Trajectory, Perceived Causes and Efforts in Diabetes Selfmanagement: A Qualitative Study Among Young People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Caregivers

@#Introduction: Previous studies have suggested that young individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) face challenges in achieving optimal diabetes self-management, leading to difficulties in attaining the recommended glycaemic target. The reasons behind these suboptimal practices remain unclear due to the limited number of studies conducted in Malaysia that focused on diabetes self-management among young people. This qualitative study aimed to understand the lived experience of young people with T2DM on self-management in Malaysia. Methods: Young people at the age of 10 to 24 years, who had been diagnosed with T2DM and the caregivers who managing young people with T2DM were interviewed. Data were thematically analysed with the aid of QSR NVivo version 12. Results: Sixteen young informants and eleven caregivers participated in this study. Three major themes conceptualised the lived experience of diabetes self-management: (1) the trajectory to T2DM diagnosis; (2) perceived causes of T2DM; (3) the efforts in diabetes self-management. The route of diagnosis and experiential knowledge about T2DM might determine their efforts in the self-management among the young people. Healthy eating, medication taking and physical activity were perceived as important tasks in diabetes self-management. The involvement of the caregivers in diabetes self-management evolved over time. Conclusion: The study highlighted the experience of young people and caregivers since the beginning of the diagnosis and their strategies in diabetes self-management. More understanding of the lived experiences of patients and caregivers in disease management within the socio-ecological context could help to improve health-care services and intervention for this population.

Equalizing The Third Gender Health a Lived Experience Phenomenological Study - A Qualitative Approach

Background: The transgender population is a marginalized social group often targeted for mistreatment and discrimination. This study specifically examined the experiences of transgender people across a range of cate-gories such as: education, employment outcomes, health awareness and mental health status. The study aimed to gain an understanding about the respondents’ unique experiences of discrimination being transgender and health awareness. Materials and Methods: The research applied descriptive qualitative phenomenology design. The study was conducted at Department of Community Medicine, Government Omandurar Medical College and Hospital, Chennai on Trans genders using in-depth interview with an open-ended question semi structured Question-naire after obtaining the informed consent among 4 Transgenders till the data saturation happens. The Tran-scriptions Data were then analyzed using the Colaizzi method. Results: Marginalized socially and economically, Family and peer rejections, Lack of Job opportunities, Con-tinuous rejection and omission leads to Begging and Active Night life (Survival Sex). Health Care Professionals has less knowledge about the transgender health, sex affirmation surgery is still least preferred among doc-tors. NGOs roles are very significant in their quality of life, Periodic medical examination including HIV. Conclusion: Transgender’s and the word are to be transformed as Third Gender. The Social acceptance from the public will do wonders in their life.

Experiences, challenges, and solutions of physical educators in online teaching / Experiências, desafios, soluções e boas práticas de educadores físicos no ensino online

ABSTRACT The study aimed to determine the lived experiences of physical education teachers in online teaching during the pandemic. This study is qualitative in nature, utilizing phenomenological research design to identify the experiences of physical educators teaching online. The participants in the study consisted of four physical education teachers from two private schools, who are experienced in teaching PE in an online class environment. A semi-structured interview was conducted with an open-ended questionnaire. Transcribing, coding, and thematic analysis were used to analyze the data. From the analysis, themes emerged based on the experiences encountered by PE teachers in teaching online in terms of positive experiences, problems encountered, and solutions taken in dealing with problems or difficulties in online teaching. The findings of the study showed that PE teachers had expressed their lived experiences in teaching PE online, with benefits and problems encountered, as well as solutions and best teaching practices during the COVID-19 pandemic.

RESUMO O estudo teve como objetivo conhecer as experiências vividas por professores de educação física no ensino online durante a pandemia. Este estudo é de natureza qualitativa, utilizando desenho de pesquisa fenomenológica para identificar as experiências de educadores físicos ensinando online. Os participantes do estudo foram quatro professores de educação física de duas escolas particulares, com experiência no ensino de EF em ambiente de aula online. Foi realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada com questionário aberto. Para análise dos dados foram utilizadas transcrição, codificação e análise temática. Da análise, surgiram temas baseados nas experiências encontradas pelos professores de EF no ensino online em termos de experiências positivas, problemas encontrados e soluções tomadas ao lidar com problemas ou dificuldades no ensino online. As conclusões do estudo mostraram que os professores de EF expressaram as suas experiências vividas no ensino de EF online, com os benefícios e problemas encontrados, bem como as soluções e melhores práticas de ensino durante a pandemia da COVID-19.

EXPLORING ACTUAL CAUSES OF SUICIDE: LIVED EXPERIENCE OF SUICIDE SURVIVORS IN KOLKATA, INDIA

Background: An increasing rate of suicide by different age groups of people is a grievous social problem in the world. India is not an exception. This study aims to identify the actual causes of suicide by analysing the lived experiences of suicide survivors and explore the preventive strategy. A phenomenological approach wa Methodology: s used. As study participants, nine suicide survivors selected through snowball sampling were face to face interviewed. The Results: lived experience of suicide survivors is summarized into four themes: the first theme is feelings during suicide attempts, the second theme is the perception of triggers, the third theme is behavioural changes and the fourth theme is expectations. At the time of attempting suicide or before it if people get support from society, and feel desired and loved they won't attempt suicide. Strong informal social connectedness to preve Conclusion: nt suicide is not only relevant but essential to prevention efforts.

