ABSTRACT
By introducing the unqualified cases of radiation emission test of medical laser equipment, this paper analyses the causes of the problems and the corrective measures adopted, and analyses the effectiveness of the corrective measures. It is proposed that the design rules and rules related to radiation emission should be mastered from the input stage of product design and development, and the radiation emission problem should be considered and solved as soon as possible.
Subject(s)
Equipment Design , Laser Therapy , Lasers , LightABSTRACT
Laser equipment represents surely one of the most captivating technologies in the practice of dental medicine. Over the last two decades, numerousscientific publications have emerged in literature, concerning laser equipments and their applications in the field of dental medicine. Presently, in accordancewith their specific wavelength, laser equipments are available on a large scale. This material reviews the most common, most current newly emerged applications of laser in dental medicine. The applications of laser therapy are presented on soft as well as hard tissues. Although laser cannot fully replace all the conventional techniques of dental medicine, the progress is obvious, and laser is expected to become an essential component of conservatory dental medicine.
ABSTRACT
Neste trabalho estuda-se a transferência de massa gás-líquido a partir de bolhas de ar para a água, geradas por um difusor de ar, em uma coluna de aeração, mudando a vazão de ar de 400 L/h a 2000 L/h, o nível de água de 0,50 m a 1,80 m, cujas taxas de aplicação superficial de ar variaram de 3,1 L/m².s a 15,4 L/m².s. Várias características hidrodinâmicas foram medidas, tal como a velocidade ascensional das bolhas de ar e seus diâmetros, fundamentais para verificar o coeficiente de transferência de massa que estão na literatura, usando um equipamento laser para velocimetria não-intrusiva. Após os estudos da transferência de massa, foi concluído que a vazão de ar entre 400 L/h e 800 L/h e o nível de água de 1,80 m apresentou a maior eficiência de transferência de massa, garantindo para estas medidas, dentro da coluna em estudo, maior quantidade de oxigênio dissolvido.
The present work is a study of the mass transfer gas-liquid from air bubbles into water, generated by a diffuser of air, in a column of aeration, changing the air flow from 400 L/h to 2000 L/h, the level of water from 0.50 m to 1.80 m, whose taxes of superficial application of air had varied of 3.1 L/m².s to 15.4 L/m².s. Several hydrodynamics characteristics were measured, such as the velocity range of the air bubbles and their diameter, fundamental to check the mass transfer coefficient that are in literature, by using a laser equipment for non-intrusive velocimetry. After of the study of the mass transfer, it was concluded that the air flow between 400 L/h and 800 L/h and the level of water of 1.80 m was the most efficient of mass transfer, guaranteeing for these measure, into of the column in study, most quantity of dissolved oxygen.
ABSTRACT
Medical laser equipment are widely used in clinic with significant improvement in medical technologies.Security incidents in clinic take place frequently,so safety standards should be standardized.According to the experience in working,dynamic management processes to upgrade the safety control level in using medical laser equipment are expounded.The ultimate purpose is to achieve more effective safety and quality management.