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Objective:To explore the effects of screen exposure on morbidity risk in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or language retardation.Methods:In a case-control study, 64 children with autism spectrum disorder were selected as the ASD group, 64 children with language retardation as the language retardation group, and 52 normal children as the control group. Descriptive analysis, t-test, Chi-square test, Logistic regression analysis and other statistical methods of SPSS 17.0 software were used to analyze the data.The differences of screen exposure between the case groups and control group were compared to analyze the effects of screen exposure on the diseases. Results:There were statistically significant differences in daily cumulative screen time ( F=27.758), duration of screen exposure ( F=12.516), first-time exposure to screen(χ 2 = 13.749) and parents' explanation during screen contact(χ 2 = 16.368) among the three group (all P<0.05). The proportion of first-time exposure to screen before 1 year old was 65.62% (42/64) in ASD group, 40.63% (26/64) in language retardation group and 33.33%(17/51) in control group. Compared with the control group ((1.42±1.44)h), the ASD group ((4.04±2.00)h) and the language delay group ((3.53±2.07)h) had longer daily cumulative screen time, and the differences were statistically significant (both P<0.05). Compared with the control group ((6.14±4.59) months), children in the ASD group ((11.97±7.32) months) or the language retardation group ((9.96±5.15) months) had the longer duration of screen exposure, and the differences were statistically significant (both P<0.05). Compared with the control group, parents in ASD group and language retardation group elaborated less while the children were exposed to screen, the differences were statistically significant (both P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that cumulative daily exposure time less than 2 hours ( β=-5.338, OR=0.005, 95% CI=0.001-0.120), democratically parenting style ( β=-3.279, OR=0.038, 95% CI=0.003-0.554), paternal age less than 35 years old ( β=-5.432, OR=0.004, 95% CI=0.001-0.691) were protective factors for autism spectrum disorder, while paternal education level below junior college was a risk factor ( β=3.125, OR=22.755, 95% CI=1.866-277.463). Cumulative exposure time less than 2 hours per day ( β=-3.357, OR=0.035, 95% CI=0.002-0.526) was a protective factor for language retardation, and paternal education less than college degree ( β=2.740, OR=15.482, 95% CI=1.350-177.573) was a risk factor for language retardation. Conclusion:Excessive screen exposure has certain effects on morbidity risk of autism spectrum disorder and language retardation, which should be paid more attention to.
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Objective:To explore the application value of transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with language training for children with language retardation.Methods:100 children with language retardation who were treated in our hospital from March 2015 to March 2016 were selected as the research object.They were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method,50 cases in each group.The control group was treated with routine language training,while the observation group was treated with transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with language training.The treatment of the two groups were 3 months.The therapeutic effects were evaluated by the language development in Chinese children assessment method and the changes of developmental quotient before and after treatment were evaluated by the neuropsychological development test for children.Results:The effective rate of the observation group was 98.0％,which was significantly higher than 87.0％ of the control group (P＜0.05).Compared with before treatment,the language development quotient and development quotient of the two groups after treatment for 1,2 and 3 months were significantly improved,and the observation group was significantly better than the control group (P＜0.05).The normal rate of the observation group was 80.0％,which was significantly higher than 66.0％ of the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:The effect oftranscranial magnetic stimulation combined with language training is ideal,which can effectively improve the developmental quotient of children with language retardation,and it is worth promoting in clinical practice.
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O desenvolvimento da linguagem ocorre a partir do nascimento e, por Volta de seis anos, a criança terá a fala semelhante a do adulto. Vários fatores podem interferir nesse processo em diferentes estágios ou etapas, ocasionando alteração na evolução da linguagem, e as manifestações podem variar quanto ao tipo, grau de severidade e causa. Na literatura nacional encontramos termos corno: retardo de linguagem, retardo simples de linguagem, retardo simples, retardo na aquisição de linguagem, distúrbio específico de linguagem e defasagem de linguagem sendo utilizados pelos profissionais e pesquisadores da área. A imprecisão dos termos adotados para os quadros de retardo de linguagem decorre das manifestações e causas diferentes da patologia. Neste artigo discutimos a terminologia, as manifestações e causas atribuídas ao retardo de linguagem.
The language development occurs since birth, and around six years old a child will have a speech similar to an adult. Various factors can interfere in this process at different steps or stages causing an alteration in language evolution and the manifestations may vary in kind, severity degree and cause. In the national (Brazilian) literature we find terms such as: language retardation, language simple retardation, simple retardation, language acquirement retardation, language specific disturb and language imbalance which are used by professionals and researchers in the area. The imprecision of the terms adopted by studies of language retardation elapses by the pathology's diverse causes and manifestations. Terminology, Manifestations and causes related to the Language Retardation will be discussed in this article.
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Humans , Language Disorders , Language Development DisordersABSTRACT
@#ObjectiveTo find out the electroencephalogram(EEG)change of the children with language retardation.MethodsThe EEG change and prognosis of 78 cases of language retardation children were analysed and compared with normal ones.ResultsThe EEG abnormal rate of language retardation was 69.3%,while that of the normal children was 10%(P<0.001).Conclusions The EEG is helpful to understand the developmental status of brain functions.