Hermeneutic phenomenology of lived experience of family caregivers of critically-ill patients sustained by healthcare technologies in Benin City, Nigeria

Background: Critical illness causes a severe financial impact on households not only because of illness-related inability to work but also because of the cost of medical care. Although the patients have the potential for recovery, they are usually presented with a life-threatening situation. Our study aimed to explore the lived experience of family caregivers caring for critically-ill patients. Materials and Methods: A qualitative study using a hermeneutic phenomenological design, to explore the lived experience of ten family caregivers caring for critically-ill patients admitted to the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin-city in 2022. This study followed a hermeneutic phenomenological design using an in-depth interview of ten family caregivers who met the inclusion criteria: a family member who participated actively in the care was included. Data were collected, transcribed, and analyzed using Nvivo software and Paul Ricoeur’s theory for interpretation. Results: Based on Paul Ricoeur’s theory of interpretation, five themes were identified as the experience of family caregivers: caring neglect, psychological support, and words of encouragement, lack of confidence in nursing intervention, hopeless situation, and financial burden. Conclusion: This study shows that understanding the experience of family caregivers provides better and quality care. It also found that the hospital management needs to be aware of the identified caring neglect among family caregivers and provide a comprehensive health policy to accommodate their physiological needs while in the hospital

Activity and participation experiences of people with disabilities in Ethiopia

Ethiopia, as a State Party to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD), has committed to upholding the rights of people with disabilities in Ethiopia. There is little evidence, however, reflecting the impact of this commitment on the lived experiences of people with disabilities in Ethiopia. Objectives: This study sought to uncover how the experiences of participation and activity shape the enactment of rights for Ethiopians with disabilities as enshrined in the UNCRPD. Method: Analysis of 25 qualitative interviews with people with disabilities and family members living in Ethiopia used a reflexive thematic analysis approach to arrive at central themes. Results: People with disabilities in Ethiopia experience marginalization, distress and practical challenges in both routine daily activities and participation in broader social roles and opportunities. These experiences affect their ability to claim many of the rights afforded by the UNCRPD. Conclusion: Despite legislative efforts to bring about change in Ethiopia, people with disabilities continue to live on the social margins. A meaningful change will require substantial allocation of needed resources by the Ethiopian government to support national-level programs and policy change. It is critical that people with disabilities and their families are engaged in receiving relevant support and serve as change leaders. Contribution: This study illustrates how marginalization, distress and practical challenges in daily activities and social participation arise and are sustained for people with disabilities in Ethiopia. The findings can help to inform the country's efforts to enact the rights of Ethiopians with disabilities as enshrined in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

Activity and participation experiences of people with disabilities in Ethiopia

Ethiopia, as a State Party to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD), has committed to upholding the rights of people with disabilities in Ethiopia. There is little evidence, however, reflecting the impact of this commitment on the lived experiences of people with disabilities in Ethiopia. Objectives: This study sought to uncover how the experiences of participation and activity shape the enactment of rights for Ethiopians with disabilities as enshrined in the UNCRPD. Method: Analysis of 25 qualitative interviews with people with disabilities and family members living in Ethiopia used a reflexive thematic analysis approach to arrive at central themes. Results: People with disabilities in Ethiopia experience marginalisation, distress and practical challenges in both routine daily activities and participation in broader social roles and opportunities. These experiences affect their ability to claim many of the rights afforded by the UNCRPD. Conclusion: Despite legislative efforts to bring about change in Ethiopia, people with disabilities continue to live on the social margins. A meaningful change will require substantial allocation of needed resources by the Ethiopian government to support national-level programmes and policy change. It is critical that people with disabilities and their families are engaged in receiving relevant support and serve as change leaders. Contribution: This study illustrates how marginalisation, distress and practical challenges in daily activities and social participation arise and are sustained for people with disabilities in Ethiopia. The findings can help to inform the country's efforts to enact the rights of Ethiopians with disabilities as enshrined in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

Rol del cuidador familiar novel de adultos en situación de dependencia: Scoping Review / Role of Novice Family Caregivers of Dependent Adults: A Scoping Review / Papel do novo cuidador familiar de adultos em situação de dependência: Scoping Review

Resumen Introducción El incremento del número de personas adultas, en situación de dependencia, discapacidad y con necesidades de cuidado, ha generado el surgimiento de los cuidadores familiares, quienes asumen esta responsabilidad, sin la formación o conocimientos previos, situación que puede comprometer el desempeño de este nuevo rol y sus resultados en el receptor de cuidado. Materiales y Métodos Se realizó un Scoping Review con la metodología de Arksey y O'Malley, que incluyó la revisión de los estudios disponibles en bases de datos en línea, en idioma inglés y español, a partir de lo cual se extrajo información relacionada con la asunción del rol de cuidador familiar novel de adultos en situación de dependencia. Resultados Se incluyeron un total de 42 artículos y surgieron cinco temas; que incluyen, las tendencias sociodemográficas, la trayectoria y dinámicas a lo largo del tiempo, las transiciones que implica el nuevo rol, la participación en la toma de decisiones y los dominios e impactos en quien ejerce el cuidado. Discusión Se evidenció que ejercer el rol de cuidador familiar novel de personas en situación de dependencia, implica adquirir una serie de competencias, conocimientos, y habilidades, además; de requerir un adecuado soporte social, aspectos que deben ser explorados, reconocidos y abordados por Enfermería. Conclusiones Este estudio proporciona información para comprender las experiencias e implicaciones que tiene convertirse en cuidador novel, de forma que los profesionales de la salud adapten las intervenciones destinadas a apoyar a los cuidadores y mejorar su bienestar.

