ABSTRACT
To explore the impact of middle and low dose atorvastatin on peripheral endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in patients with acute myocardial ischemia injury via investigating EPC proliferation, migration, differentiation and secretion of cytokines. Method: A total of 80 patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) were randomly divided into 2 groups: Observation group, the patients received atorvastatin 40 mg and Control group, the patients received atorvastatin 20 mg. n=40 in each group. The number of circulating EPC, EPC proliferation ability and the secretion of cytokines before and at different time points after drug therapy were examined by means of MTT, flow cytometry and ELISA. Results: The number of EPC was obviously increased with greatly changed migration ability within 2 weeks atorvastatin treatment in both groups. The secretion of cytokines presented that the contents of VEGF, bFGF, CXCR were elevating first followed by reducing thereafter, while the content of SIRT1was continuously increasing during the period of treating. The above parameters were similar between 2 groups. Conclusion: Middle and low dose atorvastatin could effectively improve EPC proliferation and migration, increase the expressions of CXCR4, VEGF, bFGF and SIRT1 in STEMI patients.
ABSTRACT
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic lipid metabolic disorder. Common pathogenic genes of FH include low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor gene, apolipoprotein B (ApoB) gene, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) gene, etc. FH is a major cause of premature coronary artery disease. The diagnosis of FH is based on an increase in serum LDL cholesterol(LDL-C), premature cardiovascular diseases, xanthomas and genetic test results. Statins are the mainstay of the treatment of FH. The combination of statin and cholesterol absorption inhibitor or bile acid sequestrant is recommended. Recently, several novel cholesterol-lowering drugs have been approved for the treatment of FH, including PCSK9 inhibitor, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) inhibitor, ApoB synthesis inhibitor, et al.
ABSTRACT
To summarize the data from clinical trials of anti-proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in patients with hypercholesterolaemia. Based on systematic literature review, theresults of clinical trials of different anti-PCSK9 mAbs were presented and evaluated. In phase I, II, III trials, anti-PCSK9 mAbs resulted in 50%-60% reduction in low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) level and had a lower incidence of adverse effects, compared with placebo or ezetimibein patients with hypercholesterolaemia. Anti-PCSK9 mAbs have demonstrated a significant effect of reducing LDL-C and were well tolerated in short-term (up to 52 weeks) trials. Large phase III trials are ongoing to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy as well as the impact of these promising new agents on cardiovascular outcomes.