ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of the peritoneal lymphatic stomata on intra-abdominal infection and the regulatory mechanism of angiotensin Ⅱ receptor specific inhibitor PD123319 on peritoneal lymphatic stomata.Methods The experimental study was adopted.Forty rats were divided into the control group,sham operation group,intra-abdominal infection group and intra-abdominal infection drug intervention group by the random number table,every group had 10 rats.The classic appendix perforation (CLP) intraabdominal infection model was established in the abdominal infection group.After establishing the model of abdominal infection,PD123319 solution was injected intraperitoneally immediately (0.2 g/kg) in the abdominal infection drug intervention group.Abdominal cavity of the rats in the sham operation group was opened,and then was shut after flipping the intestine.The rats in the control group,sham operation group and intra-abdominal infection group were treated with intraperitoneal injection of 1ml stroke-physiological saline solution.After 2 hours,the rats were sacrificed,and peritoneal tissue was taken for the following tests.(1) The aperture size and distribution density of peritoneal lymphatic stomata were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM).(2) The nitric oxide (NO) concentration in the peritoneal tissues was detected using nitric oxide nitric acid reduction method.(3) The expressions of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and Phospho-eNOS (P-eNOS) were detected by the Western blot.(4) The intracellular Ca2+ concentration were detect by flow cytometry.Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as-x ± s.The comparison among groups was analyzed using the ANOVA and pairwise comparison was analyzed by the LSD test.Results (1) The aperture size and distribution density of the peritoneal lymphatic stomata in the control group,sham operation group,intra-abdominal infection group and intra-abdominal infection drug intervention group were respectively (2.3 ± 0.4) μm,(2.5 ± 0.5)μm,(4.7 ±0.5)pm,(3.8 ±0.5)pm and (2.0 ±0.8) × 108/m2,(2.1 ±0.7) × 108/m2,(6.2 ± 1.3) × 108/m2,(4.6 ± 1.4) × 108/m2,with statistically significant differences among the 4 groups (F =98.130,56.780,P ＜ 0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the aperture size and distribution density of the peritoneal lymphatic stomata between the intra-abdominal infection group and control group or intra-abdominal infection drug intervention group (t =11.586,8.573,3.854,3.098,P ＜ 0.05) and no statistically significant differences between the control group and sham operation group (t =1.281,0.514,P ＞0.05).(2) The concentrations of NO in the peritoneal tissues in the control group,sham operation group,intra-abdominal infection group and intra-abdominal infection drug intervention group were respectively (0.380 ± 0.024) μmol/gprot,(0.450 ±0.020) μmol/gprot,(1.253 ±0.033) μmol/gprot and (0.579 ±0.035) μmol/gprot,with a statistically significant difference among the 4 groups (F =52.725,P ＜ 0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the concentration of NO between the intra-abdominal infection group and control group or intra-abdominal infection drug intervention group (t =10.536,67.798,P ＜ 0.05) and no statistically significant difference in the concentration of NO between the control group and sham operation group (t =2.007,P ＞ 0.05).(3) The results of Western blot showed that the expressions of eNOS and P-eNOS in the control group,sham operation group,intra-abdominal infection group and intra-abdominal infection drug intervention group were respectively (0.591 ± 0.028)U/mg,(0.603 ± 0.007) U/mg,(0.615 ± 0.027) U/mg,(0.626 ±0.026) U/mg and (0.578 ±0.003)U/mg,(0.603 ± 0.071) U/mg,(0.773 ± 0.033) U/mg,(0.710 ± 0.012) U/mg,with no statistically significant difference in the expression of eNOS among the 4 groups (F =0.902,P ＞ 0.05) and with a statistically significant difference in the expression of P-eNOS among the 4 groups (F =205.062,P ＜ 0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the expression of P-eNOS between the control group and sham operation group or intra-abdominal infection group (t =7.678,13.322,P ＜ 0.05) and between the intra-abdominal infection group and intraabdominal infection drug intervention group (t =4.035,P ＜0.05).(4) The results of flow cytometry showed that Ca2+ concentration in the control group,sham operation group,intra-abdominal infection group and intraabdominal infection drug intervention group were respectively 82.200％ ± 0.060％,81.730％ ± 0.052％,21.980％ ± 0.010％,29.500％ ± 0.004％,showing a statistically significant difference between the 4 groups (F =21 271.030,P ＜ 0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the Ca2+ concentration between the intra-abdominal infection group and control group (t =164.750,P ＜ 0.05) and between the intra-abdominal infection group and intra-abdominal infection drug intervention group (t =21.338,P ＜ 0.05),and no statistically significant difference between the control group and sham operation group (t =1.861,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The intra-abdominal infection could increase aperture size and distribution density of peritoneal lymphatic stomata,and PD123319 may be through inhibiting the activation of NO synthase to decrease the concentration of NO,enhance the concentration of Ca2+ in peritoneal mesothelial cells and reduce the opening of peritoneal lymphatic stomata.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To further study the effect of Ershen Zeshu Mixture, a Chinese medicine, on the peritoneal lymphatic stomata and the ascites drainage in experimental mice model of CCl 4-induced fibrosis.By the application of NO supplier (sodium nitroprusside,SNP) and NO suppressor (N G-mononethyl-L-arginine,L-NMMA),the effect of NO on the peritoneal lymphatic stomata and the ascites drainage was studied to clarify the relationship between Ershen Zeshu Mixture and NO in the regulation of the peritoneal lymphatic stomata.METHODS: The mouse model of fibrosis was established with the application of intragastric installations of carbon tetrachloride one time every three days;Scanning electron microscope and computer image processing were used to detect the girth,area and distribution density of the peritoneal lymphatic stomata;the concentration of urinary ions was measured in the experiment.RESULTS: ①Compared to NS group and model group,Ershen Zeshu Mixture could significantly increase the girth and the area of the peritoneal lymphatic stomata,promote its distribution density ( P
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of steroid hormones on lymphatic stomata of ovarian bursa and fluid adsorption. Methods The lymphatic adsorption was traced by trypan blue,and the ultrastructure of the lymphatic stomata and estrogen receptor level of mesothelial cells on ovarian bursa was observed by scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy and immuno-colloid golden technology. Results The absorption and opening area of lymphatic stomata were enhanced in estrogen group mice,and decreased in androgen group as compared to control group mice.Estrogen receptor was first identified in the nuclei of mesothelial cells on the inner layer of mice ovarian bursa and the level was down-regulated by estrogen and slightly up-regulated by androgen.Conclusion The absorption and the opening area of lymphatic stomata can be regulated by steroid hormones in mice,and the machanism may be related to the expression levels of estrogen receptor in the nuclei of mesothelial cells.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the ultrastructure of ovary lymphatic stomata in human and compared with the animals′. Methods The morphology of human ovary surface was examined using scanning electron microscopy and the lymphatic stomatas were counted by the ELESCOPE computer image processing system. Results The human ovary epithelium was composed of cuboidal and flat cells. There were lymphatic stomatas not only among the cuboidal cells, but also among the cuboidal and flat cells. The stomata were usually circular in shape and about 1 80?0 82??m in diameter, 6 27?2 65??m in circle. Lymphatic stomata in external surface of ovary mucinous tumor was also found. Conclusion There are ovary lymphatic stomatas in human. These stomatas connect lymphatic vessels in ovary with the peritoneal cavity. They also present morphological basis for early\|metastasis of ovary tumor. [