Long-term auditory monitoring in children with Alport syndrome based on different degrees of renal injury / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:To investigate long-term auditory changes and characteristics of Alport syndrome（AS） patients with different degrees of renal injury. Methods:Retrospectively analyzing clinical data of patients diagnosed AS from January 2007 to September 2022, including renal pathology, genetic detection and hearing examination. A long-term follow-up focusing on hearing and renal function was conducted. Results:This study included 70 AS patients, of which 33（25 males, 8 females, aged 3.4-27.8 years） were followed up, resulting in a loss rate of 52.9%.The follow-up period ranged from 1.1to 15.8 years, with 16 patients followed-up for over 10 years. During the follow-up, 10 patients presenting with hearing abnormalities at the time of diagnosis of AS had progressive hearing loss, and 3 patients with new hearing abnormalities were followed up, which appeared at 5-6 years of disease course. All of which were sensorineural deafness. While only 3 patients with hearing abnormalities among 13 patients received hearing aid intervention. Of these patients,7 developed end-stage renal disease（ESRD）, predominantly males （6/7）. The rate of long-term hearing loss was significantly different between ESRD group and non-ESRD group（P=0.013）. There was no correlation between the progression of renal disease and long-term hearing level（P>0.05）. kidney biopsies from 28 patients revealed varying degrees of podocyte lesion and uneven thickness of basement membrane. The severity of podocyte lesion was correlated with the rate of long-term hearing loss（P=0.048）, and there was no correlation with the severity of hearing loss（P>0.05）. Among 11 cases, theCOL4A5mutationwas most common （8 out of 11）, but there was no significant correlation between the mutation type and hearing phenotype（P>0.05）. Conclusion:AS patients exhibit progressive hearing loss with significant heterogeneity over the long-term.. THearing loss is more likely to occur 5-6 years into the disease course. Hearing abnormalities are closely related to renal disease status, kidney tissue pathology, and gene mutations, emphasizing the need for vigilant long-term hearing follow-up and early intervention.

Fish community turnover in a dammed Andean River over time

We describe the change in the fish community of the Porce River in Magdalena River Basin, Colombia, following the construction of the Porce III hydropower reservoir based on 13 years of monitoring data. The results show a clear reduction of the number of native species, which have been supplanted by colonizing non-native species, especially in the reservoir. Four native species detected prior to dam construction have apparently disappeared, but 12 new species were registered post-construction. We analyzed spatial changes in beta diversity in the aquatic environments surrounding the dam. The new environment generated by the reservoir presents a unique species composition and contributes significantly to the total beta diversity of the system. Altogether three distinct new fish assemblages emerged following reservoir formation and there are now six assemblages where there had previously been three. This dramatic change, already visible within a decade of construction, highlights just how strong of an impact dam construction has on habitats and how rapidly fish communities react in this hotspot for endemic fish diversity. Our findings demonstrate the importance of monitoring fish communities for revealing the impact of damming on river ecosystems and informs potential complementary fish diversity inventories elsewhere in the Magdalena River basin.(AU)

Describimos el cambio en la comunidad de peces del río Porce en la cuenca del río Magdalena en Colombia luego de la construcción del embalse hidroeléctrico Porce III con base en 13 años de datos de monitoreo. Los resultados mostraron una reducción de especies nativas y, el embalse ha sido colonizado por especies no nativas. A lo largo del monitoreo cuatro especies desaparecieron de las capturas, y se registró la aparición de 12 especies nuevas después de la construcción del embalse. Analizamos los cambios espaciales en la diversidad beta en los ambientes acuáticos que rodean la presa. El nuevo entorno generado por el embalse presenta una composición de especies única; en total, surgieron tres nuevos ensamblajes de peces distintos después de la formación del embalse y ahora hay seis ensamblajes. Este cambio, ya visible a una década de la construcción, resalta cuán fuerte es el impacto que tiene la construcción de presas en los hábitats y cuán rápido reaccionan las comunidades de peces. Nuestros hallazgos demuestran la importancia de monitorear las comunidades de peces para revelar el impacto de las represas en los ecosistemas fluviales, además permite complementar los inventarios de diversidad en la cuenca del río Magdalena.(AU)

The results of long term coral reef monitoring at three locations in Jamaica: Monkey Island, "Gorgo City" and Southeast Cay / Resultados del monitoreo a largo plazo en los arrecifes de coral en tres lugares de Jamaica: Isla Monkey, "Ciudad Gorgo" y Cayo Sureste

The global and regional impacts of climate change are having devastating consequences on the coral reef ecosystems of the Caribbean. Long term monitoring are important tool for assessing reef health. Monitoring was established in 2000 in the Bahamas, Belize and Jamaica. Following the pilot project, the program was institutionalized in Jamaica and monitoring was conducted on eight occasions from 2000 to 2010. Monkey Island and “Gorgo City” near Discovery Bay (both on the north coast) and Southeast Cay at Port Royal on the south coast were selected. Macroalgae dominated the benthic substrate. Monkey Island and “Gorgo City” had the highest coral cover. Porites astreoides, Montastraea spp., Porites porities, Siderastrea siderea, and Agaricia agaricites were the most common species. Data from this programme have been used in local and regional coral reef assessment and management initiatives.

