Association between health literacy and depressive emotion among occupational groups in Shanghai / 环境与职业医学

Background At present, insufficient support for enterprise health environment and career development may lead to severe depressive emotion among occupational groups. Objective To investigate current state of depressive emotion and the relationship between health literacy and depressive emotion among occupational groups in Shanghai, and to provide evidence for formulating health management measures to alleviate depressive emotion among the occupational population. Methods This cross-sectional survey, using two-stage stratified sampling, was from December 2022 to February 2023, and selected 2548 active workers from 151 enterprises in Shanghai. A total of 2489 valid questionnaires were returned, with a recovery rate of 97.68%. Health literacy, internality health locus of control, and depressive emotion were evaluated by the Health Literacy Questionnaire, the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale-Internality Health Locus of Control, and the Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item (PHQ-9), respectively. R 4.2.2 software was used for statistical analysis, binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between health literacy, internality health locus of control, and the risk of depressive emotion, and multiple linear model was used to analyze the correlation between health literacy, internality health locus of control, and PHQ-9 related indicators (total score, affective score, and somatic score). Results A total of 2489 workers aged 18 years and above in Shanghai were included in the analysis, 868 of them reported depressive emotion, and the positive rate of depressive emotion was 34.9%. The total score, affective score, and somatic score of PHQ-9 in M(P25, P75) were 3.00 (0.00, 6.00), 1.00 (0.00, 4.00), and 1.00 (0.00, 3.00), respectively. The results of binary multiple logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for selected confounders, no health literacy (OR=1.32, 95%CI: 1.10, 1.60; P=0.004) and low level of internality health locus of control (OR=1.66, 95%CI: 1.35, 2.05; P < 0.001) were associated with an increased risk of reporting depressive emotion. The results of multiple linear model showed that the lack of health literacy and low internality health locus of control were positively correlated with the total score, affective score, and somatic score of PHQ-9. Conclusion Depressive emotion among the working population in Shanghai is prominent, and more than 1/3 of them report depressive emotion. Lower health literacy and internality health locus of control are related to an increased risk of depressive emotion in the study population. Improving occupational health literacy and enhancing internality health locus of control are expected to prevent depressive emotion in occupational groups.

Differential Effect Of Family Disintegration On The Correlation Of Mental Health To Locus Of Control And Self-Efficacy Of Adolescents

The study aims to explore the relationship of mental health to internal locus of control and self-efficacy of adolescents, and further to explore the differential effect of family integration on the relationship. The descriptive correlational study collected data from a random sample of 1246 adolescent learners from different secondary schools of Kerala by administering standardized psychometric instruments. Statistical analysis brought out that both internal locus of control and self-efficacy of the adolescents from broken and intact families are significantly and positively correlated to their mental health. Significant differences were observed between adolescents from broken and intact families with respect to the correlation of mental health to internal locus of control and self-efficacy. Adolescents from broken families excelled their counterparts from intact families in the degree of relationship between the variables. The study revealed that the mental health of adolescents from broken families is more strongly influenced by their internal locus of control and self-efficacy than that of adolescents from intact families

Model of Psychological Empowerment Based on Structural Equations for Predicting Autonomy / Modelo de empoderamiento psicológico basado en ecuaciones estructurales para predecir la autonomía

Abstract The study relies on the assumption that one of the main effects of phycological empowerment composed by attributes like self-esteem, locus of control, and assertiveness, is increased autonomy. The theoretical arguments are tested based on a structural equation model that allows estimating hypothetical relationships simultaneously. Additionally, differences in means between women and men are estimated for each phycological variable and the hypothetical model is tested separately to both sexes. 1,569 people (56% women) from five Mexican States compose the sample. The average age is 29 years and 59% of the sample has college degrees. The results suggest that psychological empowerment is strongly related to autonomy.

Resumen Este trabajo parte del supuesto de que uno de los principales efectos del empoderamiento psicológico es el incremento de la autonomía, y que atributos como la autoestima, el locus de control y la asertividad lo constituyen. Con base en ello, se probaron ambos planteamientos teóricos a través de un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales, ya que la técnica permite estimar relaciones hipotéticas simultáneamente. Asimismo, se estimaron las diferencias en las medias de cada una de las variables psicológicas entre mujeres y hombres y se probó el mismo modelo hipotético de forma separada para cada sexo. La muestra la conforman 1,569 personas (56% son mujeres) de cinco entidades federativas de México, la edad promedio es de 29 años y el 59% cuentan con estudios universitarios. Los resultados sugieren que el empoderamiento psicológico tiene una fuerte relación con la autonomía.

