ABSTRACT
Elaioconiose é uma dermatose ocupacional do tipo acneiforme que afeta as áreas expostas de trabalhadores que lidam com óleos ou graxas. Atualmente, com o uso dos equipamentos de proteção individual, medidas de higiene pessoal e lavagem dos uniformes de trabalho, sua incidência diminuiu. Apesar de não ser uma doença rara, é pouco relatada na literatura, principalmente na nacional. Seu tratamento é lento e para a resolução das lesões, requer o afastamento do trabalhador de suas atividades laborativas.
Elaioconiosis is a work-related acneiform dermatosis which affects the exposed skin of individuals working with oils or greases. Its incidence has decreased with the introduction of personal protective equipment, personal hygiene measures and the cleaning of work clothes. Although not a rare disease, elaioconiosis is seldom reported in the literature, particularly in Brazil. Sufferers need to take time off work to proceed with the prolonged treatment to resolve the lesions caused by this condition.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Dermatitis, Occupational/etiology , Hand Dermatoses/chemically induced , Industrial Oils/toxicity , Dermatitis, Occupational/pathology , Hand Dermatoses/pathology , Sick LeaveABSTRACT
Los lodos contaminados con residuos de aceites lubricantes usados generan gran impacto ambiental negativo al no ser manejados adecuadamente. Se propuso la biorremediación para disminuir la concentración de dichos contaminantes. Los ensayos fueron realizados en las instalaciones de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales (PTAR) de Río Frío (Girón, Santander, Colombia), donde se evaluaron consorcios microbianos nativos, que posteriormente se adicionaron a las biopilas conformadas por lodos deshidratados provenientes del tratamiento primario de aguas residuales domésticas (usados como fuente de materia orgánica), lodos provenientes de lavaderos de carros y lodos de alcantarillado de la zona industrial de la ciudad de Bucaramanga (Colombia). Se aislaron, identificaron y conservaron cepas microbianas con capacidad degradadora de hidrocarburos totales de petróleo (TPH) como Pseudomonas spp., Acinetobacter spp, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter spp., Bacillus brevis, Micrococcus spp y Nocardia spp. Se hizo una serie de pruebas piloto donde se inoculó cada montaje con un consorcio bacteriano a una concentración de 3x108 UFC/ml de bacterias y microorganismos fúngicos como Aspergillus spp., Fusarium spp., Trichoderma spp., a una concentración de 1x106 esporas/ml; se monitorearon parámetros de temperatura, pH, humedad y oxigenación. Se realizaron dos ensayos para verificar el comportamiento de dichos tratamientos; se analizó la variable continua TPH en ppm mediante el método de modelos mixtos lineares en bloques aleatorios completos, que revelaron diferencias significativas entre la biopila control y las biopilas bajo prueba; se obtuvieron porcentajes de remoción hasta de 94% de TPH en 120 días y 84% en 40 días, lo que reflejó un efecto positivo en la utilización de los consorcios de microorganismos bajo prueba en la descontaminación de lodos de alcantarillado industrial y lodos de lavaderos de carros.
The sludge contaminated with residues of used lubricating oils produce large negative environmental impact by not being handled properly. We proposed Biorremediation to decreasethe concentration of these polltants. The trials were conducted on the waste water treatment plant (WWTP) Río Frío (Girón, Santander, Colombia) ,we evaluate native microbial associations, and subsequently they were added to biopiles, made up of dried sludge the waste water treatment (source of organic mater) sludge from washing cars and sewage sludge from the industrial area of the city Bucaramanga (Colombia). Several pilot test were completed and we isolated, identified and retained microbial atrains with ability to degrading total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) such as Pseudomonas spp., Escherichia coli, Citrobacter spp., Bacillus brevis, Micrococcus spp., among others. We inoculated each pilot assembly with a bacterial concentration of 3x108 UFC/ml and fungal microorganisms like Aspergillus spp., Fusarium spp., Trichoderma spp. in a concentration of 1x106 Spores/ml. Parameters such as temperature, pH, humidity, oxygenation were monitoring frequently. Two trials were completed to verify the behabior and results of treatment, we analized continuously the concentration of TPH using linear mixed models approach in a randomized complete blocks, which revealed significant differences between control biopile (without microorganism consortia) and biopiles under test, obtaining removal percentages to 94% of TPH in 120 days, and 84% in 40 days, reflecting a positive effect on the use of consortia of microorganisms under test in the decontamination of domestic sewage sludge and industrial sludge and sludge the car wash.