ABSTRACT
O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar sistematicamente a contribuição da família e da escolano desenvolvimento de habilidades para a vida(HV)no contexto de formação esportiva. As buscas foram conduzidas em sete bases de dado se por meio da pesquisa de referências. Foram seguidas as descrições do Prisma, identificando 51 estudos. Os resultados demonstraram uma predominância de investigações no Canadá e nos Estados Unidos. Os autores dos estudos têm utilizado diferentes instrumentos, variáveis e modelos teóricos para verificar a contribuição da escola e/ou da família no desenvolvimento de habilidades para a vida. Conclui-se que o envolvimento escolar e o familiar no esporte podem contribuir com a aquisição, refinamento e transferência de características que podem ser aplicadas na vida dos indivíduos. Por fim, existe a necessidade de construir instrumentos quantitativos específicos que avaliem em conjunto a contribuição da escola e da família neste processo (AU).
The aim of this study was to systematically review the contribution of family and school in the development of life skills(LS)in the context of sports training. The searches were conducted in sevendatabases and through the reference searches.Prisma descriptions were followed, identifying 51 studies. The results showed a predominance of investigations in Canada and the United States. The authors of the studies have used different instruments, variables and theoretical models to verify the contribution of the school and/or the family in the development of skills for life. It is concluded that school and family involvement in sport can contribute to the acquisition, refinement and transfer of characteristics that can be applied in the lives of individuals. Finally,there is a need to build specific quantitative instruments that jointly assess the contribution of the school and the family in this process (AU).
El objetivo de este estudio fue revisar sistemáticamente la contribución de la familia y la escuela en el desarrollo de habilidades para la vida(HV)en el contexto del entrenamiento deportivo. Las búsquedas se realizaron en siete bases de datos y mediante la búsqueda de referencias.Se siguieron las descripciones de Prisma, identificando 51 estudios. Los resultados mostraron un predominio de investigaciones en Canadá y Estados Unidos. Los autores de los estudios han utilizado diferentes instrumentos, variables y modelos teóricos paraverificar la contribución de la escuela y/o la familia en el desarrollo de habilidades para la vida. Se concluye que la implicación escolar y familiar en el deporte puede contribuir a la adquisición, perfeccionamiento y transferencia de características que pueden ser aplicadas en la vida de los individuos. Finalmente,existe la necesidad de construir instrumentos cuantitativos específicos que evalúen de manera conjunta la contribución de la escuela y la familia en este proceso (AU).
Subject(s)
Sports/psychology , Students/psychologyABSTRACT
Leadership is a complex multi-faceted phenomenon. Signi?cant school wide change is impossible without effective school leadership. Life Skills is a role orientation and consistent with predictions, results suggest that different patterns of Skills lead to different forms of organizational learning. There are many passionate advocates already providing strong leadership development who have dedicated their work to make schools learning communities that support leadership learning. School Head must be enabled and encouraged to analyze comprehensively and respond knowledgeably to the local context and work closely with and through their colleagues to establish good working relationship with staff. it is the prime duty of school head to promote quality teaching of teachers to meet the high level of learning for all children in their classes. School principal /head has the most signi?cant in?uence on teacher's professional development and also on student's learning. School head is directly responsible for leading learning by creating a conducive environment for learning.
ABSTRACT
Los programas en habilidades para la vida son una de las estrategias más utilizadas en el ámbito escolar para la prevención de conductas que afectan la salud. Si bien la ciencia de la implementación señala que estos procesos deben ser evaluados para asegurar el alcance de los objetivos, pasados más de 30 años de desarrollo de estos programas, en América Latina ha sido poco el avance de esta área. En este trabajo se presenta una evaluación del proceso de implementación de un programa en habilidades para la vida orientado a la prevención del consumo de sustancias implementado en el 2010, documentando aspectos complejos para formular recomendaciones a futuras aplicaciones. Para realizar la evaluación, se seleccionaron 30 salones de clase en los cuales se efectuó la intervención. De la experiencia participaron 60 docentes y 940 alumnos (entre 11 y 19 años), pertenecientes a un nivel socioeconómico medio-bajo de escuelas públicas del nivel secundario de la ciudad de Córdoba (Argentina). Se emplearon técnicas cualitativas de recolección de información observación no participante, registro de producciones de las actividades y entrevistas semiestructuradas, y se realizó un análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo de los datos. Los resultados demuestran la complejidad del proceso de implementación, las dificultades contextuales y la necesidad de incrementar el conocimiento de las relaciones entre las dinámicas escolares y la implementación de programas en habilidades para la vida con estrategias eficaces. Así, se destaca la necesidad de superar la tensión entre los enfoques pedagógicos participativos de estos programas y la lógica escolar tradicional.
Life skills programs are one of the most used strategies in the school environment for health prevention. Although implementation science indicates that im-plementation processes must be evaluated to ensure achievement of objectives, after more than thirty years of development of these programs in Latin America, there has been little progress in this area. This report presents an evaluation of the implementation process of a life skills program oriented towards the prevention of substance use implemented in 2010, documenting complex aspects to make rec-ommendations for future applications. To perform the evaluation, 30 courses were selected. 60 teachers and 940 students participated. The students belonged to a medium-low socioeconomic level and were in public secondary schools in Córdoba city, Argentina. Qualitative data collection techniques non-participant observation, records of productions of the activities, and semi-structured interviews were used, selecting a qualitative and quantitative approach to this data. The results demonstrate the complexity of the im-plementation process, the contextual difficulties, and the need to increase knowledge of the relationships between school dynamics and the implementation of life skills programs to design effective strategies. This highlights the need to overcome the tension between the participatory pedagogical approaches of these programs and the traditional school logic.