Evidências de validade da escala de locus de controle da preservação e conservação ambiental / Evidence of validity of the locus scale for environmental preservation and conservation control

A questão ambiental é um campo de grande importância na atualidade, principalmente no que tange aos estudos sobre valores pró-ambientais. Uma interação normalmente investigada consiste na relação entre conexão com a natureza e locus de controle, especialmente considerando a crença por parte do indivíduo de que suas ações sejam importantes para a conservação do meio ambiente. Participaram do estudo 898 estudantes universitários, sendo 452 (49,8%) homens, 456 (50,2%) mulheres de idade média, de 28,87 (DP=8,90) anos, do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Para fins de validade interna, foram empregados procedimentos de análise fatorial. A escala foi analisada também junto à medida de conexão com a natureza, para oferecer uma evidência inicial de validade concorrente. Conexão com a natureza foi mensurada por meio da escala proposta por Mayer e Frantz (2004). A Escala de Locus de Controle da Preservação Ambiental foi desenvolvida neste estudo. Considerando os resultados obtidos, é possível afirmar uma qualidade satisfatória da medida desenvolvida.

The environmental issue is a field of great importance today, especially with regard to studies on pro-environmental values. A commonly investigated interaction is the relationship between connection with nature and locus of control, especially considering the individuals' beliefs that their actions are important for the conservation of the environment. The study included 898 university students, which 452 (49.8%) were men, 456 (50.2%) were women of average age, of 28.87 (SD = 8.90) years old, from the state of Rio de Janeiro. For purposes of internal validity, factor analysis procedures were used. The scale was also analyzed together with the measure of connection with nature, to offer initial evidence of concurrent validity. Connection with nature was measured using the scale proposed by Mayer and Frantz (2004). The Locus Scale for Environmental Preservation Control was developed in this study. Considering the results obtained, it is possible to affirm a satisfactory quality of the measure developed.

Cyberchondria Severity, Health Anxiety, And Health Locus Of Control: The Mediation Role Of Covid-19 Anxiety

@#The current study investigates the relationship among Cyberchondria severity level, health anxiety and health locus of control as a direct response for COVID-19 anxiety among Arab people in the Middle East & North Africa (MENA) and the Gulf States. The study employed four main scales; The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale Syndrome (CASS), Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS). Short Health Anxiety Inventory (SHAI) and the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control – Form C (MHLC-C). The study sample consists of 573 respondents from 15 Arab countries; 243 (42.4%) males and 330 (57.6%) females. Results of the study showed that there are no statistically significant differences between the study participants in the study variables; cyberchondria severity levels, health anxiety, and health locus of control during COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, findings revealed that cyberchondria severity was positively elated o health anxiety (r=0.14, p.03). The mediation simple model revealed that high levels of COVID-19 anxiety syndrome symptoms lead to increased levels of health anxiety, whereas, COVID-19 anxiety and health anxiety cannot mediate the relationship between cyberchondria and health locus of control. Based on the study results, it is recommended that individuals form different Arab countries differ in their COVID-19 anxiety syndrome symptoms which may lead to heightened levels of internet use to seek health information and health anxiety. Also, individuals are characterized by external locus of control, they view that protection from COVID-19 infection depends mainly on the external health systems and other experienced physicians.

Otimismo, autoeficácia e lócus de controle na adesão ao tratamento de pessoas hipertensas / Optimism, self-efficacy and locus of control on hypertension treatment adherence / Optimismo, autoeficacia y locus de control en la adherencia al tratamiento em hipertensos

Este estudo analisou a relação do otimismo, da autoeficácia e do lócus de controle na adesão ao tratamento de pessoas hipertensas, bem como os principais preditores da adesão na amostra selecionada, considerando-se as variáveis sociodemográficas e os construtos psicológicos avaliados. A amostra foi composta de 100 hipertensos, e foram utilizados cinco instrumentos: questionário sociodemográfico e clínico, a Escala de Adesão Terapêutica de Morisky, o Teste de Orientação na Vida, a Escala de Autoeficácia Geral Percebida e a Escala de Lócus de Controle da Saúde. Por meio da técnica de regressão logística, verificou-se que praticar atividade física, não consumir álcool, ter maiores pontuação no lócus de controle acaso e na autoeficácia foram preditores de média e alta adesão ao tratamento. Finalmente, os resultados demonstraram a necessidade de mais investigações acerca da relação entre variáveis psicológicas e aderência ao tratamento hipertensivo, especialmente no que se refere ao lócus de controle acaso e sua influência sobre os comportamentos de saúde.

This study analyzed the association between optimism, self-efficacy and locus of control on treatment adherence of hypertensive adults, as well as the main predictors of adherence from sociodemographic variables and the psychological constructs. The sample consisted of 100 hypertensive patients. Five instruments were applied: sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire, Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, Life Orientation Test, General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale. The logistic regression technique showed that physical activity, not consuming alcohol, and having greater scores in luck locus of control and in the self-efficacy were predictors of medium and high adherence. Finally, results demonstrated the need for further investigations on the relationship between psychological variables and adherence to hypertensive treatment, especially about the influence of the locus of control related to the luck on the health behavior.

