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Non-invasive control of the drug molecules accessibility is a key issue in improving diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Some studies have explored the spatiotemporal control by light as a peripheral stimulus. Phototriggered drug delivery systems (PTDDSs) have received interest in the past decade among biological researchers due to their capability the control drug release. To this end, a wide range of phototrigger molecular structures participated in the DDSs to serve additional efficiency and a high-conversion release of active fragments under light irradiation. Up to now, several categories of PTDDSs have been extended to upgrade the performance of controlled delivery of therapeutic agents based on well-known phototrigger molecular structures like o-nitrobenzyl, coumarinyl, anthracenyl, quinolinyl, o-hydroxycinnamate and hydroxyphenacyl, where either of one endows an exclusive feature and distinct mechanistic approach. This review conveys the design, photochemical properties and essential mechanism of the most important phototriggered structures for the release of single and dual (similar or different) active molecules that have the ability to quickly reason of the large variety of dynamic biological phenomena for biomedical applications like photo-regulated drug release, synergistic outcomes, real-time monitoring, and biocompatibility potential.
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Objective To investigate the effect of red light irradiation therapy on postherpetic neuralgia and the improvement in the life quality of patients.Methods Ninety patients with postherpetic neuralgia diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2013 to August 2016 were randomly divided into red light irradiation group (n=45) and control group(n=45).The control group was given gabapentin 400 mg once daily for 14 days.On the basis of routine drug treatment, the red light irradiation group was treated with red light irradiation for 15-30 minutes, once daily for 10 days. The serum levels of interleukin(IL)-2,IL-6 and IL-10 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The intensity of pain was evaluated by VAS score,and the quality of life was assessed by DLQI. Results Before treatment,there were no significant differences in serum levels of IL-2,IL-6 and IL-10 between two groups.After treatment,the serum levels of IL-2 and IL-10 were significantly higher in red light irradiation group than those of the control group(P<0.05),and the level of IL-6 was significantly lower in red light irradiation group than that of the control group(P<0.05).Before treatment,there was no significant difference in the VAS score between the two groups.After treatment,the VAS score was significantly lower in the red light irradiation group than that of the control group (P<0.05). Before treatment, there were no significant differences in DLQI scores between the two groups.After treatment,the DLQI scores were significantly lower in the red light irradiation group than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The treatment of postherpetic neuralgia with red light irradiation can provide effective relief of pain and improve the life quality of patients.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of red light irradiation on serum phosphorus reduction in hemodialysis.Methods Sixty maintenance hemodialysis patients were divided into treatment group and control group.During the hemodialysis,the blood in the extracorporeal circulation tube of the patents in the treatment group was irradiated with red light by a MRX-1 red light therapy system.The irradiation was continued for 60 minutes each time,and one course of the treatment contained 10 times of irradiations.Patients in the control group were subjected to hemodialysis by conventional methods.The serum phosphate levels of all patients were measured before and after the treatment.Results The symptoms of dialysis disequilibrium of the patients in the treatment group were alleviated.There was no significant difference in serum phosphate levels between the treatment group and the control group before hemodialysis,while a statistically significant difference was found after the treatment (P＜0.05).Conclusions Hemodialysis combined with red light irradiation on external blood trails can contribute to the decrease of serum phosphate levels in maintenance hemodialysis patients.
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Objective To observe the effect of red light facial synthesis combined with comprehensive facial therapy on corticosteroid dependent dermatitis (hormone dependent dermatitis) and summarize the nursing strategies. Methods About 160 patients with hormone dependent dermatitis hospitalized in our hospital from June 2015 to March 2016, were equally divided into control group and study group:the control group was treated with conventional comprehensive therapy, while the study group with 30 min red light irradiation together with the nursing measures in the control group. The total symptom scores of the two groups were evaluated before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment. Results Before treatment, the total symptom scores of the control group were no significant difference between them (P>0.05). After treatment,the treatment effect of the study group was significantly better than that of the control group and the scores of ISS SSRI were lower than those of the control group . Conclusion The red light radiation combined with comprehensive facial therapy is effective in the treatment of corticosteroid dependent dermatitis and related nursing should be done well to promote patients relovery.
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BACKGROUND: Both stellate ganglion block (SGB) and polarized light irradiation (Superlizer) have a tendency to increase blood flow. Increases in blood flow can be estimated indirectly by changes in tympanic membrane temperature. In this study, we sought to evaluate how simultaneous SGB and Superlizer treatment affects tympanic temperature and tympanic blood flow in individuals suffering from sudden deafness. METHODS: Among patients who visited the pain clinic complaining of sudden deafness, we divided them into two groups: one receiving only SGB; the other receiving both SGB and Superlizer treatment. By comparing the tympanic membrane temperature measurements of both groups on 10, 30, and 60 minutes after treatment through a prospective study, we intended to evaluate the effect of treatment with SGB and Superlizer. RESULTS: Temperature changes measured after the injection were statistically significant in both groups. Temperature changes of the tympanic membrane were greater in the group who received both SGB and Superlizer compared to the group receiving only SGB. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that SGB followed by Superlizer has effects on the amount of increase in tympanic membrane temperature. This seems to be attributed to the increase in blood circulation of the inner ear compared with the group receiving only SGB. We came to the conclusion that in sudden deafness patients, the use of SGB combined with polarized light irradiation appears to be more effective in the treatment of sudden deafness.
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Humans , Blood Circulation , Ear, Inner , Hearing Loss, Sudden , Light , Pain Clinics , Porphyrins , Prospective Studies , Stellate Ganglion , Stress, Psychological , Tympanic MembraneABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin film photocatalyst generates strong oxidizing power when illuminated with Ultra Violet (UV) light with wavelengths of less than 385 nm. In this study, we evaluated the bactericidal activity of it against Escherichia coli, Aspergillus fumigatus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. METHODS: The TiO2 film were prepared from titanium isopropoxide solution and it was coated on either inner(test) or outer(control) side on Petri dish. annealing at 500 degrees C. The test and control suspension of E. coli, A. fumigatus and M. tuberculosis were grown in the chamber coated inner and outer side. respectively with UV light. For the blank, cell suspensions were grown in TiO2 coated Petri dishes without UV light. The bactericidal activities were estimated by survival ratio calculated from the number of viable cells which form the nutrient agar. RESULTS: In the test, the survival ratio for E. coli and M tuberculosis decreased to a negligible level (i.e., essentially complete sterilization) within 1hr and 2 hr, respectively. and that for 11. fumigatus decreased markedly to about 15% within 6 hr. In the control, the survival ratio for E. coli, A. fumigatus and M. tuberculosis decreased to 40% within 150 min. 6 he and 2 hr, respectively. In the blank, the survival ratio for E. coli and M tuberculosis decreased only about 67% within 150 min and 40% within 2hr. In A. fumigatus, TiO2 only caused little Sterilization within 4 hr. CONCLUSIONS: TiO2 photocatalysts under UV light clearly showed bactericidal activity against E. coli, A. fumigarus and M. tuberculosis. This feature render TiO2 photocatalysts to be applicable to eliminate microorganism from indoor air environment combined with ventilation.