Abstract Introduction An increase in the number of adults with dependencies, disabilities or care needs has led to the emergence of family caregivers, who regularly assume this responsibility without any previous training or knowledge, which may result in compromising their performance in this new role and their outcomes in care recipients. Materials and Methods A scoping review was conducted following Arksey and O'Malley's scoping framework, which included the review of studies in English and Spanish that are available in online databases to extract the information related to the adoption of the role of novice family caregiver of dependent adults. Results A total of 42 articles was selected from which five major themes were identified, including sociodemographic trends, course and dynamics over time, transitions involved in this new role, participation in decision making, and domains and impacts on caregivers. Discussion Performing the role of a novice family caregiver of dependent adults involves acquiring a series of competencies, knowledge and skills, as well as requiring adequate social support, all of which are aspects that should be explored, recognized and addresses by nursing professionals. Conclusions This study provides information to understand the experiences and implications of becoming a novice caregiver, thus enabling healthcare professionals to adapt interventions aimed to support caregivers and improve their well-being.

Resumo Introdução O aumento do número de adultos, em situação de dependência, incapacidade e com necessidades de cuidados, tem gerado o surgimento de cuidadores familiares, que assumem essa responsabilidade, sem formação ou conhecimento prévio, situação que pode comprometer o desempenho deste novo papel e seus resultados no recebedor de cuidados. Materiais e Métodos Foi realizada uma Scoping Review com a metodologia de Arksey e O'Malley, que incluiu uma revisão dos estudos disponíveis em bases de dados on-line, nos idiomas inglês e espanhol, de onde foram extraídas informações relacionadas à aceitação do papel como novo cuidador familiar de adultos em situação de dependência. Resultados Foram incluídos um total de 42 artigos e surgiram cinco temas; que incluem as tendências sociodemográficas, a trajetória e dinâmica ao longo do tempo, as transições implicadas pelo novo papel, a participação na tomada de decisões e os domínios e impactos em quem exerce cuidado. Discussão Evidenciou-se que o exercício da função de novo cuidador familiar de pessoas em situação de dependência implica em adquirir uma série de competências, conhecimentos e habilidades, além disso; de exigir suporte social adequado, aspectos que devem ser explorados, reconhecidos e abordados pela Enfermagem. Conclusões Este estudo fornece informações para compreender as experiências e implicações de se tornar um cuidador iniciante, de forma que os profissionais de saúde adaptem as intervenções destinadas a apoiar aos cuidadores e melhorar seu bem-estar.

A correlational study on physical and mental status of lived experience of hospitalised COVID-19 patient

Background:Some of the public health measures necessary to contain the spread of the pandemic, such as quarantines and social distancing, increase the risk of adverse psychological consequences. A recent review revealed that these risks are greater with longer quarantine periods, when there are infection fears, frustration, boredom, inadequate supplies, inadequate information, and ?nancial loss. COVID-19 pandemic to have disproportionately adverse impacts on mental health of hospitalized groups. COVID-19 is a disease, impact physically but it has been affecting much more the mental health of patient. Aim & Objectives:To Assess physical and mental status of patient during hospitalization and the correlation. To ?nd out the relationship between selected socio-demographic status Age, gender, race, ethnicity, employment, insurance, education, marital status, psychiatric therapies, health literacy, social support, ?nancial distress with the level of mental status. Methods: A cross sectional study with one centre data, collected with selected criteria. Fifty participants were selected for collection of livid experience expressed in local language. Study approach was mix method and Qual-quan design. Assessed by experts and evaluators. Quantitative data collected with checklist and socio demographics detail were collected from patient. Results:Result showed Qualitative themes clearly showed the mental state of patient like “I will die”. Quantitatively Physical status is signi?cantly correlated with mental status, there is a signi?cant statistical co-dependency assessed by Pearson's product moment test. Socio-demographic data age as chai square value physical status (4.54) as mental status (4.59), marital status (5.25) and social support (4.87) is signi?cantly associated with mental status, test done in 0.05 level of signi?cance. Conclusion:Though one centre data is a limitation of the study still it can be visible that COVID -19 patients need mental healing or therapy parallelly with medicines. The mental symptoms should not be secondary cure it must be primary for healing of body

Experiences of Living with HIV: Social Stigma and Discrimination among HIV-Positive Mothers in Southern Thailand

@#Introduction: This paper discusses the lived experience of mothers living with HIV/AIDS in the southern region of Thailand. Methods: We employed semi-structured interviewing and drawing method with 30 HIV-positive mothers. Thematic analysis method was used to analyse the data. Results: Most mothers living with HIV found their HIV status through a blood test service at the Antenatal Care Clinic of local hospitals while some visited the doctors because their partner showed severe symptoms of illness. When they learnt about the infection, they experienced a great shock and feared that illness would be disclosed to others in the community. The women were concerned about keeping HIV secret because they would be blamed by people in locality, labeled as “disgusting” people, and excluded from social networks. Nevertheless, we found that social support played a crucial role in assisting these mothers to cope with their HIV status. Religious beliefs and living positively also helped them to deal with their health conditions. Conclusion: Health care providers should design sensitive programs to promote self-confidence for HIV-positive mothers as this could increase their quality of life. The findings revealed that tangible and emotional support from family members and religious sources, as well as positive thinking, played a significant role in supporting these women to deal with their health and well-being, and negative effect associated with their HIV condition. These can be incorporated into the provision of health care, which would enhance their well-being and reduce the feeling of isolation and discrimination among these vulnerable women.