Esta investigación examinó la relación entre optimismo, autoeficacia y locus de control en la adherencia de las personas hipertensas, así como sus principales predictores, teniendo en cuenta aspectos sociodemográficos y psicológicos evaluados. La muestra fue compuesta de 100 hipertensos. Se utilizaron cinco instrumentos: cuestionario socio demográfico y clínico, Escala de Adherencia al Tratamiento de Morisky, Test de Optimismo, Escala de Autoeficacia Generalizada y Escala Multidimensional de Locus de Control de la Salud. A través de la técnica de regresión logística se verifico que practicar actividad física, no consumir alcohol y tener mayores puntuaciones en locus de control acaso y la autoeficacia fueron predictores de media y alta adhesión. Finalmente, los resultados demostraron la necesidad de mayores investigaciones acerca de la relación entre variables psicológicas y adherencia al tratamiento, especialmente en lo que se refiere al locus acaso y su influencia sobre los comportamientos de salud.

Predictores psicológicos de la re-ganancia del peso en pacientes bariátricos / Psychological predictors of the regain of weight in bariatric patients

Resumen La cirugía bariátrica permite una pérdida ponderal significativa y acelerada en el corto plazo. La re-ganancia del peso se observa entre el 15 al 30% de los pacientes. Los factores psicológicos explicarían en mayor medida la recuperación del peso en pacientes bariátricos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la capacidad predictiva de las variables "locus de control del peso", "perspectiva temporal" y "autoeficacia, para la re-ganancia del peso en pacientes bariátricos. Estudio multivariado predictivo. Se evalúo a 97 pacientes bariátricos. Los resultados indican que las variables psicológicas "locus de control", "presente fatalista" y "pasado positivo" explican el 27.1% de la varianza de la re-ganancia del peso (p<.001). Este modelo clasifica de forma correcta a un 88.7% de los pacientes. Las variables locus de control del peso, pasado positivo y presente fatalista predicen la re-ganancia del peso.

Abstract Bariatric surgery allows a significant and accelerated weight loss in the short term. The regain of the weight is observed between 15 to 30% of the patients. The psychological factors would explain to a greater extent the recovery of weight in bariatric patients. Aim: To evaluate the predictive capacity of the variables "locus of weight control", "temporal perspective" and "self-efficacy", for the re-gain of weight in bariatric patients. Method: Predictive multivariate study. A total of 97 bariatric patients were evaluated. Results: The psychological variables "locus of control", "present fatalist" and "positive past" explain 27.1% of the variance of the regain of weight (p <.001). This model correctly classifies 88.7% of patients. Conclusion: The variables locus of weight control, positive past and fatalistic present predict the regain of weight.

An Analysis of Individual and Social Factors Affecting Occupational Accidents

BACKGROUND: Workforce health is one of the primary and most challenging issues, particularly in industrialized countries. This article aims at modeling the major factors affecting accidents in the workplace, including general health, work-family conflict, effortereward imbalance, and internal and external locus of control. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Esfahan Steel Company in Iran. A total of 450 participants were divided into two groups—control and case—and the questionnaires were distributed among them. Data were collected through a 7-part questionnaire. Finally, the results were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and Amos software. RESULTS: All the studied variables had a significant relationship with the accident proneness. In the case group, general health with a coefficient of −0.37, work-family conflict with 0.10, effort-reward imbalance with 0.10, internal locus of control with −0.07, and external locus of control with 0.40 had a direct effect on occupational stress. Occupational stress also had a positive direct effect on accident proneness with a coefficient of 0.47. In addition, fitness indices of control group showed general health (−0.35), work-family conflict (0.36), effort-reward imbalance (0.13), internal locus of control (−0.15), and external locus of control (0.12) have a direct effect on occupational stress. Besides, occupational stress with a coefficient of 0.09 had a direct effect on accident proneness. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that although previous studies and the present study showed the effect of stress on accident and accident proneness, some hidden and external factors such as workefamily conflict, effortereward imbalance, and external locus of control that affect stress should also be considered. It helps industries face less occupational stress and, consequently, less occurrence rates of accidents.

Some correlates of academic dishonesty among undergraduates in Ogun state, Nigeria / Algunas correlaciones de deshonestidad académica entre estudiantes universitarios en el estado de Ogun, Nigeria

The purpose of the study is to examine factors associated with academic dishonesty among serial-academically frustrated students in Ogun State, Nigeria. Two hundred and fifty undergraduates registered with the academic empowerment programme at a private university in Nigeria were purposively selected for this study. The ages of the participants ranged from 17 to 21 years. Both the independent and dependent variables were measured with standardised instruments. The results showed that the independent variables jointly and relatively had significant influence on academic dishonesty among the sampled undergraduates. The result also showed gender difference in academic self-efficacy, locus of control and academic dishonesty but had no significant difference on motivation and academic dishonesty among male and female respondents. Implications for this study include the need to encourage character strength and development for enhancing the overall positive classroom behaviours, which eventually lead to successful academic achievement. University school counsellors should be saddled with the responsibility of nurturing the healthy development of all students.