Los impactos regionales y globales del cambio climático están teniendo consecuencias devastadoras en los ecosistemas de arrecifes de coral en el Caribe. Se establecieron monitoreos en el 2000 en Las Bahamas, Belice y Jamaica. Siguiendo el proyecto piloto, el programa se institucionalizó en Jamaica y el monitoreo se llevó a cabo en ocho ocasiones del 2000 al 2010. Se seleccionaron los sitios: Isla Monkey, “Ciudad Gorgo “ cerca de la Bahía Discovery (ambos en la costa norte) y el Cayo Sureste en el Puerto Royal en el sur de la costa. Las macroalgas dominaban el sustrato bentónico. Isla Monkey y “Ciudad Gorgo” tuvieron la mayor cobertura de coral. Porites astreoides, Montastraea spp, Porites porities, Siderastrea siderea, y Agaricia agaricites representan las especies de corales más frecuentes. Los datos de este programa se han utilizado en las iniciativas de evaluación y manejo de arrecifes de coral locales y regionales.

Value of long-term video electro-encephalography monitoring on diagnosis and prognosis of neonatal seizure / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficiency of long-term video electro-encephalography(VEEG) monitoring in neonatal seizure.Methods The medical records of 36 neonates recruited and performed with long-term VEEG in the neonatal intensive care units in hospital from Jun.2011 to Jun.2012 were collected.The medical records included age,gender,diagnosis,VEEG background,epileptiform activity,epileptic seizures (electrographic seizures,electroclinical seizures or both),and nonepilepic events.Informations on prognosis and therapy was also obtained.Results Among the 36 neonates,the neonates with normal,or mildly,moderately,and severely abnormal VEEG were 3 (8.3％),9 (25.0％),16 (44.4％) and 8 (22.2％) neonates,respectively.Children with normal electro-encephalography (EEG) developed normally.The percentage with developmental delay in children with mildly,moderately,and severely abnormal EEG were 1 1.1％,37.5％ and 62.5％,respectively and abnormal VEEG was significantly associated with developmental delay(x2 =13.8,P =0.003).Among these 36 neonates,21 cases had neonatal seizures (58.3％),including 14 (66.7％) cases with epileptic seizures and 6(28.6％) cases with nonepileptic seizures and 1 case with both.In addition,13 (61.9％) cases out of 21 cases with neonatal seizures developed abnormally (including developmental delay and death),and there was no significant association between neonatal seizure and development (x2 =0.206,P =0.65).Conclusions Neonatal seizure is very common,but electroclinical dissociation is an outstanding feature of neonatal seizures.Long-term VEEG monitoring is a valuable tool and may aid in the early identification and management of patients who are more likely to develop epilepsy.

Sixty-two years of change in subtropical wet forest structure and composition at El Verde, Puerto Rico / Sesenta y dos Años de Cambio de Estructura y Composición Forestal HÚMEda Subtropical en El Verde, Puerto Rico / Sessenta e dois anos de mudança de estrutura e composição florestal úmida subtropical em El Verde, Puerto Rico

A plot established in 1943 in a subtropical wet forest at the Luquillo Experimental Forest of Puerto Rico has been assessed periodically for changes in species and size of all trees >4cm diameter. Forest dynamics on a 0.72ha plot (EV-3) at 400masl at El Verde show recovery principally from hurricanes of 1928 and 1932, timber stand improvement in 1958, and from Hurricanes Hugo and Georges in 1989 and 1998. Damage from Hurricane Hugo only temporarily slowed aboveground biomass accretion of the developing forest. Stand increases in basal area and biomass continue to be due principally to growth of the dominant overstory species, Dacryodes excelsa and Manilkara bidentata, ingrowth of which was stimulated by Hugo. The pioneer species Cecropia schreberiana filled gaps abundantly following the Hurricane and the understory tree Psychotria berteriana proliferated. Ingrowth of Prestoea montana has been greater than for all other species since 1976 and was stimulated by Hugo and Georges as well as prior hurricanes, so that by 2005 it was the most abundant species. Hurricane Hugo caused low mortality among the largest trees on the plot. As a few species have become more dominant species evenness has declined. Species richness is only slightly greater today than in 1943. Results are discussed in terms of "building" and "thinning" phases associated with major hurricanes. Hurricanes have stimulated the addition of species to the forest in "building years," but have maintained that richness in the intervening "thinning years", lending credence to the "intermediate disturbance hypothesis".

