ABSTRACT
Resumen La verminosis pulmonar en ovinos y caprinos es una de las parasitosis más importantes que afectan a ambas especies. Es causada por los nematodos Dictyocaulus filaria, Protostrongylus rufescens y Muellerius capillaris. El objetivo de este trabajo fue presentar información reciente sobre verminosis en ovinos y caprinos. Su patogenicidad depende de la cantidad de larvas presentes y su ubicación en el parenquima pulmonar, lo que puede provocar una bronconeumonía, que en ocasiones es mortal. La enfermedad puede ser clínica o subclínica, con signos como tos, taquipnea, secreción nasal y retraso en el crecimiento. El diagnóstico se puede realizar mediante detección de larvas del primer estadio (L1) en heces, utilizando la técnica de Baermann. Para el tratamiento se pueden utilizar benzimidazoles, lactonas macrocíclicas e imidazotiazoles. A pesar de la poca importancia que se le suele dar como verminosis pulmonar, puede provocar afectación a los parámetros productivos y disminuir la ganancia de peso, así como, predisponer a bronconeumonías secundarias, afectando la rentabilidad de las unidades de producción.
Abstract Pulmonary verminosis is one of the most important parasites affecting sheep and goats. It is caused by Dictyocaulus filaria, Protostrongylus rufescens and Muellerius capillaris nematodes. The objective of this work was to present recent information on verminosis in sheep and goats. Its pathogenicity depends on the number of larvae and their location in the lung parenchyma, which can cause bronchopneumonia, sometimes fatal. The disease can be clinical or subclinical, with signs such as cough, tachypnea, runny nose, and growth retardation. Diagnosis can be made by detecting first-stage larvae (L1) in feces, using the Baermann technique. Benzimidazoles, macrocyclic lactones and imidazothiazoles can be used for treatment. Despite the little importance that is usually given to the disease, it can affect production parameters, and decrease weight gain, as well as predispose to secondary bronchopneumonia, affecting the profitability of production units.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Endoparasitic infections are associated with morbidity in cats. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of endoparasites among cats of different life stages in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The samples were analyzed individually by macroscopic exploration for proglottids and centrifugal-flotation. Stool samples were obtained from household cats (n = 57) and shelter cats (n = 336). Endoparasites were detected in 50.64% of the samples. Among household and shelter cats, 21.05% and 55.66% were infected with endoparasites, respectively. In household cats, the most prevalent endoparasites were Ancylostoma spp. (in 25.0%) and Strongyloides spp. (in 25.0%), followed by Toxocara spp. (in 16.67%), Dipylidium caninum (in 16.67%), Cystoisospora spp. (in 8.33%), and Uncinaria spp. + Ancylostoma spp. (in 8.33%). In shelter cats, the most prevalent endoparasite was Ancylostoma spp. (in 29.41%), followed by Cystoisospora spp. (in 26.20%) and Toxocara spp. (in 16.58%), as well as Cystoisospora spp. + Toxocara spp. (in 8.02%); Ancylostoma spp. + Toxocara spp. (in 11.76%); Cystoisospora spp. + Ancylostoma spp. (in 3.74%); Cystoisospora spp. + Toxocara spp. + Ancylostoma spp. (in 3.21%); and Dipylidium caninum + Ancylostoma spp. (in 0.53%). Endoparasitic infections in cats underscore the need for preventive veterinary care and routine coproparasitologic tests.
Resumo Endoparasitoses estão associadas à morbidade em gatos. Este estudo objetivou investigar a ocorrência de endoparasitos em gatos de diversas faixas etárias, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. As amostras passaram por exploração macroscópica à procura de proglotes de cestódeos e analisadas individualmente por centrífugo-flutuação. Assim, amostras fecais foram obtidas de gatos domiciliados (n = 57) e de abrigos (n = 336). Endoparasitos foram detectados em 50,64% das amostras fecais. Nos gatos domiciliados e de abrigos, 21,05% e 55,66% estavam infectados por endoparasitos, respectivamente. Ancylostoma spp. (25%) e Strongyloides spp. (25%) foram os helmintos mais prevalentes encontrados nas amostras de fezes dos gatos domiciliados, seguido por Toxocara spp. (16,67%), Dypilidium caninum (16,67%), Cystoisospora spp. (8,33%) e a associação de Uncinaria spp. e Ancylostoma spp. (8,33%). Entre os gatos dos abrigos, Ancylostoma spp. estavam presentes em 29,41% das amostras, seguidos por Cystoisospora spp. (26,20%), Toxocara spp. (16,58%) e as associações de parasitos Cystoisospora spp. + Toxocara spp. (8,02%), Ancylostoma spp. + Toxocara spp. (11,76%), Cystoisospora spp. + Ancylostoma spp (3,74%), Cystoisospora spp. + Toxocaraspp. + Ancylostoma spp. (3,21%) e Dipylidium caninum + Ancylostoma spp. (0,53%). Cystoisospora spp. foi o único protozoário encontrado. A presença de endoparasitos reforça a necessidade de cuidados veterinários preventivos e testes coproparasitológicos de rotina para evitar sua disseminação.