A experiência de psicólogos em um programa de residência multiprofissional em saúde / The experience of psychologists in a health multiprofessional internship program / Lexpérience des psychologues dans un programme de résidence médicale multidisciplinaire / La experiencia de psicólogos en un programa de residencia multiprofesional en la salud

Resumo Esta pesquisa objetivou compreender a experiência de psicólogos que vivenciaram a formação em residência multiprofissional em saúde. Consistiu em pesquisa qualitativa de caráter exploratório inspirada na fenomenologia husserliana. Realizaram-se encontros dialógicos, entre a pesquisadora e seis participantes provenientes de programas de residência de um município de São Paulo, analisados por meio de narrativas compreensivas e uma narrativa síntese. Evidenciaram-se quatro elementos experienciais significativos: (1) transformação pessoal e profissional desencadeada pela dedicação integral característica da aprendizagem em serviço; (2) apropriação do ser psicólogo privilegiando a construção de práticas interdisciplinares e integralidade no cuidado; (3) apropriação da atenção psicológica estrategicamente desenvolvida conforme a rede assistencial à saúde; e (4) tensão entre exigências e estratégias de ensino e serviço, que se revelou prejudicial ao processo de aprendizagem. Concluiu-se que as vivências intersubjetivas propiciaram aprendizagens significativas de cunho pessoal e profissional, sinalizando a importância de estratégias pedagógicas que considerem os processos afetivo-emocionais vividos pelos residentes.

Abstract This study analyzed the experience of psychologists who went through a multiprofessional internship in public health. It is a qualitative and exploratory investigation inspired by Husserl's phenomenology. The researcher held dialogical encounters with six participants who attended different Multiprofessional Internship Programs in a town in the state of São Paulo, which were then analyzed by composition of comprehensive narratives and a synthesis narrative. Four significant experiencial elements were observed: (1) personal and professional growth stemming from learning in full dedication to the internship; (2) a reassessment of the psychologists' role regarding integrated and interdisciplinary healthcare; (3) a reassessment of psychological attention following an integrated health system; (4) tension between academic and health service demands and strategies interfered negatively on the learning process. Conclusion: the intersubjective experiences provided significant personal and professional learning, implying the importance of pedagogical strategies that consider the affective-emotional processes experienced by residents.

Résumé Cette recherche visait à comprendre l'expérience de psychologues ayant fait l'expérience de formation en résidence dans des établissements de santé multidisciplinaires. Il s'agissait de recherches exploratoires qualitatives basées sur la phénoménologie husserlienne. Des réunions de dialogue ont eu lieu entre la chercheuse et six participants de programmes de résidence dans une ville de São Paulo, analysées par des récits détaillés et un récit de synthèse. Quatre éléments expérientiels significatifs sont évidents: (1) la transformation personnelle et professionnelle déclenchée par le dévouement total caractéristique de l'apprentissage en cours; (2) l'appropriation du psychologue privilégiant la construction de pratiques interdisciplinaires et l'intégralité des soins; (3) l'appropriation des soins psychologiques stratégiquement développés en fonction du réseau de santé; (4) la tension entre les exigences d'enseignement et de service et les stratégies préjudiciables au processus d'apprentissage. Conclusion : les expériences intersubjectives ont fourni un apprentissage personnelle et professionnelle significatif, signalant l'importance des stratégies pédagogiques qui tiennent compte des processus affectifs-émotionnels vécus.

Resumen Esta investigación objetivó comprender la experiencia de psicólogos que han experimentado la formación en residencia multiprofesional en la salud. Es una investigación cualitativa, de carácter exploratorio, basándose en la fenomenología husserliana. Hubo reuniones dialógicas entre la investigadora y seis participantes de programas de residencia en un municipio de São Paulo, que fueron analizadas utilizando narrativas comprensivas y una síntesis narrativa. Se presentaron cuatro elementos experienciales significativos: (1) transformación personal y profesional provocada por el servicio de aprendizaje que requiere dedicación completa; (2) apropiación de la forma de ser un psicólogo que se centra en la construcción de prácticas interdisciplinarias e integridad en el cuidado; (3) apropiación de estrategias de atención psicológica desarrolladas según la red de atención a la salud; y (4) tensión entre exigencias y estrategias de enseñanza y servicio, que resultó perjudicial para el proceso de aprendizaje. Se concluye que las experiencias intersubjetivas proporcionaron aprendizajes personal y profesional significativos, lo que apunta a la importancia de estrategias pedagógicas que consideren los procesos afectivo-emocionales experimentados por los residentes.

