ABSTRACT
The objective of this research was to assess oral health status and habits and to explore potential risk factors for dentalcaries among 6-13 years old children with limited access to dental care. A cross-sectional design was used to screen asample of 563 intermediate school children with limited access to oral health care in the Al-Khomrah district, south Jeddah,Saudi Arabia. A stratified random sample was selected and data was collected using an interview questionnaire withextraoral and intraoral examination. The examination aimed at detection of oral health conditions regarding oral hygienestatus, habits, decayed, missing and filled teeth and treatment needs. Treatment of simple and emergency cases wasperformed in the mobile clinic and severe cases were referred to King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Dentistry (KAUFD).The study included 262 males (46.5%) and 301 females (53.3%) with a mean age of 10.99 + 2.07 years. The prevalence ofdecayed, missing or filled primary teeth was 59.1%, 2.5%, and 3.4%, respectively. The corresponding values for permanentteeth were 65.9%, 4.3% and 7.6%, respectively. Males had significantly higher prevalence of caries than females. Theyounger age groups, in case of primary teeth and the older age groups, in case of permanent teeth had significantly higherprevalence of dental caries. The median dmft (95% CI) was 2 (1-2) and the median DMFT (95% CI) was 2 (2-3).Multinomial multiple logistic regression indicated that intensity of primary teeth caries decreased with increasing age andbrushing teeth at least once a day and increased with male gender, living in rented house or having poor oral hygiene. Asregards permanent teeth, the likelihood of having more severe caries increased by child’s age, below secondary schooleducated fathers and/or mothers, being a male, and with poor oral hygiene. Dental caries prevalence and intensity weremoderate among the examined group. Males had significantly higher caries prevalence and intensity than females.
ABSTRACT
<b>Introduction</b> : This study was conducted to estimate actual reasons for encounters and health problems, which is difficult to assess in a free-access system, in an area with limited access to advanced care by using the International Classification of Primary care second edition (ICPC-2).<br><b>Methods</b> : We conducted a retrospective open cohort study on an isolated island in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. We encoded reasons for encounter (RFE) and health problems of all patients using ICPC-2.<br><b>Results</b> : The total number of visits to the clinic was 5682 a year (age 0-14 years, n=862 ; age 15-64 years, n=2205 ; age 65 or older, n=2615). The top 3 RFE classified by organic systems were R (respiratory), S (skin) and L (musculoskeletal). Dementia (ICPC-2 code : P-70) was eighth in the rank of chronic health problem among elderly people. Visits due to health maintenance/prevention (ICPC-2 code : A-98) was third in the rank of new health problem among children.<br><b>Conclusion</b> : In the present study, rankings of major RFE and health problems are similar to those in previous studies. Among elderly people, however, the rank order of dementia among chronic health problems was higher than that in previous studies. In addition, among children, the rank order of health maintenance/prevention among new health problems was higher than that in previous studies.