Una parcela de crecimiento establecida en 1943 en un bosque subtropical húmedo en Puerto Rico ha sido evaluada periódicamente en relación a cambios en las especies y tamaño de los árboles con diámetro >4cm. La dinámica forestal en una parcela de 0,72ha (EV-3, situada en El Verde a 400msnm) muestra principalmente la recuperación de los huracanes de 1928 y 1932, de aclareos para el mejoramiento de rodales madereros en 1958 y de los huracanes Hugo y Georges en 1989 y 1998. Los daños de Hugo disminuyeron solo temporalmente la acumulación de biomasa arbórea del bosque en desarrollo. Se siguieron registrando aumentos de área basal y biomasa del rodal, principalmente por crecimiento de las especies dominantes Dacryodes excelsa y Manilkara bidentata, cuya renovación fue estimulada. La pionera Cecropia schreberiana se estableció abundantemente en espacios abiertos por el huracán y en el sotobosque proliferó Psychotria berteriana. El crecimiento de la regeneración de Prestoea montana ha sido el mayor registrado desde 1976 y fue estimulado por Hugo y George, así como por huracanes anteriores, siendo la especie más abundante en 2005. Hugo causó poca mortalidad de árboles grandes. En la medida en que pocas especies han llegado a ser dominantes, la uniformidad de las parcelas ha declinado. La riqueza de especies es ligeramente mayor que en 1943. Los resultados se discuten en términos de fases de "construcción" y "aclareo" asociadas con el paso de huracanes. Éstos han estimulado la adición de especies en "años de construcción", pero han mantenido la riqueza en "años de aclareo", añadiendo credibilidad a la hipótesis de perturbaciones intermedias.

Uma parcela de crescimento estabelecida em 1943 em um bosque subtropical úmido em Puerto Rico tem sido avaliada periodicamente em relação às mudanças nas espécies e tamanho das árvores com diâmetro >4 cm. A dinâmica florestal em uma parcela de 0,72ha (EV-3, situada em El Verde a 400msnm) mostra principalmente a recuperação dos furacões de 1928 e 1932, de clareiras para o melhoramento de lotes madeireiros em 1958 e dos furacões Hugo e Georges em 1989 e 1998. Os danos de Hugo diminuíram somente temporalmente a acumulação de biomassa arbórea do bosque em desenvolvimento. Seguiram-se registrando aumentos de área basal e biomassa do lote, principalmente por crescimento das espécies dominantes Dacryodes excelsa e Manilkara bidentata, cuja renovação foi estimulada. A pioneira Cecropia schreberiana se estabeleceu abundantemente em espaços abertos pelo furacão e no sotobosque proliferou Psychotria berteriana. O crescimento da regeneração de Prestoea montana tem sido o maior registrado desde 1976 e foi estimulado por Hugo e George, assim como por furacões anteriores, sendo a espécie mais abundante em 2005. Hugo causou pouca mortalidade de árvores grandes. Na medida em que poucas espécies têm chegado a ser dominantes, a uniformidade das parcelas tem declinado. A riqueza de espécies é ligeiramente maior que em 1943. Os resultados se discutem em termos de fases de "construção" e "clareiras" associadas com a passagem de furacões. Estes têm estimulado a adição de espécies em "anos de construção", mas tem mantido a riqueza em "anos de clareiras", acrescentando credibilidade à hipótese de perturbações intermediarias.

A vision for regular, rapid assessments of the tropical northwestern Atlantic's coral reefs / Una visión para evaluaciones periódicas y rápidas de los arrecifes de coral del Atlántico tropical noroccidental

The Atlantic and Gulf Rapid Reef Assessment (AGRRA) Program, consisting of non-fixed, transect- based visual surveys, provides "snapshot" characterizations of a number of structurally or functionally important benthic and fish indicators on tropical northwestern Atlantic (TNWA) coral reefs and Brazil. To ameliorate the confounding factors inherent in multiyear temporal variation, a region-wide collaborative program for conducting rapid reef assessments at regular (five-year) intervals in sites that are representative of each sub-region of the TNWA is proposed. Member institutions of the Association of Marine Laboratories of the Caribbean (AMLC) and individual colleagues are invited to join in developing the vision. Rev. Biol. Trop. 54 (Suppl. 3): 23-29. Epub 2007 Jan. 15.

El Programa de Evaluación Rápida del Atlántico y el Golfo (AGRRA, por sus siglas en inglés) consiste en sondeos visuales no-fijos, basados en transectos, que permiten caracterizaciones puntuales de un número de peces y organismos bénticos que sean estructural o funcionalmente importantes como indicadores en arrecifes del Atlántico tropical noroeste (ATNO) y de Brasil. Para disminuir los factores de confusión inherentes a variaciones temporales multianuales, se propone un programa de colaboración a nivel regional, que sirva para conducir evaluaciones rápidas de los arrecifes en intervalos regulares (cinco años), en los sitios que sean representativos de cada sub-región del ATNO. Se invita a las instituciones miembro de la Asociación de Laboratorios Marinos y del Caribe (ALMC), así cómo a colegas individuales para participar en el desarrollo de esta visión.