Quality of life of persons with permanent colostomy: a phenomenological study / Qualidade de vida de pessoas com colostomia permanente: um estudo fenomenológico

ABSTRACT Objectives: To describe the experiences of persons with permanent colostomy regarding their quality of life. Methods: The study design used descriptive phenomenology following the approach of Collaizzi. There were 12 participants who qualified using purposive sampling based on the inclusion criteria.The data generated were in-depth interviews. Analysis and interpretation used verbatim descriptions. Results: The research data revealed seven themes, namely: limitation in daily living activities, limitations in marital relations and social relationship with others, negative feelings about having the colostomy, financial difficulties, increasing demands of living with colostomy, changes in the needs of rest, physical and expectation of complications, and hoping to live a normal life after colostomy. Conclusion: This study revealed that persons with permanent colostomy experience difficulties and limitations pertaining to daily living activities, including marital and social relations. Importantly, they experience psychological concerns, e.g. having negative feelings about ways of living their lives, including financial difficulties and adjusting to new ways of living. However, there is always the hope to live a normal life. This study provides an understanding of the quality of life of persons with permanent colostomy, allowing nurses to provide appropriate nursing care.

RESUMO Objetivos: Descrever as experiências de pessoas com colostomia permanente quanto à qualidade de vida. Métodos: O desenho do estudo utilizou a fenomenologia descritiva seguindo a abordagem de Collaizzi. Havia 12 participantes que se qualificaram usando amostragem intencional com base nos critérios de inclusão. Os dados gerados foram entrevistas detalhadas. A análise e a interpretação usaram descrições literais. Resultados: Os dados da pesquisa revelaram sete temas, a saber: limitação nas atividades da vida diária, limitações nas relações conjugais e relação social com os outros, sentimentos negativos sobre a colostomia, dificuldades financeiras, crescentes demandas de viver com colostomia, mudanças nas necessidades de repouso, físicas e expectativa de complicações, e esperança de viver uma vida normal após a colostomia. Conclusão: Este estudo revelou que pessoas com colostomia permanente apresentam dificuldades e limitações relativas às atividades da vida diária, incluindo relações conjugais e sociais. É importante destacar que têm preocupações psicológicas, p.ex., sentimentos negativos sobre formas de viver suas vidas, incluindo dificuldades financeiras e adaptação a novas formas de viver. No entanto, há sempre a esperança de viver uma vida normal. Este estudo fornece uma compreensão da qualidade de vida de pessoas com colostomia permanente, possibilitando aos enfermeiros fornecer cuidados de enfermagem apropriados.

Significados de la experiencia vivida del proceso de embarazo y parto de una mujer con diagnóstico de infertilidad que logra concebir mediante técnicas de reproducción asistida / Meanings of lived experience of pregnancy and labor of a woman with infertility diagnosis who did conceive through assisted reproduction techniques

OBJETIVO: Develar la experiencia vivida del proceso de embarazo y parto de una mujer con diagnóstico de infertilidad que logra concebir mediante técnicas de reproducción asistida. MÉTODO: Se trata de un estudio de caso con diseño fenomenológico. Se seleccionó una mujer portadora del fenómeno en estudio que accedió a compartir su experiencia mediante una entrevista en profundidad. La pregunta que guió el estudio fue ¿Cómo se muestra la experiencia vivida del proceso de embarazo y parto de una mujer con diagnóstico de infertilidad que logra concebir mediante técnicas de reproducción asistida? El análisis fue realizado de acuerdo a Streubert(1). Los pasos a seguir fueron: obtener la descripción de la participante, separar los supuestos del investigador ("bracketing"), leer la transcripción hecha "verbatim", revelar esencias, comprender las unidades de significado, desarrollar las descripciones, devolver a la participante para su validación, revisar literatura relevante, y compartir los resultados con la comunidad de enfermería. RESULTADOS: Destacan unidades de significado sobre sufrimiento por el tratamiento y las múltiples pérdidas que enfrenta la entrevistada. Se contraponen felicidad y angustia durante el embarazo, y esperanza al lograr el objetivo de vida planteado con su pareja. Surge el fortalecimiento del vínculo con su esposo, y finalmente miedo ante el verse enfrentada a la maternidad. Como conclusión se permite comprender que las mujeres enfrentadas a TRA tienen necesidades de cuidado únicas, por lo que el rol de enfermería es fundamental, sobre todo de acompañamiento. Se debe seguir estudiando este fenómeno en mujeres chilenas, e involucrar la perspectiva del padre.

OBJECTIVE: Reveal the lived experience of pregnancy and delivery of a woman diagnosed with infertility who did conceive through assisted reproduction techniques. METHOD: This is a case study with a qualitative health research design of phenomenology. The participant was a woman who is carrier of the phenomenon understudy and that agreedto share her experience through an in-depth interview. The study base question was ¿How the pregnancy and delivery process lived experience of a woman with infertility diagnosis who did conceive through assisted reproduction techniques is shown?. According to Streubert(1),the phenomenological analysis process steps are: to obtain the participant's description, to separate the assumptions of the researcher ("bracketing"), to read the transcript made "verbatim". Reveal essences, understand the units of meaning, develop the descriptions, return the participant for validation, review relevant literature, and share the results with the nursing community. RESULTS: There are significant units of meaning of suffering due to the treatment and the multiple losses that the interviewee faces. There is also the contrast between happiness and anguish in the course of pregnancy, and hope for having achieved the goal of life raised with her partner. The strengthening of the bond with her husband arises, and finally fears of being confronted with motherhood. As a conclusion, it is possible to understand that women facing ART have unique care needs, so the role of nursing is fundamental, especially accompaniment. This phenomenon should continue to be studied in Chilean women, and involve the perspective of the father.

