ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the etiology,clinical manifestations,diagnosis and outcomes of lichen scrofulosorum (LS).Methods Clinical data collected from 7 infants with LS,who visited Department of Dermatology,Tianjin Children's Hospital between 2010 and 2018,were analyzed retrospectively,and the etiology,clinical manifestations,diagnosis,development and outcomes of LS were investigated.Results All the 7 infants developed LS after bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)vaccination,and the clinical manifestations of LS were reddish or hazel papules mainly distributed on the trunk with small scales attached to the surface.No abnormal laboratory examination results were observed.Histopathological examination showed granuloma in the dennis.Without any treatment,all rashes of the 7 patients disappeared within 6 months,and no scar or hyperpigmentation remained.Conclusions Infant LS usually appears 2-3 months after BCG vaccination,clinically presents as papules mostly on the trunk,pathologically characterized as granuloma in the dermis,and can heal spontaneously.
ABSTRACT
A eight year old girl presented multiple plaques of lupus vulgaris, numerous papules of lichen scrofulosorum and involvement of right ulnar bone. The patient responded to antituberculosis therapy. The multiple foci were probably due to hematogenous dissemination
ABSTRACT
Lichen scrofulosorum is a rare disease of children and young adults. The cutaneous lesions of LS are typically symptomless, tiny, flat-topped papular eruptions, which are skin-colored and follicular in distribution. Histopathologically, LS shows perifollicular noncaseating granulomas. LS is usually associated with extrapulmonary tuberculosis, especially of the lymph nodes and bones, and has also been reported in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. However, the underlying focus is not always obvious, at the time of rash development, and could be diagnosed after the development of LS. Here, we describe a 43-year-old Korean woman with LS who developed tuberculous salpingitis 8 months later.
Subject(s)
Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Young Adult , Exanthema , Granuloma , Lichens , Lymph Nodes , Rare Diseases , Salpingitis , Tuberculosis , Tuberculosis, PulmonaryABSTRACT
Tuberculid is thought to develop as a hypersensitive immunologic reaction in the skin to an occult internal focus of tuberculosis. Lichen scrofulosorum (LS) is a rare tuberculid, which usually develops in children and young adults. Rarely, lichen scrofulosorum can be caused by Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination. With the increasing use of BCG inoculation, several complications have been reported. However, there have been no reports of lichen scrofulosorum following BCG vaccination in the Korean literature. We report a case of lichen scrofulosorum developing after BCG vaccination.