El propósito de este estudio es examinar algunos factores (autoeficacia académica, motivación, lugar de control y género) asociados con la deshonestidad académica. Se seleccionaron 250 participantes de ambos sexos (76% hombres y 24% mujeres) de edades comprendidas entre 17 y 21 años utilizando la técnica de muestreo intencional. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron la escala general de autoeficacia, la escala de motivación académica, la escala de locus de control académico y la escala de deshonestidad académica. Se realizaron coeficientes de correlación, análisis de regresión y pruebas t. Autoeficacia académica, locus de control y motivación relacionada con la deshonestidad académica. Hubo una diferencia de género en la autoeficacia académica, el lugar de control y la deshonestidad académica. Los resultados y las implicaciones se discuten más a fondo.

Recursos de ajuste psicosocial y su relación con la satisfacción con la vida en jóvenes de México / Psychosocial Adjustment Resources and their Relationship with Life Satisfaction in Young People / Recursos de ajuste psicossocial e sua relação com a satisfação com a vida em jovens do México

Resumen Objetivo. Determinar el valor explicativo de los recursos de ajuste psicosocial sobre la satisfacción con la vida, en un grupo de estudiantes egresados de bachillerato. Método. La muestra se seleccionó de un total de 117271 jóvenes que egresaron en 2016 de la educación media superior en los municipios de Navojoa, Hermosillo y Ciudad Obregón, en México. La muestra final estuvo conformada por 2237 participantes, quienes respondieron a cuatro medidas de ajuste psicosocial (autoconcepto, locus de control, afrontamiento y orientación al éxito) y un cuestionario de satisfacción con la vida. Para el análisis de los datos se realizó un modelo de regresión lineal. Resultados. Se encontró que el modelo de regresión final sugiere que el autoconcepto positivo (P = 0.62) y el afrontamiento positivo (P = 0.14) predicen la satisfacción con la vida en los jóvenes egresados de la educación media (R 2 = 0.63). Conclusión. Se observó que el autoconcepto es la variable de mayor determinación sobre la satisfacción con la vida de estos jóvenes, de ahí que su ajuste se relacione fundamentalmente con el autoconcepto, el locus de control y las formas de enfrentar los problemas, variables que deberían considerarse al momento de promover una transición adecuada del bachiller a la educación superior.

Abstract Objective. The present study objective is to determine the explanatory value of psychosocial adjustment resources on life satisfaction in a group of high school graduates. Method. The sample was selected from a total of 117271 young people, who in 2016, graduated from upper secondary education in the municipalities of Navojoa, Hermosillo and Ciudad Obregón, in Mexico. The final sample consisted of 2237 participants, who responded to four measures of psychosocial adjustment (self-concept, locus of control, coping and orientation to success) and a questionnaire of life satisfaction. For the data analysis, a linear regression model was performed. Results. The final regression model suggests that the positive self-concept (P = 0.62) and positive coping (P = 0.14) predict life satisfaction in the high school graduates (R2 = 0.63). Conclusion. The self-concept is the variable with the greatest determination about life satisfaction in the sample. On the other hand, the adjustment profile of adolescents fundamentally depends on their self-concept, their locus of control and their ways of facing the problems, which should be considered in order to promote an adequate transition from high school to higher education.

Resumo Escopo. O presente trabalho tem como escopo determinar o valor explicativo dos recursos de ajuste psicossocial sobre a satisfação com a vida, em um grupo de estudantes graduados do bacharelado. Metodologia. A amostra foi selecionada de um total de 117271 jovens, que graduaram-se no 2016 da educação média-superior nos municípios de Navojoa, Hermosillo e Ciudad Obregón, no México. A amostra final esteve conformada por 2237 participantes, os quais responderam a quatro medidas de ajuste psicossocial (autoconceito, locus de controle, afrontamento e orientação ao sucesso) e um questionário de satisfação com a vida. Para a análise dos dados foi feito um modelo de regressão lineal. Resultados. O modelo de regressão final sugere que o autoconceito positivo (P = 0.62) e o afrontamento positivo (P = 0.14) predizem a satisfação com a vida nos jovens graduados da educação média (R2 = 0.63). Conclusão. O autoconceito é a variável de maior determinação sobre a satisfação com a vida de estes jovens, enquanto, seu ajuste está relacionado fundamentalmente com o autoconceito, o locus de controle e as formas de enfrentar problemas, variáveis que deveriam ser consideradas ao momento de promover uma transição adequada do bacharel à educação superior.

Locus de Control y Morosidad como Predictores del Ejercicio Físico-Deportivo en Estudiantes Universitarios / Locus of Control and Procrastination as Predictors of Physical-Sports Exercise in University Students / Lócus de Controle e Morosidade como Preditores do Exercício Físico-Esportivo em Estudantes Universitários

Resumen El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar los efectos del locus de control y la morosidad sobre el ejercicio físico-deportivo en universitarios. Con las respuestas de una muestra no probabilística de 171 estudiantes, se construyeron, por análisis factorial confirmatorio, un modelo de locus de control y otro de morosidad. Adicionalmente, se probó un modelo de ejercicio físico-deportivo, a partir del análisis de ecuaciones estructurales, donde la morosidad afecta negativamente la práctica de ejercicio físico, los tres modelos poseen índices de bondad de ajuste adecuados. El estudiantado se ubicó en la etapa de preparación según el modelo transteórico de cambio de comportamiento (MTT). La conducta morosa explica 26% de la varianza del ejercicio físico.

