anaemia was more common among females (65.1% of total patients). Patients aged less than 60 years contributed to 85% of patients. Pallor was the universal finding present in 100% of patients. On systemic examination haemic murmurs on auscultation was the most common finding present in 28.2% followed by hepatomegaly (17.94%). Microcytic and dimorphic anaemia constitute the bulk of anaemia.Conclusions: Nutritional anaemia particularly iron deficiency anaemia is the most common cause of anaemia. It tends to affect the working age group and females predominantly. Patients continue to present with severe anaemia to the hospital.
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ntroduction: Malaria continues to be one of the importantpublic health problems in India. Rajasthan is an endemic zoneof malaria with still a high prevalence rate. A revisedknowledge of present scenario of malaria is almost undercontrol. This prospective study was conducted to analyzevarious types of presentation of Malaria in adults, itscomplications and response to current treatment regimensavailable.Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study wascompleted over a period of 12 months; from 1st November2015 to 31st December 2016; carried out in Department ofMedicine RNT medical college and attached group of hospitalsUdaipur (Raj). 200 patients who presented with fever andassociated symptoms with test positive for malaria by slideand/or MPQBC (Malaria Parasite Quantitative buffy coat) andinclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. These patientswere then subjected to treatment regimens with regular vitalmonitoring and laboratory tests. The main method to establishdiagnosis was microscopy of PBF, however MPQBC helped indiagnosis of cases missed on slide examination and mixedinfections. The presence of various complications, treatmentresponse and outcome was studied.Results & Conclusion: P. falciparum was the major parasitetype causing malaria as 56% cases. All complications cerebralmalaria, respiratory distress, haematological, malariahepatopathy, acute renal failure and electrolyte disturbanceswere noted in greater frequency in P. falciparum. Howevereven P. vivax accounted for complicated cases of malaria inthis region. For dysnatremia, hyponatremia was more commonthan hypernatremia with increase frequency amongstP.falciparum cases and higher in cerebral malaria. There was agood response to artesunate and quinine drug with 2nd linedrugs. However 14 patients in artesunate group weresubsequently shifted to quinine based therapy after treatmentfailure. A total of 4 deaths were reported all P.falciparumpositive. However an early diagnosis and adequate treatmentwith antimalarials with timely supportive therapy withHemodialysis and blood component transfusion can save livesin malaria.
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Introduction: Thyroid hormones regulate numerousmetabolic processes. Therefore, any alteration in theirsynthesis or function has important health implications. Aims:Study done on clinical and laboratory profile of patients withprimary hyperthyroidism.Material and methods: Descriptive and cross-sectionalStudy done amongst the in-patients with a proven PrimaryHyperthyroidism. 60 Patients with newly diagnosed PrimaryHyperthyroidism above the age of 18 years. Diagnostichormone levels i.e. increased SERUM T3,T4 levels withdecreased TSH levels.Results: out of 60 patients of Hyperthyroidism, 60% wereGrave’s disease, 28.3% were Toxic multinodular goiter and1.7% was toxic solitary nodule. Majority of TSH values wereless than 0.01. In all most all cases both T3 and T4 wereelevated (predominantly T4). There was no difference inT3, T4 and TSH values among the three common causes ofHyperthyroidism. Wayne’s clinical Diagnostic index had goodcorrelation with T3 (p value of 0.024), T4 and TSH. When theWayne’s index was high, T3 & T4 were also high and TSHwas low.Conclusion: Wayne’s clinical index correlate quite well withthe thyroid function tests particularly raised T3 and the scorecould be a useful tool for follow up of hyperthyroid patients
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Background: Dengue fever is one of the most common acute viral illness associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Recently, there is an alarming rise of dengue in India. This study was undertaken to know the clinical profile and laboratory findings during the evolution of dengue fever.Methods: A total of 120 patients of dengue fever who were NS1 antigen or IgM dengue positive, admitted to medical wards of Narayana Medical College, Nellore included in the study. Thorough clinical examination and relevant laboratory investigations performed in all patientsResults: Males were commonly affected (72.4%). Fever was the most common presentation (100%), followed by headache (96%) myalgia (94%), abdominal pain (24.46%), and retro-orbital pain (12.45%). Malena was the most common hemorrhagic manifestation. Laboratory findings include varying degree of thrombocytopenia in all patients, leukocytopenia (30.52%), increased hematocrit (>45%) (67.59%) and deranged liver function test (58.33%)Conclusions: Early diagnosis, monitoring, and prompt supportive management can reduce mortality in dengue. Atypical presentations of dengue should be kept in mind, which may cause a delay in the diagnosis. Increased community awareness and vector control measures need to be strengthened during the peri-monsoon period to reduce the burden of dengue cases.