Os programas de habilidades para a vida são uma das estratégias mais utilizadas no ambiente escolar para a prevenção de comportamentos que afetam a saúde. Embora a ciência da implementação indique que os processos de implementação devem ser avaliados para garantir o alcance dos objetivos, após mais de 30 anos de desenvolvimento desses programas na América Latina, essa área está subdesenvolvida. Este artigo apresenta uma avaliação do processo de implementação de um programa de habilidades para a vida voltado à prevenção do uso de substâncias, que foi implementado em 2010, documentando aspectos complexos para formular recomendações para aplicações futuras. Para realizar a avaliação, foram selecionadas 30 salas de aula nas quais foi realizada a intervenção. O experimento envolveu a participação de 60 professores e 940 alunos (entre 11 e 19 anos) de nível socioeconômico médio-baixo, de escolas públicas secundárias da cidade de Córdoba (Argentina). Foram utilizadas técnicas qualitativas de coleta de dados observação não participativa, registro das produções das atividades e entrevistas semiestruturadas e foi realizada uma análise qualitativa e quantitativa dos dados. Os resultados demonstram a complexidade do processo de implementação, as di-ficuldades contextuais e a necessidade de ampliar o conhecimento das relações entre a dinâmica escolar e a implementação de programas de habilidades para a vida para o desenho de estratégias eficazes. Isso evidencia a necessidade de superar a tensão entre as abordagens pedagógicas participativas desses programas e a lógica escolar tradicional.
Subject(s)
Humans , Students , Data Collection , Knowledge , Substance-Related Disorders , Environment , Disease PreventionABSTRACT
Background: Life skills are essentially those abilities that help to promote mental wellbeing and competence in adolescents as they face the realities of life. Life skills education is to educate the young people in schools and beyond to develop an organized, acceptable, and beneficial lifestyle. Objectives: The current study aimed to assess life skills, self-esteem, and self-reported practices among adolescents in Kolkata and to find out the correlation between life skills and self-esteem. Methods: Descriptive study was conducted from January to March 2020 among 422 adolescents between the age group 13 years to less than 18 years from three selected schools under Bidhannagar Municipal Corporation, Kolkata, using the multistage cluster sampling technique. The data were collected by self-reporting questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software (version 20.0). Results: Most of the adolescents had low life skills (52.4%) and average self-esteem (64%). About self-reported lifestyle practices among adolescents that they do physical exercises daily in the form of walking (52.6%), cycling (52.1%), swimming (21.8%), and yoga (17.8%). Most of the adolescents responded that they spend leisure time listening to music (43.4%), watching television (43.1%), drawing (36.3%), reading (40.5%), surfing mobile (46.7%), 51.9% of adolescents had smartphones, and that they are using for academic purpose (55.7%), playing games (35.5%), entertainment (19.9%), and to read the news (19.2%). Only 5.2% of adolescents were using substances (tobacco). Conclusion: There is a need for ongoing life skills training program for adolescents in school to increase their self-esteem which helps them to face the challenges of changing life situations.
ABSTRACT
O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as percepções de adolescentes sobre as habilidades para a vida e a convivência familiar deles durante o período de distanciamento social devido à pandemia da COVID-19. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, realizada com oito adolescentes, de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 12 e 14 anos, que foram selecionados de forma não probabilística, por conveniência. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e analisados por Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados apresentaram a qualidade e os aspectos dificultadores do relacionamento familiar dos adolescentes durante o distanciamento social, bem como as propostas por eles sugeridas para a redução das dificuldades identificadas. Também apresentaram as habilidades para a vida que utilizaram durante o período de distanciamento social, destacando a importância dessas habilidades na convivência familiar. Conclui-se que é importante investigar as habilidades para a vida na adolescência, especialmente no contexto de distanciamento social, porque elas possibilitam às pessoas lidarem de maneira eficaz com as demandas, desafios e conflitos do dia a dia, proporcionando maior bem-estar e qualidade de vida.
The objective of this study was to identify adolescents' perceptions of their life skills and family life during the period of social distancing due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This is qualitative research carried out with eight adolescents of both genders, aged between 12 and 14 years old, who were selected in a non-probabilistic way, for convenience. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed by Content Analysis. The results showed the quality and the aspects that hinder the adolescents' family relationships during social distancing, as well as the proposals suggested by them to mitigate the difficulties identified. They also presented the life skills they used during the period of social distancing, highlighting the importance of such skills in family life. It is concluded that it is important to investigate life skills in adolescence, especially in the context of social distancing, because they enable people to effectively deal with the demands, challenges and conflicts of everyday life, providing well-being.