Abstract The objective of this research project was to determine the effects of locus of control and procrastination on physical-sports exercise in university students. The answers from a non-probabilistic sample of 171 students were used to build both a locus of control and a procrastination model, through confirmatory factor analysis. Additionally, a physical-sports exercise model was tested on the basis of the analysis of structural equations, in which procrastination negatively affects the practice of physical exercise. The three models feature adequate goodness of fit indexes. According to the transtheoretical model of behavior change (TTM), the students were at the preparation stage. Procrastination behavior accounts for 26% of the variance in physical exercise.

Resumo O objetivo da pesquisa foi determinar os efeitos do locus de controle e da morosidade sobre o exercício físico-esportivo em universitários. Com as respostas de uma amostra não probabilística de 171 estudantes, foram construídos, por análise fatorial confirmatória, um modelo de lócus de controle e outro de morosidade. Adicionalmente, um modelo de exercício físico-esportivo foi testado, a partir da análise de equações estruturais, na qual a morosidade afeta negativamente a prática de exercício físico. Os três modelos apresentam índices de bondade de ajuste adequados. Os estudantes se localizaram na etapa de preparação de acordo com o modelo transteórico de mudança comportamental (MTT). A conduta morosa explica 26% da variância do exercício físico.

Lócus de controle, personalidade, autoeficácia e aspectos emocionais em aspirantes a piloto / Locus of control, personality, self-efficacy and emotional aspects of pilot students / Lócus de control, personalidad, autoeficacia y aspectos emocionales en aspirantes a piloto

O principal objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a relação entre lócus de controle (LOC), fatores de personalidade, autoeficácia, sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse em estudantes de graduação em Ciências Aeronáuticas. 109 participantes foram avaliados utilizando: Inventário dos Cinco Grandes Fatores da Personalidade (IGFP-5); Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - DASS-21; Escala de Autoeficácia Geral Percebida (EAGP), e Escala de Lócus de Controle para Segurança em Aviação. Os resultados indicaram que: Conscienciosidade correlacionou-se com autoeficácia e aspectos emocionais; Abertura e Extroversão obtiveram correlação com autoeficácia; Neuroticismo obteve correlação com autoeficácia e aspectos emocionais. Compreende-se a relevância da autoeficácia em estudantes e profissionais da aeronáutica, uma vez que tal construto relaciona-se com a saúde mental e com os comportamentos de risco.

This study was conducted to verify the relationship between locus of control (LOC), personality characteristics, self-efficacy, and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in adults enrolled in an Aeronautical Science graduation course. One hundred and nine participants were assessed using the following: Big Five Inventory (IGFP-5); Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - DASS-21; General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale (GPSS); and Aviation Safety Locus of Control Scale. Results indicated that: Conscientiousness is correlated to self-efficacy and emotional aspects; Openness and Extraversion are correlated to self-efficacy; and Neuroticism is correlated to self-efficacy and emotional aspects. These results suggest the relevance of self-efficacy in aeronautical students and professionals, since such construct is related to both mental health and rick behavior.

El principal objetivo de este estudio fue comprobar la relación entre locus de control (LOC), factores de personalidad, autoeficacia, síntomas de depresión, ansiedad y estrés en estudiantes de graduación en Ciencias Aeronáuticas. Fueron evaluados 109 participantes, utilizando: Inventario de los Cinco Grandes Factores de la Personalidad (IGFP); Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - DASS-21; Escala de Autoeficacia General Percibida (EAGP), y Escala de Locus de control para seguridad en aviación. Los resultados indicaron que: Responsabilidad se correlacionó con autoeficacia y aspectos emocionales; Apertura y Extraversión obtuvieron correlación con autoeficacia; Neuroticismo obtuvo correlación con autoeficacia y aspectos emocionales. Se comprende la relevancia de la autoeficacia en estudiantes y profesionales de la aeronáutica, ya que tal constructo se relaciona con la salud mental y con los comportamientos de riesgo.

A study on well-being, locus of control, gender and sports

Background: The purpose of the study is to investigate the general well-being in students who playsports at a competitive level and students who don't play sports at a competitive level of the age group 16–22 years.Methods: The sample consisted of 160 participants. 80 participants played sports at a competitive level(out of which 40 were males and 40 were females) and 80 participants did not play sports at a competitivelevel (out of which 40 were males and 40 were females). Method of purposive sampling and conveniencesampling was used for inclusion of participants.Results: The difference of general well-being between internal and external locus of control was significantat F= 11.58, p< 0.000852 and the difference of general well-being between male and female was significantat F=9.46, p<0.002491.Conclusion: Sport in the researcher’s sample, did not have major impact on the general well-being ofstudents. The researcher’s study, was in line with previous researches, saying that gender has a majorimpact on general well-being of an individual, this is because of several psycho-social factors.

