ABSTRACT
Resumen La presente investigación plantea que las creencias irracionales descritas por Albert Ellis son afirmaciones anti empíricas que causan un malestar emocional en quienes las poseen. Por ello se busca analizar la presencia de estas en estudiantes de psicología y su asociación con el nivel de estudios, sexo y lugar de origen. Fueron seleccionados 278 estudiantes de una universidad privada de Lima Metropolitana. Se utilizó el Registro de Opiniones de Ellis. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes de psicología presentan la creencia 6 (se debe sentir miedo o ansiedad ante cualquier cosa desconocida o potencialmente peligrosa) de manera sumamente limitante, y las creencias 2 (uno debe ser indefectiblemente competente y casi perfecto en todo) y 8 (se necesita contar con algo más grande y fuerte que uno) de manera posiblemente limitante. Por otro lado, se encontró asociación con el nivel de estudios de las creencias 3 (ciertas personas son malas y deberían ser castigadas) y 8, donde, a mayor nivel de estudios, menos creencias. También se verifica asociación entre las creencias irracionales 1 (para un adulto es necesario tener el cariño y la aprobación de sus semejantes, familia y amigos), 3 y 10 (la felicidad aumenta con la inactividad) con sexo.
Abstract The research suggests that Albert Ellis irrational beliefs are antiempirical statements that cause emotional distress in people who possess them. In his theory A B C, argues that what we feel is not based on what happens around us, but on how we interpret that reality. Then, A would become the event that occurs, B the interpretation we make, and C the emotional and behavioral consequence. From this, Albert Ellis groups this idea generating ten final irrational beliefs and creates an instrument to measure them called Registro de Opiniones, which has 100 items, 10 for each of the beliefs. That is why I attempt to analyze the presence of irrational beliefs in psychology students and their correlation with educational level, sex and place of origin. I selected 282 university students getting their BA in psychology at a private university in Lima Metropolitana. The Albert Ellis Inventory, Registro de Opiniones, was applied after obtaining written informed consent. The hypothesis was that there is a correlation between the irrational beliefs of the students and their educational level, sex and place of origin. The results showed than psychology students that the sixth irrational belief is found in an (it should feel fear or anxiety to any unknown, uncertain or potentially dangerous thing) extremely limited way. Belief number 2 (must be unfailingly competent and almost perfect in everything I undertake) and 8 (you need to have something bigger and stronger than oneself) were found in a possibly limiting manner. Beliefs number 3 and 8 were found in a correlating manner with education level. Seeming that as higher level of education less strength of the belief. There was also an association between irrational beliefs 1 (for an adult is absolutely necessary to have the love and approval of their peers, family and friends), 3 and 10 (happiness increases with inactivity, passivity and leisure undefined) with sex. Finally, no association was found between irrational beliefs and place of origin.
ABSTRACT
Resumen: Durante la interacción de pareja existen diversas variables que promueven por un lado relaciones armoniosas o por el contrario relaciones dañinas. En el lado oscuro de la pareja se encuentran los celos e infidelidad, dimensiones que en la mayoría de las ocasiones generan consecuencias negativas en la pareja. Con base en ello, la presente investigación tuvo como objetivo establecer la relación entre celos e infidelidad dependiendo de la orientación sexual (homosexual y heterosexual), sexo (hombre y mujer) y lugar de origen (Ciudad de México y Colima). Participaron 186 personas, 50% eran originarias de la Ciudad de México y 50% del Estado de Colima. 102 fueron heterosexuales, 51 hombres y 51 mujeres y 84 homosexuales, 50 hombres y 34 mujeres. La edad promedio fue de 26.63 años y la desviación estándar de 6.6 años. Se administró la Escala Multidimensional de Celos (EMUCE) de Rivera, Flores, Díaz-Loving y Montero (2010) y el Inventario Multidimensional de Infidelidad (IMIN) de Romero, Rivera y Díaz-Loving (2007). Se encontró que los hombres, suelen ser infieles sexualmente, independientemente de su orientación sexual. Por otro lado, tanto para las mujeres homosexuales como heterosexuales, cuando hay una transgresión en la relación se presenta como consecuencia infidelidad sexual y emocional.
Abstract: Because of the constant changes in society, becomes important to investigate and respond to the social demands raised, in order to promote the psychosocial well-being of people and the improvement of their interpersonal relationships. Currently, the issue of jealousy and infidelity have social relevance, as both are involved in immediate environments, such as family, work, personal relationships, roles and self-evaluation; generating negative consequences. Based on this, the present research aimed to establish the relationship between jealousy and infidelity depending on the type of sexual orientation (homosexual and heterosexual), sex (male and female) and birthplace (Mexico City and Colima). The participants were 186 people, 50% of whom were from the Mexico city and 50% from the State of Colima. At the same time, the sample involved 101 men and 85 women. The Multidimensional Scale of Jealousy (EMUCE) developed by Rivera, Flores, Díaz-Loving and Montero (2010) and the Multidimensional Inventory of Infidelity (IMIN) by Romero, Rivera and Díaz-Loving (2007) test were applied. It was found that men are usually sexually unfaithful regarding their sexual orientation. On the other hand, for both homosexual and heterosexual women, when there is a transgression to the relationship, the desires of sexual and emotional infidelity appear as a consequence. The outcomes are analyzed according to the socio-cultural context.