ABSTRACT
We describe popular learning methods in current medical education along with their bases in educational theory. Lectures have the advantage that teachers can provide students with a large amount of organized information. Problem-based learning is an active learning method using small-group discussions to motivate learning. Early clinical exposure is based on the theory of experiential learning. Simulation education has become more important from the point of view of patient safety. Participatory undergraduate clinical training and postgraduate clinical training should be understood as being based on the theories of cognitive apprenticeship and peripheral participation. Considering life-long learning, the reflective practitioner is a useful concept.