El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las percepciones de los adolescentes con respecto a sus habilidades para la vida y la vida familiar durante el período de distanciamiento social debido a la pandemia de COVID-19. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa realizada con ocho adolescentes, de ambos géneros, con edades comprendidas entre 12 y 14 años, que fueron seleccionados de forma no probabilística, por conveniencia. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas y analizados por Análisis de Contenido. Los resultados mostraron la calidad y los aspectos que dificultan las relaciones familiares de los adolescentes durante el distanciamiento social, así como las propuestas sugeridas por ellos para reducir las dificultades identificadas. También presentaron las habilidades para la vida que usaron durante el período de distanciamiento social, destacando la importancia de estas habilidades en la vida familiar. Se concluye que es importante investigar las habilidades para la vida en la adolescencia, especialmente en el contexto de distanciamiento social, porque posibilitan que las personas enfrenten de hecho las demandas, desafíos y conflictos de la vida cotidiana, proporcionando bienestar.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant, Newborn , Adolescent , Quality of Life , Family Relations/psychology , Social Skills , Physical Distancing , COVID-19ABSTRACT
Abstract Playing sports during youth has been considered one of the main tools for the development of life skills. Thus, this cross-sectional study investigated the association between the development of life skills and coping strategies in 134 young athletes of both sexes in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The instruments used were the Sports Life Skills Scale and Coping Skills Inventory-28 (ACSI-28BR). Data analysis was performed using Pearson's correlation and Multiple Regression (p<0.05). The results showed a significant (p<0.05) and positive correlation between the life skills subscales and coping strategies. Multiple regression analyses found that total life skills development (a summative score of all eight life skills scores) was positively related to coping skills-providing support for the "pile-up" effect. It was concluded that a range of life skills development is positively associated with the coping strategies of young athletes, possibly helping these young people to show more confidence and motivation to achieve better performances in training and competitions.
Resumo A prática de esportes durante a juventude tem sido considerada uma das principais ferramentas para o desenvolvimento de habilidades para a vida. Assim, esse estudo transversal investigou a associação entre o desenvolvimento de habilidades para vida e estratégias de coping em 134 jovens atletas de ambos os sexos do estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a Escala de Habilidades para a Vida Esportiva e Coping Skills Inventory-28 (ACSI-28BR). A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da correlação de Pearson e Regressão Múltipla (p<0,05). Os resultados mostraram correlação significativa (p<0,05) e positiva entre as subescalas de habilidades para a vida e as estratégias de coping. Análises de regressão múltipla encontradas que o desenvolvimento total de habilidades para a vida (uma pontuação somativa de todas as oito pontuações de habilidades para a vida) foi positivamente relacionado as habilidades de coping- fornecendo suporte para o efeito de "empilhamento". Concluiu-se que uma gama de desenvolvimento de habilidades para vida está positivamente associada às estratégias de coping dos jovens atletas, possivelmente contribuindo para que esses jovens se mostrem mais confiantes e motivados a conseguirem melhores desempenhos nos treinos e competições.
ABSTRACT
resumen está disponible en el texto completo
Abstract Introduction: Continuous increase in the use of social networks and the Internet, especially in the adolescent population, requires an in-depth study of the phenomenon, identifying its problematic use and the factors related to a possible risk of addiction. Objective: Evaluate the risk of addiction to social networks and the Internet and its relationship with life and social-emotional skills in a sample of adolescents. Method: A non-experimental correlational-level quantitative study was carried out, with the sample of 221 students from a public school. Was aplied the Adolescent Risk Scale for Addiction to Social Media and Internet, Life Skills Scale and some scales to assess socio-emotional skills. Results: Was found a medium level of risk of addiction in the study sample M 2,5 (Dt 0,6), showing the statistically significant difference in addiction symptoms (p=0,001), social use (p=0,044) and nomophobia (p=0,002) with the higher scores in the female gender, and in friki traits (p=0,001) with the higher scores in the male gender. Scores between M 1,4 (Dt 0,2) and M 2,0 (Dt 0,8) indicated a low level of life skills, with a statistically significant difference in all ten constitutive dimensions with the higher scores in the female gender. The socio-emotional skills was indicated the statistically significant difference in self-esteem (p=0,002), self-efficacy (p=0,000), life satisfaction (p=0,001) and tolerance to frustration (p=0,001) with the higher scores in the male gender. Resilience (p=0,019) and social skills (p=0,015) were significantly higher in women. Were identified negative correlations between variables: total risk of addiction with life skills (r=-0,475/p=0,009); friki traits with empathy (r=-0,140/p=0,037), emotion management (r=-0,159/ p=0,018), resilience (r=-0,245/p=0,000) and self-efficacy (r=-0,238/p=0,000); nomophobia with self-efficacy (r=-0,163/p=0,015) and frustration tolerance (r=-0,223/p=0,001); addiction symptoms with life satisfaction (r=-0,119/p=0,008) and tolerance to frustration (r=-0,357/p=0,000); social use of networks with the management of tensions and stress (r=-0,169/p=0,012). Also, positive correlations were identified between the use of social networks and some dimensions of social skills. Conclusions: The deficiencies in the soft skills of adolescents could be related to the increased risk of adiction to social networks and the Internet. On the other hand, a good development of these skills, added to other protective factors, could contribute to a responsible and careful management of the virtual world.
