ABSTRACT
O trabalho apresenta as reflexões iniciais do projeto de pós-doutorado desenvolvido no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação e Cultura da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, que pretende ouvir artistas idosos de dois grupos distintos: no primeiro os sujeitos acometidos por patologias que afetam a memória, entre elas o Alzheimer, em suas fases iniciais; e no segundo sujeitos que se constroem e são construídos identitariamente como idosos, com base em seu lugar etário. Por meio de entrevistas, usando metodologicamente uma técnica que cruza os modos de fazer da história oral com os da entrevista clínica, realizaremos encontros com artistas (músicos, atores, artistas plásticos etc.) procurando perceber as vozes desses indivíduos como sujeitos de comunicação afetados pelo tempo (e, em alguns casos, pela doença).
The work presents the initial reflections of the postdoctoral project developed on the Graduate Program in Communication and Culture at Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, which intends to listen to old artists of two different groups: in the first, subjects affected by pathologies that affect the memory, includin Alzheimer's, in its early stages; and in the second subjects who build and are built identically as old based on their age. Based on interviews, using the foundations of psychological clinic and oral history, we will hold meetings with artists (musicians, actors, visual artists, etc.) seeking to perceive the voices of these individuals as subjects of communication affected by time (and often by the disease).
El trabajo presenta las reflexiones iniciales del proyecto posdoctoral desarrollado con el Programa de Posgrado en Comunicación y Cultura de la Universidad Federal de Río de Janeiro, que pretende escuchar a artistas antiguos de dos grupos diferentes: en el primero, los sujetos afectados por patologías que afectan la memoria, incluido el Alzheimer, en sus primeras etapas; y el segundo sujetos que construyen y se construyen de manera idéntica a los ancianos, en función de su su edad. Mediante el uso de entrevistas, utilizando metodológicamente una técnica que cruza las formas de hacer historia oral con las de la entrevista clínica psicológica, mantendremos reuniones con artistas (músicos, actores, artistas visuales etc.) para percibir las voces de estas personas como sujetos de comunicación afectados por el tiempo (y a menudo por la enfermedad).
Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Social Behavior , Communication Barriers , Alzheimer Disease , Memory Disorders , Art , Aging , Case-Control Studies , Interviews as Topic , Family Relations , Life History TraitsABSTRACT
Objective: Examine perceptions about the Papanicolaou (Pap) test from the perspectives of Chilean women with cervical cancer. Design: A descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted in Santiago, Chile. Participants: 127 Chilean women. Results: The principal reasons for not having had a PAP test were procrastination and barriers related to fear, embarrassment, discomfort, not caring, lack of time, and lack of knowledge. Conclusion: All the reasons given by the Chilean women who took part in the study must be considered by health care professionals who are in a position to advocate for education and cervical cancer screening for women, especially in countries where the disease is still prevalent. These results can serve as a guide for education programs and can be applied in intervention research.
Objetivo: examinar las percepciones acerca de la prueba de Papanicolaou (Pap) desde la perspectiva de las mujeres chilenas con cáncer cervical. Diseño: un estudio descriptivo, transversal realizado en Santiago, Chile. Participantes: ciento veintisiete mujeres chilenas. Resultados: Las principales razones para no haber hecho la prueba de PAP fueron dilación y obstáculos relacionados con el miedo, la vergüenza, la incomodidad, el hecho de no estar preocupada, la falta de tiempo y la falta de conocimiento. Conclusión: todas las razones dadas por las mujeres chilenas que participaron en el estudio deben ser considerados por los profesionales de la salud que están en una posición para abogar por la educación y la detección del cáncer cervical para las mujeres, especialmente en países donde la enfermedad sigue siendo prevalente. Los resultados pueden servir como una guía para los programas de educación y pueden ser aplicados en la investigación sobre la intervención.
Objetivo: examinar as percepções sobre o exame Papanicolaou do ponto de vista das mulheres chilenas com câncer cervical. Desenho: estudo descritivo, transversal, realizado em Santiago (Chile), com 127 mulheres chilenas. Resultados: as principais razões para não terem feito o exame Papanicolaou foram dilação e obstáculos relacionados com o medo, a vergonha, o desconforto, o fato de não estar preocupada, a falta de tempo e a falta de conhecimento. Conclusão: todas as razões dadas pelas mulheres chilenas que participaram do estudo devem ser consideradas pelos profissionais da saúde que estão em condição de defender a educação e a detenção do câncer cervical, especialmente em países onde a doença continua sendo prevalente. Os resultados podem servir como um guia para os programas de educação e podem ser aplicados na pesquisa sobre a intervenção.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Papanicolaou Test , NeoplasmsABSTRACT
background: Early management of myocardial infarction in the area of public health requires the integration of specific programs for the coordination of healthcare services. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact on delay times and reperfusion rate of a comprehensive program for the reperfusion of myocardial infarction in a hospital network of the Southern Greater Buenos Aires. Methods: The network consists of six low-mid-complexity hospitals and a third-level referral center with 24-hour cath-lab. Stage 1 of the program (2009-2010) evaluated the existing barriers to reperfusion; Stage 2 (2011-2013) implemented the progressive incorpora-tion of improvements and Stage 3 assessed the program (2013-2014) complemented with fellows in each hospital. Program impact was evaluated by the proportion of patients reperfused and time to its implementation. results: A total of 432 patients referred from the network were hospitalized with diagnosis of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Mean age was 56±9 years and 83.3% were men. The proportion of reperfused patients progressively increased: S1 60.7%, S2 69% and S3 78%, p for trend=0.01. Time to reperfusion decreased significantly between S1 and S3, from 120 minutes (IQR 55-240) to 90 minutes (IQR 35-150), p=0.04, with a median reduction of 30 minutes in the door-to-balloon and door-to-needle times. Conclusions: The application of a program for myocardial reperfusion based on the diagnosis of barriers was associated with 28.5% increase in reperfusion, and a significant reduction in the implementation times. This public network model built on algorithms adapted to local barriers may contribute to improve the care of myocardial infarction in our country.