Psychological Characteristics of Living Liver Transplantation Donors using MMPI-2 Profiles / 정신신체의학

OBJECTIVES: Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is a life-saving therapy for patients with terminal liver disease. Many studies have focused on recipients rather than donors. The aim of this study was to assess the emotional status and personality characteristics of LDLT donors. METHODS: We evaluated 218 subjects (126 male, 92 female) who visited Daegu Catholic University Medical Center from August 2012 to July 2018. A retrospective review of their preoperative psychological evaluation was done. We investigated epidemiological data and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 questionnaire. Subanalysis was done depending on whether subjects actually underwent surgery, relationship with the recipient, and their gender. RESULTS: Mean age of subjects was 32.19±10.91 years. 187 subjects received LDLT surgery (actual donors) while 31 subjects didn't (potential donors). Donor-recipient relationship included husband-wife, parent-children, brother-sister etc. Subjects had statistical significance on validity scale L, F, K and all clinical scales compared to the control group. Potential donors had significant difference in F(b), F(p), K, S, Pa, AGGR, PSYC, DISC and NEGE scales compared to actual donors. F, D and NEGE scales were found to be predictive for actual donation. Subanalysis on donor-recipient relationship and gender also showed significant difference in certain scales. CONCLUSIONS: Under-reporting of psychological problems should be considered when evaluating living-liver donors. Information about the donor's overall psychosocial background, mental status and donation process should also be acquired.

Heritability and Familiality of MMPI Personality Dimensions in the Korean Families with Schizophrenia

OBJECTIVE: Categorical syndrome such as schizophrenia could be the complex of many continuous mental structure phenotypes including several personality development/degeneration dimensions. This is the study to search heritability and familiality of MMPI personality dimensions in the Korean schizophrenic LD (Linkage Disequilibrium) families. METHODS: We have recruited 204 probands (with schizophrenia) with their parents and siblings whenever possible. We have used MMPI questionnaires for measuring personality and symptomatic dimensions. Heritabilities of personality dimensions in total 543 family members were estimated using Sequential Oligogenic Linkage Analysis Routines (SOLAR). Personality dimensions in total family members were compared with those in 307 healthy unrelated controls for measuring the familialities using ANOVA analysis. RESULTS: Seven of the 10 MMPI variables were significantly heritable and were included in the subsequent analyses. The three groups (control, unaffected 1st degree relative, case) were found to be significantly different with the expected order of average group scores for all heritable dimensions. CONCLUSION: Our results show that the aberrations in several personality dimensions could form the complexity of schizophrenic syndrome as a result of genetic-environment coactions or interactions in spite of some limitations (recruited family, phenotyping).

Complementarity between SDQ-SR and MMPI-A in Assessing Adolescents with Internalizing Disorder : A Preliminary Study / 정신신체의학

OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to investigate the psychopathology in adolescents with internalizing disorder using the self-report version of Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ-SR) and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory for adolescents (MMPI-A), and to explore the complementarity between these two inventories for diagnostic assessment. METHODS: Ninety-one patients aged 13–17 were divided into two groups by clinical diagnosis, 44 with internalizing disorder and 47 comparison group with other disorders. The data of SDQ-SR and MMPI-A completed by them were analyzed for the ability to predict internalizing disorder. RESULTS: The logistic regression analysis revealed that diagnostic predictability increased by 2.27 times with every 1 point of SDQ-SR emotional symptom score increment. Comparison of ROC curves for internalizing disorders showed that the SE and SP of SDQ-SR emotional symptom with score over 4 was 88.94 and 78.72, respectively. For A-anx of MMPI-A with score over 56, SE and SP was 77.27 and 74.47, respectively. However, combination of these scales could not enhance the predictability of diagnostic classification more than that of SDQ-SR emotional symptom alone. CONCLUSIONS: Emotional symptom scale of SDQ-SR and A-anx, A-aln, A and INTR of MMPI-A should be important subscales for diagnosing the internalizing disorder of adolescents, however, which needs to be examined further with a larger sample size including normal control group.