Resumo Introdução: O aumento contínuo do uso das redes sociais e da Internet, principalmente na população adolescente, requer um aprofundamento do fenômeno, identificando tanto seu uso problemático quanto os fatores relacionados a um possível risco de dependência. Objetivo: Avaliar o risco de dependência às redes sociais e à Internet e sua relação com habilidades de vida e socioemocionais em uma amostra de adolescentes. Método: Estudo quantitativo, não experimental, correlacional, com desenho transversal; A amostra foi composta por 221 alunos de uma escola pública; A Rede Social e Escala de Risco de Dependência da Internet (ERA-RSI), escala de habilidades para a vida e várias escalas foram usadas para avaliar habilidades socioemocionais. Resultados: Um nível médio de risco de dependência foi identificado na amostra do estudo M 2,5 (Dt 0,6), mostrando a diferença estatisticamente significativa nos sintomas de dependência (p=0,001), uso social (p=0,044) e nomofobia (p=0,002 ) em favor do gênero feminino e em traços geek (p=0,001) em favor do gênero masculino. Escores entre M 1,4 (Dt 0,2) e M 2,0 (Dt 0,8) indicaram baixo nível de habilidades para a vida, com diferença estatisticamente significativa em todas as dez dimensões constitutivas a favor do gênero feminino. As habilidades socioemocionais mostraram uma diferença estatisticamente significativa na autoestima (p=0,002), autoeficácia (p=0,000), satisfação com a vida (p=0,001) e tolerância à frustração (p=0,001) a favor do gênero masculino. Resiliência (p=0,019) e habilidades sociais (p=0,015) foram significativamente maiores nas mulheres. Foram identificadas correlações negativas entre as variáveis: risco total de dependência com habilidades para a vida (r=-0,475 / p=0,009); Traços de geek com empatia (r=-0,140 / p=0,037), gerenciamento de emoção (r=-0,159 / p=0,018), resiliência (r=-0,245 / p=0,000) e autoeficácia (r=-0,238 / p=0,000); Nomofobia com autoeficácia (r=-0,163 / p=0,015) e tolerância à frustração (r=-0,223 / p=0,001); sintomas de vício com satisfação com a vida (r=-0,119 / p=0,008) e tolerância à frustração (r=-0,357 / p=0,000); uso social de redes com o gerenciamento de tensões e estresse (r=-0,169 / p=0,012). Da mesma forma, foram identificadas correlações positivas entre o uso de redes sociais e várias dimensões constituintes das habilidades sociais. Conclusões: As deficiências nas soft skills de adolescentes podem estar relacionadas ao aumento do risco de dependência de redes sociais e Internet. Por outro lado, um bom desenvolvimento dessas habilidades, somado a outros fatores de proteção, pode contribuir para uma gestão responsável e cuidadosa do mundo virtual.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the effect of Williams life skills training on posttraumatic growth and care ability for parents of children with leukemia.Methods:A total of 86 parents of children with leukemia were assigned to Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January to December 2019 who were devided into experimental group and control group according to the enrolled time, there were 43 cases in each group. The parents in the control group recieved routine nursing, the experimental group carried out 4-week Williams life skills training. The effect was assessed by Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) and Family Caregiver Task Inventory (FCTI), respectively.Results:Finally, 41 cases were included in the experimental group and 40 cases in the control group. After intervention, the personal strength, relating to others, spiritual change scores and total scores in PTGI were (21.10 ± 4.47), (19.95 ± 6.18), (5.12 ± 0.95), (73.41 ± 8.37) points in the experimental group, significantly higher than (18.38 ± 4.50), (17.60 ± 3.30), (4.65 ± 1.05), (66.13 ± 6.31) points in the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 2.117-4.420, P<0.05 or 0.01). The disease cognitive ability, basic care skills, emotional management ability, ability to seek support scores and total scores in FCTI were (5.41 ± 1.76), (4.10 ± 1.09), (6.71 ± 1.12), (5.56 ± 1.16), (38.00 ± 3.92) points in the experimental group, significantly lower than (6.60 ± 1.58), (4.63 ± 1.10), (7.58 ± 1.74), (6.33 ± 1.53), (41.18 ± 4.72) points in the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 2.164-3.286, P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusions:Williams life skills training can effectively promote posttraumatic growth and care ability in parents of children with leukemia.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo discuss the efficacy of Williams Life Skills Training （WLST） in depressive adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury （NSSI）. MethodsA total of 88 depressive adolescents with NSSI hospitalized in Suzhou Guangji Hospital from January to June 2019 were selected and grouped according to admission order. The corresponding random number was even in intervention group （n=44） and odd as control group （n=44）. Both groups received a 4-week routine depression care， based on this， intervention group received WLST. All selected individuals were assessed using Hamilton Depression Scale-17 item （HAMD-17）， General Self-Efficacy Scale （GSES） and adolescent student life satisfaction scale at the baseline and end of treatment. Then the incidence of NSSI behavior during hospitalization and the reduction rate of HAMD-17 score at discharge were compared between the two groups. ResultsThe incidence rate of NSSI behavior during hospitalization showed significant difference between groups （χ2=11.702， P=0.001）. HAMD-17， GSES and satisfaction scores at discharge were significantly different from those at admission （tcontrol group=-5.256， 10.690， -21.220； tintervention group=-12.540， 11.300， -32.840， P<0.01）. HAMD-17， GSES， satisfaction scores and the reduction rate of HAMD-17 score also showed significant differences between groups （t=0.851， -12.809， -4.883， χ2=75.990， P<0.05 or 0.01）. ConclusionApplication of WLST in depressive adolescents with NSSI may reduce the incidence rate of NSSI behavior， alleviate the degree of depression， enhance the sense of self-efficacy， and improve life satisfaction.