A study for exploring the relationship of Internet Addiction with Self-Esteem and Locus of Control

Background: The present study based on Technology and Mental Health is an attempt to explore therelationship of Internet Addiction with Self-Esteem and Locus of Control. Previous research has showed alink between Internet Addiction and Self-Esteem that is if person has low Self-Esteem there are more likelyto be internet addict. In this study there is an attempt to test whether there is any relationship betweenInternet Addiction and Locus of Control and how Self-Esteem and Locus of Control are related.Methods: For this study 30 students of RD National College participated and answered scales of InternetAddiction Test (IAT) given by Dr. Kimberly Young, Rotter’s Locus of Control and Self Esteem scale byRosenberg. Thus, the following hypothesis has been formulated for the present study which is to study therelationship between Internet Addiction with Self-Esteem and Locus of Control. The appropriateinferential statistic to be used is One Way ANOVA as there are 2 IVs with 1 level each.Results: The results obtained are of the 30 students of R.D. National College who participated in thestudy. One way ANOVA for Internet Addiction and Self-Esteem was F-value of 1.745 (not significant).The obtained data had high self-esteem thus showing a negative relationship between Internet Addictionand Self-Esteem.Conclusion: The present study was validated by the previous researches which have stated that high scoreson Internet addiction are negatively related to high self-esteem.

Factors Influencing Self-leadership of Nursing Students according to Locus of Control / 간호행정학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose was to identify factors which affect nursing students' self-leadership according to their locus of control. METHODS: This study was a descriptive research. Participants were 600 D city junior and senior nursing students who had completed clinical training. RESULTS: Results showed the following characteristics of students who had high self-leadership: For students with external locus of control the following correlations with self-leadership were found:, general creativity (r=.46), social support (r=.48), academic self-efficacy (r=.29), and communication competence (r=.49). For students with internal locus of control, self-leadership was correlated with general creativity (r=.46), social support (r=.41), academic self-efficacy(r=.36), and communication competence (r=.48). For the nursing students with external locus of control, age (β=−.24, p=.010), satisfaction with campus life (β=.16, p=.027), general creativity (β=−.20, p=.017), and social support (β=−.20, p=.028) had significant effects on their self-leadership: explanatory power of 44% (F=6.53, p < .001). For students with internal locus of control, self-leadership was effected by general creativity (β=.20, p=.011) and social support (β=.19, p=.012): explanatory power was 42%(F=5.96, p < .001). CONCLUSION: Applying these findings to the curriculum of nursing students would improve their self-leadership and increase the efficiency of organizational culture and contribute to goal achievement in nursing organizations.

Mediating effect of anxiety on relationship between mobile phone addiction and locus of control in college students / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective@#To explore the relationship among mobile phone addiction, locus of control and anxiety in college students.@*Methods@#Using Mobile Phone Addiction Index (MPAI), Internality, Powerful Others, and Chance Scale (IPC), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), 826 college students were surveyed and the data were analyzed by SPSS17.0 and Amos24.0.@*Results@#73.6% college students had mobile phone dependence. College students being addicted to mobile phone got higher scores on chance(20.17±6.65), powerful others(18.74±7.45) and anxiety(45.95±10.41)than non-cellphone dependent students (chance(17.09±6.67), powerful others(15.03±7.65)and anxiety(40.44±8.29)). There were significant differences(all P<0.01). The scores on mobile phone addiction were positively related to chance, powerful others and anxiety (r=0.289, r=0.261, r=0.267, P<0.01). Anxiety played a partial mediating role between chance and mobile phone addiction and the mediating effect was 26.6%.@*Conclusion@#Chance can directly predict mobile phone addiction or indirectly predict cell phone addiction through anxiety.

Health locus of control, body image and self-esteem in individuals with intestinal stoma / Lócus de controle em saúde, imagem corporal e autoestima nos indivíduos com estoma intestinal

