A quantitative research on effects of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate on the aqueous flare in a PVR model with LFCM / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

· AIM: To study the inhibitory effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) on the inflammatory reaction in an experimental proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR)model with laser flare cell meter (LFCM).· METHODS: A total of 20 pigmented rabbits were divided into two groups randomly, with 10 rabbits in each group. After the creation of retinal holes, 0.1mL PDTC was injected intravitreally into the right eyes of Group 1(A1) and the left eyes of Group 1 (A2), and 0.1mL balanced saline solution (BSS) into the right eyes of Group2 (B1). One hour later, 0.1mL BSS into the eyes of A1,and 5000U IL-1 β in 0.1mL BSS was injected intravreally into the eyes of A2 and B1. Clinical evaluation and LFCM examination were performed before retinal injury (PO)and at 4h, 24h, 1, 2 and 4wk after the second injection(P4h, P24h, Plwk, P2wk and P4wk). Histopathologic and immunohistochemical examination were also performed at these time points.· RESULTS: PDTC could inhibit the inflammatory reaction obviously from P24h to P2wk. The eyes of A1 and A2 recovered earlier than those of B1. Although inflammatory reaction in the 3 groups resolved completely by the end of P2wk measured with the slit-lamp microscope,the eyes of the B1 still showed obvious aqueous flare judged by the LFCM compared with those of A1 and A2.Histopathologic and immunohistochemical examination showed that nuclear factor- κ B (NF- κ B) was activated by IL-1 β and the PDTC had inhibitory effect on it without obvious toxicity to retina.· CONCLUSION: Inflammatory reaction involves in the rabbit model of PVR induced by injecting intravitreally IL-1 β and the PDTC can relieve it significantly. The LFCM provides a new, sensitive, objective and noninvasive method to quantify the inflammatory reaction in the PVR model.

The Change of the Anterior Chamber Inflammation by Lens Epithelial Cell Revoval in Cataract Surgery

Remained lens epithelial cells after the cataract surgery can cause anterior and posterior capsular opacity and other complications from the postoperative anterior chamber inflammation. The removal of lens epithelial cells(LEC) during the cataract surgery is important clinically. We measured the degree of the anterior chamber inflammation after the removal of LEC in 360 degree and the removal of LEC in 180 degree. The anterior chamber inflammation was measured by flare-cell meter postoperatively the 1st day, 4th day, 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week, 4th week, and 3rd month, and compared the results with the anterior chamber inflammation after the cataract surgery without the removal of LEC. There were no significant differencies among the groups before the 2nd week. The degree of inflammation was decreased significantly in the groups postoperatively compared to the group in which LEC were not removed. And the inflammation was lower significantly in the group of the 360 degree removal than the group of 180 degree removal after the 2nd week postoperatively. We conclude that LEC removal in cataract surgery decreased the anterior chamber inflammation significantly after the 2nd week postoperatively.

Effect of 5-fluorouracil and Mitomycin-C on Blood Aqueous Barrier

The adjunctive use of 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C remarkably improves the success rate of glaucoma filtering surgery, but these antiproliferative agents may be toxic to other ocular tissues. The authors evaluated the effect of 5-FU and MMC on the blood-aqueous barrier. Sixteen pigmented rabbits were used, 7 for 5-FU group and 9 for MMC group. Five milligrams of 5-FU(0.1ml) was injected subconjunctivally in one eye of each animal in 5-FU group. In MMC group, we made limbus-based conjunctival flap on superotemporal area and applied MMC(0.4 mg/ml) soaked Week-cell sponge on subconjunctival-scleral space for 5 minutes and irrigated with 200 ml of normal saline. The contralateral eyes of each animal in both groups were used for control. We measured protein concentration in anterior chamber with the laser flare-cell meter(Kowa, FM-500). At 7 hours after operation, protein concentration in anterior chamber was significantly higher in 5-FU injected eyes(11.22 +/- 1.98 photons/msec, mean +/- S.D.) than control eyes(7.78 +/- 0.96 photons/msec) in the 5-FU group. There was no difference between MMC treated eyes and control eyes. MMC soaking is thought to be less harmful on the blood-aqueous barrier than 5-FU subconjunctival injection.

Quantitative determination of aqueous flare and cells in healthy eyes / 眼科

Objective To quantify aqueous flare and cells in the eyes of healthy subjects and to evaluate the effect of age and sex on the blood aqueous barrier. Design Prospective case series. Participants Four hundred and forty-two eyes of 221 healthy sub- jects. Methods Aqueous flare and cells of 442 eyes were evaluated with FC-2000 laser flare cell meter (LFCM). Main Outcome Mea- sures Aqueous flare and cells. Results The mean flare values of all of eyes was 4.7?2.9 pc/ms, it was 3.1 pc/ms in the age group of less than 10 years, 3.8 pc/ms in the age group of 40-49 years and 11.0 pc/ms in the age group of 80 years or over. The mean flare val- ues in the age groups of 50 years or over were significantly higher than that in the age group of 40-49 years (P

Clinical Efficacy of Laser Flare-Cell Meter

Aqueous flare, the scattering of light by the Tyndall phenomenon, have been applied for the assessment of aqueous protein by the ophthalmologists. Since the intensity of flare ultimately reflects the severity of ocular inflammation. Laser flare-cell meter was developed to determine protein concentration and number of cells in the aqueous with non-invasive technique. The principle of evaluation was similar to that of slit-lamp examination in the viewpoint of scattering of light. The significant linear correlation was observed between the values of concentration for protein and photon counts, in the range from 5mg/100ml to 2,500ml/100ml in boine serum albumin (BSA) and from 5mg/100ml to 1,000mg/100ml in human gamma globulin (HGG), the valuses of HGG was three times higher than those of BSA in the same concentration. In experiments for WBC, RBC and latex particles with diameter of 2.95 micrometer, although somewhat differences was observed according to the sort of cells, significant linear correlation was shown between the number of detected peaks and that of cells.