ABSTRACT
El enfoque de Habilidades para la Vida (Hpv) es una iniciativa de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (who, 1993) surgido de la integración de varias teorías que explican el desarrollo humano y social. Este estudio transversal tuvo como objetivo describir el desempeño autoreportado de las habilidades para la vida en jóvenes víctimas del conflicto armado interno en Colombia. Participaron 35 jóvenes de 18 a 25 años (m = 21.91, dt = 0.48) de los cuales el 67.5 % eran mujeres. Los participantes han sido víctimas del conflicto armado interno en Colombia, residían en varios municipios del país y estaban vinculados a un programa de fortalecimiento emocional. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y se evalúo el desempeño autoreportado con base en la media de respuesta por factor de la escala de habilidades para la vida. Los resultados evidenciaron un nivel más alto de desarrollo autoreportado en las habilidades de comunicación asertiva, y manejo de tensiones y estrés. En contraste, se observaron niveles bajos de competencia en las habilidades de solución de problemas y conflictos, empatía, y manejo de sentimientos y emociones. Se discute la necesidad de desarrollar investigaciones y programas de intervención en habilidades para la vida en personas que han sufrido las consecuencias negativas del conflicto armado.
The Life Skills (LS) approach is an initiative of the World Health Organization (WHO), which arises from the integration of various theories that explain human and social development. This cross-sectional study aimed to describe the self-reported performance of life skills in young victims of the internal armed conflict in Colombia. 35 young people between 18 and 25 years old participated (M = 21.91, SD = 0.48) of which 67.5% were women. The participants have been victims of the internal armed conflict in Colombia, they live in several municipalities of the country and were linked to an emotional strengthening program. Descriptive analyses were carried out and self-reported performance was evaluated based on the mean response by each factor of the life skills scale. The results showed a higher level of self-reported development in assertive communication skills, and stress and tension management. In contrast, low levels of competence were observed in problem and conflict solving skills, empathy, and handling of feelings and emotions. The need to develop research and intervention programs in life skills in people who have suffered the negative consequences of the armed conflict is discussed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Crime Victims/psychology , Psychology, Adolescent , Armed Conflicts/psychology , Social SkillsABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Sport has been identified as a favourable tool for promoting positive youth development (PYD). Moreover, the development of life skills is highlighted for supporting youth to thrive in and beyond sport. Due to the limited discussions in Brazil regarding PYD and life skills both in research and in the structuring of sport programs, this paper aims to provide understanding to scholars, coaches, and sport stakeholders on the foundations of PYD and life skills and on how to integrate them within Brazilian sport contexts. Thus, after exploring the foundations and definitions related to PYD and life skills and the approaches to their facilitation in sport, the authors present a proposal based on three principles and five procedures. The principles include: (a) reflect and develop your philosophy, (b) cultivate a positive climate, and (c) develop meaningful relationships with your athletes. Further, the five procedures are: (1) select and discuss the life skill of the day; (2) practice the selected life skill, (3) integrate the life skill during the practice, (4) discuss and reflect on the life skill application and transfer to other contexts, and (5) create opportunities to facilitate life skills transfer. Practical examples are provided throughout the proposal to support coaches in applying these concepts in sport.
RESUMO O esporte tem sido apontado como uma ferramenta valiosa para promover o desenvolvimento positivo de jovens (DPJ). Além disso, o desenvolvimento de life skills destaca-se por auxiliar jovens a ter sucesso dentro e fora do contexto esportivo. Devido as discussões limitadas no Brasil acerca do DPJ e das life skills tanto no âmbito científico quanto na estruturação de programas esportivos, este ensaio teórico tem como objetivo fornecer entendimentos iniciais a acadêmicos, treinadores e gestores esportivos sobre as concepções que sustentam estas temáticas e como integrá-las no esporte brasileiro. Assim, após explorar as concepções e definições acerca do DPJ e das life skills e as abordagens para o desenvolvimento no esporte, os autores apresentam uma proposta baseada em três princípios e cinco procedimentos. Os princípios incluem: (a) reflita e desenvolva sua filosofia; (b) cultive um clima positivo e (c) desenvolva relações significativas com seus atletas. Já os procedimentos são: (1) selecione e discuta a life skill do dia; (2) pratique a life skill selecionada; (3) integre a life skill com as atividades do treino; (4) discuta e reflita a aplicação e transferência da life skill para outros contextos e (5) crie oportunidades para facilitar a transferência da life skill. Exemplos práticos são fornecidos ao longo da proposta para auxiliar treinadores na aplicação ao esporte.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Aptitude , Growth and Development , Youth Sports/education , Philosophy , Sports/education , Education/methods , Athletes/education , Optimism , Teacher Training/methods , Motor SkillsABSTRACT
O caráter pedagógico das práticas esportivas tem sido motivo de diversos estudos no contexto da Pedagogia do Esporte, na qual os conteúdos socioeducativos começam a ganhar destaque. A fim de contribuir para a aproximação entre a teoria e a prática, este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de investigar como professores de projetos socioesportivos desenvolvem os conteúdos socioeducativos. Dois projetos socioesportivos foram a fonte para responder essa questão. Esta pesquisa é caracterizada como de campo, transversal, qualitativa, na qual se utilizaram como técnicas de pesquisa a análise documental, a entrevista semiestruturada e a observação não participante. Os resultados apresentam o diálogo como o método mais utilizado pelos professores no desenvolvimento de questões socioeducativas, enquanto as atividades esportivas não tiveram esse enfoque intencional. Portanto, sugere-se a produção de estudos aplicados que objetivem uma melhor e maior aproximação entre a teoria e a prática no desenvolvimento dos conteúdos socioeducativos.