A experiência vivida por psicoterapeutas e clientes em psicoterapia de grupo na clínica humanista-fenomenológica: uma pesquisa fenomenológica / L’expérience vécue par les psychothérapeutes et ses clients dans la psychothérapie de groupe en clinique humaniste-phénoménologique: une étude phénoménologique / La experiencia de psicoterapeutas y clientes en la psicoterapia de grupo en la clínica humanística-fenomenológica: un estudio fenomenológico / The experience lived by psychotherapists and clients in group psychotherapy in humanistic phenomenological clinic: a phenomenological study

Este artigo descreve como psicoterapeutas e clientes vivenciam uma experiência em psicoterapia de grupo sob a lente humanista-fenomenológica a partir do recorte de uma pesquisa qualitativa de cunho fenomenológico, utilizando como instrumento de pesquisa as Versões de Sentido escritas por dois psicoterapeutas e dez clientes. A análise fenomenológica crítica dos temas emergentes sugere que, quando pessoas estão juntas na busca por crescimento, num ambiente de cuidado mútuo e aceitação, as suas histórias espontaneamente se cruzam, surgindo uma sabedoria própria do grupo, que o mobiliza em uma direção própria e criativa de dar continuidade à vida. A utilização da lente fenomenológica crítica proporcionou a aproximação aos fenômenos em seus múltiplos contornos, nas infindáveis possibilidades que um grupo de pessoas em processo de psicoterapia pode revelar, anunciando que tudo acontece no entrelaçamento psicoterapeutas-clientes-mundo.

Cet article décrit comment psychothérapeutes et ses clients vivent une expérience en psychothérapie humaniste-phénoménologique de groupe, faite dans le cadre d’une recherche phénoménologique qualitative, qui utilise comme instrument Versions de Sens, écrit par deux thérapeutes et dix clients. L’analyse phénoménologique des questions critiques émergentes suggère que, lorsque les gens sont ensemble dans la quête de la croissance, dans un environnement de soin et entente mutuel, leurs histoires s’entrecroisent spontanément, en dévoilant une sagesse propre du groupe qui le mobilise dans une direction créative d’assurer la continuité de la vie. L’utilisation d’une approche critique phénoménologique a guidé un rapprochement aux phénomènes, avec ses plusieurs contours, moyennant les possibilités infinies qu’un groupe de personnes en processus de psychothérapie pourrait révéler, annonçant que tout se passe dans l’entrelacs psychothérapeutes-clients-monde.

En este texto se describe la experiencia de psicoterapeutas y clientes en psicoterapia humanística-fenomenológica de grupo, hecha a partir de un estudio cualitativo fenomenológico, en el cual se empleó como herramientas de investigación versiones de sentido escritas por dos terapeutas y diez clientes.El análisis fenomenológico de los asuntos críticos emergentes sugiere que cuando las personas están juntas en busca de crecimiento, en un ambiente de mutuo cuidado y aceptación, sus historias se cruzan de forma espontánea, surgiendo así sabiduría del propio grupo, que lo moviliza a una dirección propia y creativa de dar continuidad a la vida. El uso de la perspectiva crítica fenomenológica ha proporcionado una aproximación a los fenómenos en sus múltiples contornos, en las infinitas posibilidades que puede revelar un grupo de personas en el proceso de psicoterapia, anunciando que todo sucede en el entrelazamiento psicoterapeuta-clientes-mundo.

This article describes how psychotherapists and clients live the experience of group psychotherapy under the humanistic-phenomenological view executed as part of qualitative study of phenomenological nature, in which Versions of Meaning written by two psychotherapists and ten clients are used as tools. The critical phenomenological analysis of the emerging issues suggests that when people are together seeking growth, in a mutual care and acceptation atmosphere, their life stories meet and a wisdom that is particular of the group arises, guiding it into its own creative way to continue life. The use of critical phenomenological approach provided an approximation to the phenomena with their multiple outlines, in the varied possibilities that a group of people in the process of psychotherapy can reveal, announcing that everything happens in the interlace psychotherapist-clients-world.

Conversando com as dores crônicas: sobre sugestões hipnóticas e níveis de experiência vivida1 / Conversing with chronic pain: on hypnotic suggestions and levels of living experience / Conversando con los dolores crónicos: sobre sugestiones hipnóticas y niveles de experiencia vivida

Este trabalho busca tecer uma compreensão inicial, em termos clínicos e teóricos, das relações entre os tipos de sugestões hipnóticas e os níveis de experiência vivida de pessoas com dores crônicas. Partindo de duas breves ilustrações clínicas, propõe relações entre os tipos de sugestões que se utilizam dos signos semióticos ícones, índices e símbolos, relacionando-os aos níveis de experiência vivida da pessoa, seja ela vital ou subjetiva. Destaca que, ao mesmo tempo em que as sugestões sempre podem envolver os três tipos de signos, elas podem enfatizar preferencialmente aqueles que melhor se endereçam a determinado nível de experiência vivida. O artigo se conclui ressaltando que a relação entre sugestões hipnóticas e níveis de experiência deve ser concebida numa perspectiva ampla de subjetividade, incluindo principalmente a dimensão do sujeito e suas diferentes formas de autonomia.