Abstract Objective To evaluate the health locus of control, self-esteem, and body image in patients with an intestinal stoma. Method A descriptive, cross-sectional, analytical study conducted at the pole of the ostomates of the city of Pouso Alegre. The study was approved by Research Ethics Committee of Universidade do Vale do Sapucaí. Opinion: 620,459. Patients: 44 patients with an intestinal stoma. Four instruments were used: a questionnaire with demographic and stomatologic data, the Health Locus of Control Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale/UNIFESP-EPM, and the Body Investment Scale. Statistics: Chi-square, Pearson, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. p < 0.05 was determined. Results The majority of patients were over 70 years, 16 (36.4%) were female, 30 (68.2%) were married, 31 (70.5%) were retirees, 31 (70.5%) had an income of 1-3 minimum wages, 32 (72.7%) did not practice physical activity, 18 (40.9%) had an incomplete elementary education, and 35 (79.5%) participated in a support or association group. 33 (75%) participants received the stoma because of a neoplasia; and 33 (75%) had a definitive stoma. In 36 (81.8%) participants, the type of stoma used was a colostomy, and 22 (50%) measured 20-40 mm in diameter; 32 (72.7%) participants used a two-piece device. With regard to complications, there were 29 (65.9%) cases of dermatitis. The mean total score for the Health Locus of Control Scale was 62.84; for the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, 27.66; and for the Body Investment Scale, 39.48. The mean scores for the dimensions internal, powerful others, and chance of the Health Locus of Control Scale were 22.68, 20.68, and 19.50, respectively. With respect to the Body Investment Scale, for the dimensions body image, body care, and body touch, the mean scores were 11.64, 11.00, and 13.09, respectively. Conclusion In this study, the participants showed changes in self-esteem and body image and also showed negative feelings about their body. Ostomized individuals believe that they themselves control their state of health and do not believe that other persons or entities (physician, nurse, friends, family, god, etc.) can assist them in their improvement or cure and, in addition, believe that their health is controlled by chance, without personal or other people's interference.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o lócus de controle da saúde, autoestima e imagem corporal em portadores de estoma intestinal. Método Estudo descritivo, transversal, analítico; realizado no Polo de ostomizados da cidade de Pouso Alegre, aprovado pelo CEP da Universidade do Vale do Sapucaí. Parecer: 620.459. Casuística: 44 pacientes com estoma intestinal. Foram utilizados quatro instrumentos:questionário com dados demográficos e relacionados ao estoma, Escala de Lócus de Controle da Saúde, Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg/UNIFESP-EPM e Body Investment Scale. Estatística: Testes do Qui-quadrado, Pearson, Mann-Whitney e de Kruskal-Wallis. Determinou-se p < 0,05. Resultados A maioria tinha idade acima de 70 anos, 16 (36,4%) eram do gênero feminino, 30 (68,2%) eram casados, 31 (70,5%) aposentados, 31 (70,5%) tinham renda de 1 a 3 salários mínimos, 32 (72,7%) não praticavam atividade física, 18 (40,9%) não completaram o ensino fundamental e 35 (79,5%) participavam de grupo de apoio ou associação. 33 (75%) das causas da confecção do estoma foram por neoplasia e em 33 (75%) o estoma era definitivo. Em 36 (81,8%) o estoma era do tipo colostomia, 22 (50%) mediam de 20 a 40 mm de diâmetro e 32 (72,7%) eram dispositivos duas peças. Com relação às complicações, 29 (65,9%) foram dermatite. A média do escore total da Escala para Locus de Controle da Saúde foi de 62,84; Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg, 27,66; e Body Investment Scale, 39,48. Com relação à média do escore total das dimensões da Escala para Locus de Controle da Saúde, constatamos: Internalidade para saúde, 22,68; Externalidade "outros poderosos", 20,68; e Externalidade para saúde, 19,50. Com relação às dimensões da Body Investment Scale, constatamos: para Imagem corporal, média de 11,64; Cuidado corporal, média de 11,00; e Toque corporal, média de 13,09. Conclusão Os participantes do estudo apresentaram autoestima e imagem corporal alteradas e sentimentos negativos em relação ao corpo. Os ostomizados acreditam que eles próprios controlam o seu estado de saúde e não acreditam que outras pessoas ou entidades (médico, enfermeiro, amigos, familiares, Deus, etc.) possam ajuda-los em sua melhora ou cura e que sua saúde é controlada ao acaso, sem interferência própria ou de outras pessoas.

Correlation study of the locus of control with career adaptability and career decision-making self-efficacy of nursing students / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To study the correlation between the locus of control and career adaptability and career decision-making self-efficacy of nursing students. Methods Totally 500 nursing students from four tertiary hospitals of our province were randomly selected as the investigation object. A total of 500 questionnaires were sent out, invalid questionnaires were excluded, 498 valid questionnaires were recovered, the effective recovery rate was 99.6%. The scores of the subjects were investigated by using the Locus of Control Scale, the Career Adaptability Scale and the Career Choice Efficacy Scale as the evaluation tools. Results The overall average score of the ability of locus of control was higher in this investigation. The overall average score of career adjustment strength was (3.93±1.27) points, which was at a high level. The total score of the career efficacy scale was (3.36±1.17) points. Nursing students in each dimension of career adaptability and internal control had a significant positive correlation (r=0.119-0.241, P<0.05), the correlation existed only between career control and external control type (r=0.134, P<0.05). There were significant positive correlations between the dimensions of career self-efficacy and internal control in occupational nursing students (r=0.102-0.146, P<0.05), but there was no correlation with external control (P>0.05). Conclusions The locus of control and nursing students' career adaptability and career decision-making self-efficacy are closely related, improve the locus of control, and promote the transformation of nursing students attribution from exterior to interior, is the key process of cultivating correct career motivation and career transition for nursing students.