Sports practice's pedagogical character has been often studied in Sports Pedagogy, where socio-educational content began to receive more attention. In order to contribute to approximate theory and practice, this study investigated how teachers in sports-based social projects develop their socio-educational content. Two projects served as sources to answer that question. This is a cross-sectional, qualitative field study employing document analysis, semi-structured interviews, and non-participant observation. The results pointed at dialogue as teachers' most common method for working on socio-educational contents, while sports activities were not intentionally used. Therefore, applied studies are suggested for increasing and improving approximation between theory and practice in socio-educational contents.
El carácter pedagógico de las prácticas deportivas ha sido motivo de diversos estudios en el contexto de la Pedagogía del Deporte, donde los contenidos socioeducativos empiezan a ganar destaque. Con el fin de contribuir a la aproximación entre teoría y práctica, este estudio fue realizado con el objetivo de investigar cómo los docentes de proyectos sociodeportivos desarrollan contenidos socioeducativos. Dos proyectos sociodeportivos fueron la fuente para responder a esta pregunta. Esta investigación se caracteriza por una ser de campo, transversal y cualitativa, y en ella se utilizaron análisis de documentos, entrevistas semiestructuradas y observación no participante como técnicas de investigación. Los resultados presentan el diálogo como método más utilizado por los docentes en el desarrollo de cuestiones socioeducativas, mientras que las actividades deportivas no utilizaron este enfoque intencional. Por lo tanto, se sugiere la producción de estudios aplicados que busquen mayor aproximación entre la teoría y la práctica en el desarrollo de los contenidos socioeducativos.
Subject(s)
Humans , Physical Education and Training , Sports , TeachingABSTRACT
Resumen Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre habilidades para la vida y riesgos vitales en adolescentes escolarizados. Método: Esta es una investigación cuantitativa descriptiva-correlacional, en la que se aplicó la escala de habilidades para la vida de Díaz, Rosero, Melo y Aponte (2013), y se diseñó un cuestionario de identificación de riesgos vitales y una ficha de caracterización. La muestra fueron 107 estudiantes (adolescentes entre 12 y 17 años) de 9°, 10° y 11° de bachillerato de una institución educativa pública de la ciudad de Armenia, y fueron seleccionados a través de un muestreo no probabilístico. Resultados: En las habilidades para la vida prevalecen: empatía (65,4 %), toma de decisiones (57,9 %), solución de problemas y conflictos (62,6 %). Los riesgos psicosociales identificados son: relacional (81,3 %), intergrupal (95,3 %), personal (97,2 %), psicológico (96,3 %), y comunitarios (96,3 %). Existe correlación entre manejo de sentimientos y emociones, tensiones y estrés con regulación emocional y reconocimiento de fuentes de estrés (p=0,566); manejo de tensiones y estrés, y comunicación efectiva y asertiva con humildad y estrategias específicas (p=0,5) como respirar profundamente y tener pensamientos saludables (p=0,605). Conclusiones: Una relación sana con los padres mejora sus habilidades para la vida, pero disminuye el reconocimiento de riesgos en el hogar y el ambiente; interacciones conflictivas con los padres afectan las habilidades para la vida; manejar sentimientos y emociones se relaciona con la regulación y expresión emocional, así, quien aprehende afectivamente a explorar su vida emocional tiene mejores habilidades para identificarlas, implementarlas y expresarlas al momento de tomar decisiones.