This article interweaves basic clinical and theoretical understandings of the relationships between types of hypnotic suggestions and the levels of living experiences described by people with chronic pain. Based on two brief clinical examples, it proposes relationships between the types of suggestions that use the semiotic signs of icons, indexes, and symbols, and relates them to the levels of vital and subjective experience. It is important to note that, while the suggestions can always involve all three types of signs, they can preferentially emphasize those that best address a specific level of living experience. In its conclusion, the article emphasizes that the relationship between hypnotic suggestions and levels of experience should be approached from a perspective of ample subjectivity, especially including the dimension of the subject and its different manners of autonomy

Este trabajo busca establecer una comprensión inicial, en términos clínicos y teóricos, de las relaciones entre los tipos de sugestiones hipnóticas y los niveles de experiencia vivida de personas con dolores crónicos. Partiendo de dos breves ilustraciones clínicas, propone relaciones entre los tipos de sugestiones que utilizan signos semióticos íconos, índices y símbolos relacionándolos con los niveles de experiencia vivida de la persona, sea ella vital o subjetiva. Destaca que, al mismo tiempo en que las sugestiones siempre pueden involucrar a los tres tipos de signos, ellas pueden enfatizar preferencialmente aquellos que mejor se dirigen a un a determinado nivel de experiencia vivida. El artículo concluye resaltando que la relación entre sugestiones hipnóticas y niveles de experiencia debe ser concebida en una perspectiva amplia de subjetividad, incluyendo principalmente la dimensión del sujeto y sus diferentes formas de autonomía

The lived experiences of persons with mental health disorders in public sector employment in the Niger delta region of Nigeria.

Aims: Relative to studies of lived experiences of people with mental health disorders in developed countries, no research has focused on the lived experiences of persons living with mental health disorders in the Niger Delta region and Nigeria in general. Mental health services are not provided at the primary health care level, and only one state hospital provides these services for Rivers State and the surrounding four states. The current understanding of the phenomenology of employment and wellbeing is almost entirely based on studies carried out in developed countries. This study sought to explore the lived experiences of persons with mental health disorders in a public sector employment, to better understand their lived experiences of being employed and to acquire knowledge in an effort to develop supportive programmes for individuals to achieve positive working outcomes. Methodology: Six people working in the public sector who attended an outpatient clinic of the only regional mental health service were interviewed using a qualitative descriptivephenomenological design. Results: Participants reported that work boosts their self worth, information about the disorders and educational supports received from mental health professionals contribute to an improved health and enhance job performance and the value of spiritual support but identified a range of challenges. Conclusion: Implications for policy are discussed.

Vivência de mães na unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal / Mothers’ experience in neonatal intensive care unit / Vivencia de madres en unidad de terapia intensiva neonatal

Estudo descritivo e quantiqualitativo, que objetivou verificar a vivência de mães de recém-nascidos prematurosinternados em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 20 mães, no período de novembro a dezembro de 2010, numa maternidade pública de João Pessoa, Paraíba. Os dados foram analisados à luz da técnica do discurso do sujeito coletivo. Os resultados mostraram que a experiência de ser mãe de um bebê prematuro é muito difícil, deixando-a estressada, com estado emocional fragilizado, realçado por medo da perda do filho, embora reconheça a necessidade do tratamento. Assim, o estabelecimento do vínculo e do toque entre a mãe e o filho tornam-se imperativos para fortalecer o afeto, o apego, a aceitação, pois ao perceber que pode prestar cuidados ao filho, mesmo que hospitalizado, a torna mais confiante e capaz de superar dificuldades e medos.

The aim of this quantitative and qualitative descriptive study was to consider the experience of the mothers of premature newborns hospitalized in a neonatal intensive care unit. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews of 20 mothers at a public maternity facility in João Pessoa, Paraíba, in November and December 2010, and analyzed in the light of the collective subject discourse technique. Results showed that being a mother of a newborn premature is a very difficultexperience, which leaves mothers emotionally fragile, afraid of losing their child, but recognizing the need for treatment. Accordingly, bonding and touch between mother and child are important to strengthen affection, attachment and acceptance. When they realize they can provide care for their child, even though hospitalized, they become more confident and able toovercome difficulties and fears.

Estudio descriptivo y cuanticualitativo que objetivó verificar la vivencia de madres de recién nacidos prematurosinternados en unidad de terapia intensiva neonatal. Fueron hechas entrevistas semiestructuradas com 20 madres, de noviembre a diciembre de 2010, en una maternidad pública de João Pessoa – PB - Brasil. Los datos fueron analizados a la luz de la técnica del discurso del sujeto colectivo. Los resultados revelaron que la experiencia de ser madre de un bebé prematuroes mucho difícil haciéndola estresada, con estado emocional fragilizado, todo eso por miedo de la pérdida del hijo, sinembargo reconozca la necesidad del tratamiento. Así el establecimiento del vínculo y del toque entre la madre y el hijo se vuelven inperativos para fortalecer el afecto, el apego, la aceptación, pues percibiendo que puede cuidar del hijo, aunque hospitalizado, la madre se siente más confiante y capaz de superar dificultades y miedos.