Clinical Characteristics of Psychiatric Patients with Military Issues Using MMPI-2-RF / 정신신체의학

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine psychological characteristics of patients who visited psychiatric clinic for medical certificate for military service using MMPI-2-RF. We compared target group with general psychiatric patients with same age range. METHODS: A total of 165 male patients for medical certificate and 154 general psychiatric patients were collected from the Department of Psychiatry of three university hospitals. There were significant differences of age and educational level between two groups. We used independent t-test, ANCOVA, χ² test to examine differences between two groups. RESULTS: Medical certificate group scored higher on the validity scales, the Higher-Order(H-O) scales, the Restructured Clinical(RC) Scales, the Specific Problems(SP) Scales, and the Personality Psychopathology Five (PSY-5) Scales. Especially, EID, RC7, HLP, SFD, SAV, SHY, DSF, and INTR-r showed significant differences between two groups on all three statistical tests. CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that psychiatric patients who received psychological evaluation for military service have significantly higher emotional distress, helplessness, lower self-confidence, and lower quality of interpersonal relationships. And the difference of validity scales between two groups could be related with psychological burden of compulsory military service in the study sample which causes elevation on scales of infrequent responses. MMPI-2-RF would be helpful instrument to assess these emotional and psychological characteristics.

The Comparison of MMPI Profile between In-Family and Out-Family Child Sexual Offenders with Pedophilia / 대한법의학회지

Forty six patients (23 in-family and 23 out-family child sexual offenders) diagnosed with pedophilia participated in this study. For each patient, computerized objective data, obtained from the doctors, nurses, psychologists, and prosecutors involved, and the hospital information system, were collected. Immediately after the authors collected data that included any personal identifying information, it was replaced by random numbers to prevent bias and to protect privacy. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0 for MS Windows. Comparative items on demographic characteristics were evaluated by a paired t test and chi-square test. Out-family child sexual offenders were younger, assaulted younger victims, and possessed a higher sexual recidivism rate than in-family sexual offenders did (P<0.05). The four scales of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory showed a significant difference between in-family and out-family child sexual offenders. There was no statistically significant difference in the victim's gender and the incidence of comorbid psychiatric disease between in-family and out-family child sexual offenders.

Comparison of MMPI Profile Patterns between Patients with Epileptic Seizures and Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures

BACKGROUND: Psychogenic non epileptic seizures (PNES) are characterized by repeated seizures that are typically caused by stress and psychologic problems such as anxiety and depression. This contrasts with epileptic seizures (ES), which are transient and caused by irregular excitement of nerve cells. PNES can be found in patients with ES, but due to their differing etiologies, it is important to determine the psychologic characteristics that differentiate PNES from ES. METHODS: This study identified psychopathologic and personality traits in 137 patients with PNES (n=7, 49.3% female) or ES (n=0, 35.7% female) using MMPI. The diagnosis was based on a medical history of seizures and the clinical examination in patients who visited the epilepsy clinic. Statistical analyses for comparing MMPI differences between the two groups were conducted using the t-test, chi-square test, and analysis of covariance. RESULTS: We analyzed the frequency of individuals who exhibited a T score of ≥5 on the MMPI, and the results indicated that there were significantly more patients in the PNES group than in the ES group who had elevated scores on the hypochondriasis (Hs) scale and hysteria (Hy) scale. The mean scores of Hs, Hy, paranoia scale and schizophrenia scale were significantly higher in the PNES group than in the ES group. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that patients with PNES have greater psychologic problems than ES patients. Differences in MMPI profile patterns between patients with PNES and ES may be helpful in tailoring appropriate therapeutic interventions for the two groups.

Revisión sistemática sobre el Inventario Multifásico de Personalidad de Minnesota (MMPI) / Systematic review on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

El presente artículo buscó determinar la aplicabilidad de la prueba de personalidad Inventario Multifásico de Personalidad de Minnesota (MMPI) a través de los últimos 25 años, por medio de la metodología de revisión sistemática de la literatura de 41 estudios en bases de datos de libre acceso como: Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Cultura, MedlinePlus, Open Journal Systems, Dialnet, Scielo, Wiley Open Access, UNESCO, Latindex, Ebsco Host, Scielo y Redalyc; que permitieron recopilar información sobre el instrumento y su aplicación en diferentes contextos y momentos del tiempo, desde el año 1990 hasta el 2015. Se concluye que en la mayoría de las investigaciones se ha demostrado la validez y confiabilidad del MMPI y se reconoce la necesidad de continuar estudios en relación a la aplicación, validación y sistematización del instrumento.

This article sought to determine the applicability of the test of personality Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI) through the last 25 years, through the methodology of systematic review of the literature in 41 studies in free access database such as: Organization of the United Nations for food and culture, MedlinePlus, Open Journal Systems , Dialnet, Scielo, Wiley Open Access, UNESCO, Latindex, Ebsco Host and Redalyc; which allowed to collect information about the instrument and its application in different contexts and moments from 1990 to 2015. It is concluded that most of the investigations have shown the validity and reliability of the MMPI as well as the need to continue studies in relation to the implementation, validation and systematization of the instrument.