Abstract Objective: This paper aims to analyze the relationship between life skills and vital risks in adolescents who attend school. Method: This is a quantitative correlational descriptive-research; in this research a scale based on life skills by Diaz, Rosero, Melo and Aponte (2013) was applied, and also a vital risk identification questionnaire and a sheet of characterization were designed. 107 from ninth, tenth and eleventh grade students (adolescents aged 12-17) of a public high school from Armenia (Col) through a non-probabilistic were selected and sampled. Results: As result, life skills such as: empathy (65,4 %), decision-making (57,9 %), problem and conflict solving (62,6 %). Identified psychosocial risks are, as follows: relational (81,3 %), intergroup (95,3 %), staff (97,2 %), psychological (96,3 %), community (96,3 %). There is a correlation between feelings and emotions, tensions and stress with emotional regulation and recognition of sources of stress management (p = 0,566); tension and stress management, and effective and assertive communication with humility (p = 0,5) and specific strategies such as breathing deeply and thinking healthy thoughts (p = 0,605). Conclusions: A healthy relationship with parents improves life skills, but the recognition of risks at home and the environment decreases. Conflicting interactions with parents affect life skills. To cope with feelings and emotions is related with regulation and emotional expression, thus, who apprehends affectionately to explore on its own emotional life, has better skills to identify, implement and express them when making decisions.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Aptitude , Parents , Problem Solving , Students , Affect , Social Vulnerability , Decision Making , Environment , Emotional RegulationABSTRACT
This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of group life sills training on the life expectancy and psychological well-being of female students under the auspices of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. The population of the present study consisted of all female students under the auspices of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz in 2016-17. The sample included 50 students who obtained the lowest scores in the Snyder's Life Expectancy Scale and Ryff's Psychological Well-being Scale. They were randomly assigned to experimental group and control group. This semi-experimental design consisted of a pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Firstly, both groups responded to the research tools, and then the experimental group received 13 sessions life skills training, each session 90 minutes (one session per week), while the control group did not receive any intervention. Once the intervention was over, both groups responded to the research tools and the follow-up test was performed one month after the post-test on both groups. The findings were analyzed using MANCOVA. The results showed that life skills training increased life expectancy and psychological well-being in experimental group compared to control group. According to the results, life skills training could be used to increase the life expectancy and psychological well-being of girls
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Social Welfare/psychology , Effectiveness , Control Groups , Multivariate Analysis , Analysis of Variance , Follow-Up Studies , Life Expectancy/trendsABSTRACT
Este estudo tem por objetivo apresentar um relato de experiência de um projeto que realizou oficinas e palestras sobre habilidades sociais e de vida em diferentes contextos educativos. As ações extensionistas são desenvolvidas com estudantes, docentes e funcionários técnicos-administrativos de uma universidade pública e alunos, professores e demais funcionários de escolas públicas da educação básica, localizadas no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. São apresentadas quatro oficinas e uma palestra realizadas na universidade e nas escolas. Todas as ações foram baseadas na promoção das habilidades sociais e de vida e evidenciaram, por meio dos relatos dos participantes, alguns ganhos no autoconhecimento e satisfação com atividades propostas. Ao final são analisados o impacto das atividades e os desafios que envolveram o projeto com foco na promoção de saúde mental e prevenção do suicídio.(AU)
This study aims to present an experience report of a project that conducted workshops and lectures on social and life skills in different educational contexts. Extension actions are developed with students, teachers and technical-administrative staff of a public university and students, teachers and other employees of public primary schools, located in the State of Rio de Janeiro. Four workshops and a lecture are described in the university and schools. All actions were based on the promotion of social and life skills and showed, through the participants' reports, some gains in self-knowledge and satisfaction with proposed activities. At the end, the impact of the activities and the challenges involved in the project, focusing on the promotion of mental health and suicide prevention, are analyzed.(AU)
Este estudio tiene por objetivo presentar un relato de experiencia de un proyecto que realizó talleres y conferencias sobre habilidades sociales y de vida en diferentes contextos educativos. Las acciones extensionistas se desarrollan con estudiantes, docentes y funcionarios técnicos-administrativos de una universidad pública y alumnos, profesores y demás funcionarios de escuelas públicas de educación básica, ubicadas en el Estado de Río de Janeiro. Se describen cuatro talleres y una conferencia en la universidad y en las escuelas. Todas las acciones se basaron en la promoción de las habilidades sociales y de vida y evidenciaron, a través de los relatos de los participantes, algunas ganancias en el autoconocimiento y satisfacción con actividades propuestas. Al final se analizan el impacto de las actividades y los desafíos que involucraron el proyecto con foco en la promoción de salud mental y prevención del suicidio.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Suicide/psychology , Mental Health , Universities , Education, Primary and Secondary , Social SkillsABSTRACT
Esta investigación analiza cómo las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) son una herramienta para la integración social de grupos desfavorecidos. Para ello, se ha estudiado la relación existente entre el grado de competencia digital de un grupo de jóvenes en exclusión social de los Programas de Cualificación Profesional Inicial de la Fundación Federico Ozanam de Zaragoza (España) y su sentimiento de pertenencia al grupo social mayoritario. Se ha evaluado la posesión de capacidades sociales, las denominadas habilidades para la vida establecidas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud, los hábitos relacionales e informativos y el sentimiento de empoderamiento de la muestra en contextos digitales. El objetivo era averiguar si existía una relación directamente proporcional entre estos factores y el sentimiento de integración. Los resultados son positivos en la mayoría de indicadores estudiados.
This research project aims to assess how information and communication technologies (ICTs) are a tool for the social integration of disadvantaged groups. To that end, we studied a group of young people in social exclusion from the Initial Professional Qualification Programs of the Federico Ozanam Foundation in Zaragoza (Spain); we focused on the relationship between their level of digital literacy and their feeling of integration in the main social group. We evaluated their social capacities, their life skills as defined by the World Health Organization, their relational and informative habits and their feeling of empowerment in digital contexts. The goal was to find out if the relationship between these factors and their feeling of integration was directly proportional. The results were positive for most of the indicatives studied.