La entrevista fenomenológica: una propuesta para la investigación en psicología y psicoterapia / Phenomenological interview: a proposal for research in psychology and psychotherapy / A entrevista psicológica: uma proposta para a pesquisa em psicologia e psicoterapia

Reconociendo a la entrevista fenomenológica como un instrumento valioso para la recolección de datos en investigaciones cualitativas orientadas a la comprensión del Mundo Vivido de las personas, se proponen orientaciones generales para encuadrar su realización en el contexto de investigaciones en psicología, psicoterapia y desarrollo humano. También se señalan dos dimensiones implicadas en las interacciones: 1) la relacional y 2) la técnica. Y se describen aspectos importantes de tomar en cuenta en cada una de ellas al realizar las entrevistas...

Several general orientations are proposed recognizing the phenomenological interview as a valuable instrument during the collection of data for qualitative research oriented towards the comprehension and understanding of the lived world of people and framing it in the fields of psychology, psychotherapy and human development. Two main dimensions are considered: 1) the relational and 1) the technical one. Some important issues on how to do this kind of interview are also described...

Reconhecendo a entrevista fenomenológica como um instrumento valioso para a coleta de dados em pesquisas qualitativas orientadas à compreensão do Mundo Vivido das pessoas, são propostas orientações gerais para se enquadrar a sua realização no contexto da pesquisa em psicologia, psicoterapia e desenvolvimento humano. São também apontadas duas dimensões implicadas nas interações: 1) a relacional e 2) a técnica e descritos aspectos importantes de serem considerados em cada uma delas, ao se realizar as entrevistas...

Descriptions of stigma among women living with HIV/AIDS (WLWHAs) in Thailand

Persons with HIV/AIDS live with several unwanted or negative effects often called "double stigma" from a genderized inequality and bias perspective when compared with men who have HIV/AIDS. The purpose of this study was to describe the lived experience of fourteen women living with HIV/AIDS from the Northern Upper Thailand area. The data collection included in-depth interviews describing their experiences and enhanced by field notes. Content analysis was used to analyze the data. Trustworthiness was established using the criteria by Lincoln and Guba. The findings of the study revealed that women living with HIV/AIDS are more stigmatized than men with HIV/AIDS. These women continue to live while maintaining multiple roles such as care givers, housekeepers, mothers and as active members of society. The following descriptions of stigma provided thematic categories of the lived experience: personal-stigma, inferiority-stigma, and social stigma. Personal-stigma showed that these women were being "looked down upon," were ashamed and often blamed themselves for their current situation. These women also expressed inferiority-stigma in which other members of their social group insulted and disregarded them as members. Social-stigma was reported in situations of inequality with others. These findings may provide directions to design interventions to assist WLWHAs cope with the diagnosis of the disease and to promote their quality of life.

Una interpretacóón de la psicología cultural: aplicaciones prácticas y principios tórricos / An inerpretationn on cultural psychology: some theoretical principles and applications

En el siguiente trabajo se exponen las bases teóricas y se ilustran algunas aplicaciones de una visión de la psicología cultural alrededor del concepto de "vivencia" y "geografía vital". Según esta perspectiva, el desarrollo humano es el resultado de la participación en prácticas educativas a través de las cuales nos apropiamos de los "signos", "tecnología cultural" o formas explícitas e implícitas de vida compartida. Se postulan dos supuestos y tres características. Los supuestos son que la experiencia psicológica se debe estudiar en el contexto o situación donde ésta se expresa y construye, siendo la "dieta cultural" el alimento de nuestra mente (nuestros recuerdos, temores, percepciones, sentimientos, pensamientos). Las características nos remiten a considerar la vivencia humana como unidad de análisis, en tanto realidad dinámica situada y distribuida y, finalmente, en tanto producto o resultado de la participación en particulares geografías o contextos de vida. Se esbozan aplicaciones en el campo de la psicología clínica y la rehabilitación, en el terreno socioeducativo y en el ámbito de las organizaciones o psicología del trabajo, como ejemplos de prácticas acordes a una psicología orientada culturalmente. Finalmente, se concluye considerando la necesidad de vertebrar la dimensión subjetiva, social y política de la cultura con el objetivo de ofrecer vías de comprensión ecológicas de la mente y conducta humana.

The aim of this paper is to discuss a particular view on cultural psychology focused on "lived experience" and "vital geography" terms. It is provided some theoretical principles and applications of this perspective. According to this view, human development is the result of participation in educational practices through which people appropriate the "signs", "cultural technology" or explicit and implicit forms of shared life. It is postulated two assumptions and three features. The assumptions are: the lived experienced should be studied in the context or situation where it is expressed and constructed, and the "cultural diet" is the food of our psyche (our memories, fears, perceptions, feelings, thoughts). The features remind us to consider the human experience as the unit of analysis, both situated and distributed, and finally, as a product of participation in particular vital geographies. Applications are outlined in the field of clinical psychology and rehabilitation, socioeducative field and in the field of social psychology of organizations, as examples of practices according to a culturally oriented psychology. Finally, it is emphasized the need to take into account the subjective, social and political sides of culture in order to develop an ecological understanding of mind and human behavior.