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Introduction: Fever is the most challenging problem in thefield of medicine, consists of occult manifestation of commondiseases rather than the actual diseases. An A.M temperatureof >37.2°C (98.9°F) or a P.M temperature of > 37.7°C (99.9°F)will be considered as fever. Thrombocytopenia is defined asplatelet count <150,000/µl. This is due to decreased productionof platelets, increased destruction and increased sequestrationin the spleen. Study aimed to evaluate clinical and laboratoryprofile in patients having fever with thrombocytopenia.Material and methods: A series of 100 patients admittedin SMBT Medical College and Hospital with fever andthrombocytopenia were evaluated. During the hospital stay,all the patients were subjected repeat CBC once in 2 days.Follow up of all patients regarding treatment and outcomeswere done during the hospital stay.Results: Out of 100 cases of fever with thrombocytopenia,62 were males and 38 were females. The most common causewas malaria in 38% of cases followed by dengue in 30% ofcases and septicemia in 17% of cases. Based on severity mild,moderate and severe thrombocytopenia observed in 47%, 35%and 18% respectively. Bleeding manifestations were seen in36 patients. 94 patients recovered and 6 expired.Conclusion: Fever with thrombocytopenia is one of thechallenging problems in the field of medicine. Bleedingmanifestations associated with thrombocytopenia were seenamong dengue cases. Platelet transfusions should be carriedout as per WHO guidelines. Thus a well organized systemicapproach needs to be carried out with an awareness ofdifferent causes of fever with thrombocytopenia which canhelp to diagnose and manage the case early
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Background: The global incidence of dengue has grown dramatically in recent decade. Half of world’s population is now at risk. India represents significantly a larger burden, accounting for nearly 34% of the global burden of dengue infection. Dengue infection needs to be addressed as a single disease with different clinical presentations ranging from asymptomatic conditions to severe clinical courses that may lead to high morbidity and mortality.Method: This was retrospective observational study carried out during period of July 2017 to April 2018, to study clinical profile and laboratory parameters in dengue fever patients. Confirmed dengue cases having NS1 positive or IgM positive or having both NS1 and IgM positive or dengue ELISA reactive, having minimum one CBC reports done and not having other confounding factor such as co-infection, bone marrow diseases etc. that may altered clinical and laboratory results are included in study. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS software version 18.0.Results: Out of 48 confirmed dengue cases maximum patients 58.33% was from young age group (21 to 40 years) with M:F ratio was 2.43:1. Fever was found in 100% patients, in order of frequency followed by headache, bodyache, abdominal pain, weakness, retro-orbital pain, anorexia, dry cough, back pain, nausea, diarrhoea, vomiting, rash, joint pain, itching and malena.NS1was positive in 41.67% cases, dengue ELISA in 31.25%, IgM was positive in 20.83% cases, and both NS1 and IgM positive were in 4.17% cases. TLC count was low 35.42%, high in 12.50% of cases and remaining had normal TLC count. Platelet count was ranged between normal platelet counts to thrombocytopenia. One case had platelet count less than 20000. Out of 48 patients, 2 (4.17%) had malena.Conclusion: In this study, fever was found in all patients, and headache, body ache and weakness were common symptoms, but significant number of patients also had gastroentstinal and respiratory symptoms like abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting and dry cough. TLC count ranging from normal TLC, leukopenia to leucocytosis. Large number of patients had low platelet count that shows dengue fever had varied clinical presentation.
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Background: Dengue is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in India. Many recent studies have shown varied clinical manifestations from different geographical locations. There is paucity of data on this topic from this region. The present study was conducted to find out the clinical features, complications, response to treatment and outcome of patients suffering from dengue in a tertiary care centre of Uttarakhand, India. Methods: The study was performed at SGRR Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, Dehradun, which is a tertiary care hospital of Uttrakhand. The study period was of 1 year from July 2012 to June 2013. Patients of 12 years of age or above it who were antigen positive or antibody positive were included in the study. All such patients who were admitted in the hospital underwent detailed clinical examination and investigation. Results: Dengue infection was identified in 140 patients. Thrombocytopenia was the commonest hematological abnormality. Splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and hepatosplenomegaly, were common findings. Renal, hepatic and cerebral dysfunctions were noted. Mortality was seen in 5 (3.6%) patients. Encephalitis, shock and ARDS were associated with high mortality and poor outcome. Conclusions: Dengue is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in Uttarakhand. High index of suspicion, early diagnosis, monitoring of the clinical and laboratory parameters and prompt intervention may help in reducing the mortality.