O estudo visa avaliar se as Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) são ferramentas para a inclusão social de grupos desfavorecidos. Com esse intuito, estudamos um grupo de jovens em exclusão social participantes dos Programas de Qualificação Profissional Inicial da Fundação Federico Ozanam em Zaragoza (Espanha) e a relação entre seu nível de competência digital e seu sentimento de pertença ao grupo social majoritário. Analisamos as capacidades sociais, as chamadas habilidades de vida estabelecidas pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, os costumes relacionais e informativos e o sentimento de empoderamento da amostra em contextos digitais. O objetivo era descobrir se existia uma relação diretamente proporcional entre estes fatores e o sentimento de integração. Os resultados foram positivos na maioria de indicativos estudados.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Public Policy , Social Justice , Education , Information TechnologyABSTRACT
Resumen La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar las habilidades socio-emocionales asociadas al perfil del policía mediador en Colombia. En principio se realizó una revisión en fuentes documentales especializadas frente al tema, posteriormente, se utilizó una metodología de tipo descriptiva e hipotética-deductiva, haciendo referencia a la identificación de las habilidades para la vida presentes en un mayor o menor nivel, en los estudiantes bachilleres y profesionales futuros oficiales de la Policía Nacional, relacionada con el perfil del policía como mediador. Dentro de los resultados obtenidos se encontró que es necesario que el policía mediador potencialice una serie de competencias emocionales, sociales y cognitivas, entre las cuales están las siguientes habilidades: conocimiento de sí mismo, empatía, integridad, autocontrol emocional y de situaciones de estrés; capacidad para solucionar problemas y conflictos, comunicación efectiva, sensibilidad social, pensamiento crítico y creativo. Lo anterior sirve de base en el proceso de formación como policía y de especialización del policía como mediador.
Abstract This study intended to analyze the psychosocial characteristics associated with the profile of mediator police officer in Colombia. At the beginning of the process, a review was performed using specialized documentary sources, and then ground theory was used to analyze eleven interviews with experts, with the aim of having a general appreciation of the psychosocial features associated to the profile of mediation officer. Simultaneously, we carried out a transversal, descriptive, hypothetical-deductive quantitative study on the identification of life skills in secondary school students and future professional officers of the National Police. Among results, we found that mediation officers need to strengthen certain emotional, social and cognitive skills, including self-knowledge, empathy, integrity, emotional self-control and self-control under stressful situations, problem and conflict solving, effective communication, social sensitivity, critical thinking, and creativity. This serves as a basis in the training process of police officers and specialization of officers as mediators.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Diarrhoeal disease is the second leading cause of death and accounting for 9% of all deaths among children under 5years worldwide in 2015. It is both preventable and treatable. Rehydration therapy is a critical intervention to save the lives of children during the episodes of diarrhoea. Objective: Study was conducted to identify the gap between knowledge and practices of ORS use in diarrhoea among mothers of under 5 year’s children and treatment practices during diarrhoea. Material and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted by using pretested, semi structured interview schedule, among 320 mothers, of children under 5years who suffered from diarrhoea within two weeks before study, in field-practice areas of UHTC and RHTC, Jhalawar Medical College, Jhalawar (Raj.) from February 2017 to July 2017. Results: Among 320 children, 50% children had diarrhoea of age >6 month to 24 months. Majority of mothers (41.5%) were educated up to secondary level. 95% mothers knew the ORS but exact knowledge about preparation and use of ORS was only 29.3%. Majority of mothers got knowledge from Doctors. ORS use was 88.7% in rural area and 85.6% in urban area. Use of Zinc preparation was 2.5% and antibiotics was 76.5% during diarrhoea. Statistically significant association was found between education of mother, vaccination of children for measles and supplementation of Vitamin A with the knowledge about ORS of mothers. Conclusion: In present study knowledge and use of ORS is fairly good but the correct preparation and use of ORS is only among 29%.
ABSTRACT
Resumen El modelo que ofrece la Organización Mundial de la Salud y la Organización Panamericana de la Salud, desde una perspectiva de salubridad y de productividad, es insuficiente para el desarrollo de estas habilidades como factor protector para la prevención de conductas como el consumo temprano de sustancias psicoactivas, toda vez que, según el análisis realizado de los relatos de los adolescentes participantes de la investigación, muestra que existe la percepción de que el modelo es asistencialista y limitado a la enseñanza de los conceptos; por tanto, se realiza un acercamiento crítico y se propone una mirada desde el enfoque de las capacidades de Martha Nussbaum.
Abstract The model offered by the World Health Organization and the Pan American Health Organization, from a health and productivity perspective, is insufficient for the development of these skills as a protective factor for the prevention of conducts, such as early consumption of psychoactive substances, every time that, according to the analysis of the accounts of the adolescents participating in this research, shows that there is a perception that this model is welfare oriented and limited to the teaching of the Concepts. Therefore, a critical approach is carried out and a look from Martha Nussbaum's capabilities approach is proposed.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of Williams life skills training (WLST) on preoperative anxiety and trait coping strategies in patients undergoing general anesthesia for elective surgery. Methods A total of 120 patients undergoing general anesthesia for elective surgery were randomly divided into observation group and control group according to random number table method with 60 cases each. The control group was given general preoperative nursing intervention, on the basis of which the observation group gave WLST. Before and after the intervention, the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale and Trait Coping Style Questionnaire were used to evaluate the patients. Results Before intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). After intervention, the preoperative anxiety and information needs scores of the observation group was (10.02 ± 2.53) and (4.02 ± 1.05) points respectively, while in the control group was (15.89 ± 3.20) and (7.96 ± 1.62) points respectively, the difference was statistically significant (t=7.952, 8.447, P<0.05), and negative coping score was (29.07 ± 6.14) points lower than the control group (33.86 ± 7.12) points, positive response score was (33.89 ± 7.64) points higher than the control group (29.77 ± 6.71) points, the difference was statistically significant (t = 7.647, 7.981, P <0.05). Conclusion WLST can effectively improve preoperative anxiety in patients undergoing general anesthesia and improve their coping ability, which is conducive to the successful implementation of anesthesia and surgery.