Correlation study of the locus of control with career adaptability and career decision-making self-efficacy of nursing students / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To study the correlation between the locus of control and career adaptability and career decision-making self-efficacy of nursing students. Methods Totally 500 nursing students from four tertiary hospitals of our province were randomly selected as the investigation object. A total of 500 questionnaires were sent out, invalid questionnaires were excluded, 498 valid questionnaires were recovered, the effective recovery rate was 99.6%. The scores of the subjects were investigated by using the Locus of Control Scale, the Career Adaptability Scale and the Career Choice Efficacy Scale as the evaluation tools. Results The overall average score of the ability of locus of control was higher in this investigation. The overall average score of career adjustment strength was (3.93±1.27) points, which was at a high level. The total score of the career efficacy scale was (3.36±1.17) points. Nursing students in each dimension of career adaptability and internal control had a significant positive correlation (r=0.119-0.241, P<0.05), the correlation existed only between career control and external control type (r=0.134, P<0.05). There were significant positive correlations between the dimensions of career self-efficacy and internal control in occupational nursing students (r=0.102-0.146, P<0.05), but there was no correlation with external control (P>0.05). Conclusions The locus of control and nursing students' career adaptability and career decision-making self-efficacy are closely related, improve the locus of control, and promote the transformation of nursing students attribution from exterior to interior, is the key process of cultivating correct career motivation and career transition for nursing students.

Preferencias por las decisiones compartidas en pacientes con depresión / Depressive patients' preferences in shared decision-making / Preferências pelas decisões compartilhadas em pacientes com depressão

This study analyzed the role of psychological processes predicting depressed patients' preferences in clinical decision-making about psychiatric treatment. 462 patients diagnosed with depressive disorders, acute or recurrent, participated in a crosssectional survey. Most participants preferred collaborative-passive or totally passive roles. Results showed no significant differences between acute and recurrent patients in their preference of participation in decision-making, but longer treatment duration was associated with a more passive style. MANCOVA, controlling age, educational level and treatment duration variables, showed that collaborative and passive patients had a greater locus of control focused on their psychiatrist than active patients. Gender differences were found. Men showed greater internal locus of control and psychological reactance, while women showed greater external locus of control focused on chance. Regression analysis indicated that, for men, passive preferred role was explained by external locus centered on their psychiatrist. However, age registered the highest weight for women' passive decision-making, followed by the locus focused on chance, locus focused on the psychiatrist and lower self-efficacy. Our findings suggest the need to study shared decision-making from a differential perspective that involves psychological processes and the impact of these processes in adherence to medical treatments.

En el presente estudio se analizaron los procesos psicológicos asociados con las preferencias de los pacientes con depresión en la toma de decisión sobre su tratamiento psiquiátrico. Participaron 462 pacientes diagnosticados con un trastorno depresivo agudo o recurrente. La mayor parte prefirió asumir un rol colaborativo-pasivo o totalmente pasivo. Los resultados no mostraron diferencias significativas entre pacientes en función de su cronicidad en la preferencia por la toma de decisiones, aunque un mayor tiempo de tratamiento se asoció con un estilo más pasivo. El MANCOVA aplicado al total de participantes, controlando la edad, el nivel educativo y el tiempo de tratamiento, indicó que los pacientes colaborativos y pasivos mostraron mayor locus de control centrado en la confianza en el psiquiatra que los activos. Se encontraron diferencias de género mostrando en los hombres mayor locus de control interno y reactancia psicológica, y en las mujeres, mayor locus centrado en el azar. Los análisis de regresión indicaron que en el caso de los hombres, la preferencia pasiva por la toma de decisión es explicada por el locus centrado en el psiquiatra. Sin embargo, en las mujeres tuvo mayor peso la edad, seguida del locus centrado en el azar, el locus centrado en el psiquiatra y una percepción de menor autoeficacia. Los hallazgos señalan la necesidad de estudiar desde una perspectiva diferencial la participación de los pacientes en la toma de decisión de acuerdo con los procesos psicológicos, así como la repercusión que esta tiene en la adherencia al tratamiento médico.

Neste estudo, analisaram-se os processos psicológicos associados com as preferências dos pacientes com depressão na tomada de decisão sobre seu tratamento psiquiátrico. Participaram 462 pacientes diagnosticados com um transtorno depressivo agudo ou recorrente. A maior parte preferiu assumir um papel colaborativo-passivo ou totalmente passivo. Os resultados não mostraram diferenças significativas entre pacientes em função de sua cronicidade na preferência por tomada de decisões, embora um maior tempo de tratamento tenha sido associado com um estilo mais passivo. O MANCOVA aplicado ao total de participantes, controlando a idade, o nível educativo e o tempo de tratamento, indicou que os pacientes colaborativos e passivos mostraram maior lócus de controle centralizado na confiança no psiquiatra do que os ativos. Constataram-se diferenças de gênero que mostraram nos homens maior lócus de controle interno e reatância psicológica, e, nas mulheres, maior lócus centralizado no aleatório, o lócus centralizado no psiquiatra e uma percepção de menor autoeficácia. Os achados indicam a necessidade de estudar, sob uma perspectiva diferencial, a participação dos pacientes na tomada de decisão de acordo com os processos psicológicos e a repercussão que esta tem na aderência ao tratamento médico.