Indicadores clínicos de personalidad en la adolescencia / Clinical indicators of personality in adolescence

El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar la presencia de indicadores clínicos y de contenido de personalidad en una población adolescente, a través del inventario multifásico de personalidad de Minnesota, forma A. La muestra de este estudio está conformada por 69 adolescentes escolarizados, de 14 a 17 años, tanto hombres como mujeres, de estrato socioeconómico medio y alto de la ciudad de Barranquilla. Los datos se analizan con el SPSS versión 19.0 para el análisis de estadísticos descriptivos, los resultados arrojan perfiles válidos y son consistentes con investigaciones previas, según las cuales se puede diferenciar población normal de población con indicadores clínicos de personalidad de importancia; en algunas escalas, sin embargo, los puntajes son más altos que los encontrados en otras investigaciones para grupos similares, dando cuenta de las variaciones introducidas por el contexto y la dinámica sociocultural actual, siendo más elevados para las mujeres. Las características clínicas más significativas son esquizofrenia, hipomanía, masculinidad-feminidad y psicastenia; mientras que los puntajes de las escalas de contenido más significativos son en las de pensamiento extravagante, obsesividad y ansiedad.

The objective of this study was to characterize the presence of clinical and content personality indicators in adolescent students through the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Form A. The sample is formed by 69 adolescent secondary school students, aged from 14 to 17, including men and women, middle and high socioeconomic status from Barranquilla. The information was analyzed with SSPSS, 19.0 version for the analysis of descriptive statistics. The results show valid profiles and they are consistent with previous research that according to the population; can be differentiated into normal population and population with clinical indicators of personality. In some scales, although, the scores are higher than the ones found in other similar groups, accounting for the variations introduced by the context and actual sociocultural dynamics, scores are higher particularly in women. The most significant clinical characteristic are schizophrenia, hypomania, masculinity-feminity and psychastenia; while scores in content scales are more significant for Bizarre Mentation, Obsessiveness and Anxiety.

A U-shaped Association between Body Mass Index and Psychological Distress on the Multiphasic Personality Inventory: Retrospective Cross-sectional Analysis of 19-year-old Men in Korea

Objective personality tests, such as the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), might be more sensitive to reflect subclinical personality and be more state-dependent in an individual's lifetime, so they are good scales to predict the psychological distress regarding certain states. The aim of this study was to identify the specific pattern between body mass index (BMI) and psychological distress using the objective personality test. For this study, we investigated BMI and the Korean Military Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MPI). A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted with 19-yr-old examinees who were admitted to the Military Manpower Administration in Korea from February 2007 to January 2010. Of 1,088,107 examinees, we enrolled 771,408 subjects who were psychologically apparent healthy possible-military-service groups. Afterwards, we reviewed and analyzed directly measured BMI and MPI results. In terms of the validity scales, the faking-good subscale showed an inverted U-shaped association, and faking-bad and infrequency subscales showed a U-shaped association with BMI groups. In terms of the neurosis scales, all clinical subscales (anxiety, depression, somatization, and personality disorder) also showed a U-shaped association with BMI groups. For the psychopath scales, the schizophrenia subscale showed a U-shaped association, and the paranoia subscale showed a near-positive correlation with BMI. In conclusion, a specific U-shaped pattern was observed between BMI and the MPI in 19-yr-old men in Korea. Underweight and obesity are related to psychological distress, so supportive advice and education are needed to them.

Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory as related factor for post traumatic stress disorder symptoms according to job stress level in experienced firefighters: 5-year study

OBJECTIVES: As first responders to an increasing number of natural and manmade disasters, active-duty firefighters are at increased risk for physical and psychiatric impairment as reflected by high rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Because little is known about related factor with PTSD according to job stress level among firefighters, we assessed utility of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) using 5-year medical surveillance. METHODS: Data were analyzed from 185 male firefighters without psychiatric disease history and who at assessments in 2006 and 2011 completed all questionnaires on personal behaviors (including exercise, drinking and smoking habits) and job history (including job duration and department). MMPI, Events Scale-Revised-Korean version (IES-R-K) and Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form (KOSS-SF) were used to screen for personality trait, PTSD symptom presence and job stress level, respectively. IES-R-K subgroups were compared using two-sample t- and chi2 tests, and factors influencing IES-R-K according to KOSS-SF were determined using uni- and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Mean age and job duration were higher in PTSD-positive than negative groups. In multivariate analysis, increased PTSD risk was associated with: job duration (Odds ratio (OR) = 1.064, 95 % CI 1.012-1.118) for firefighters overall; masculinity-femininity (OR = 5.304, 95 % CI 1.191-23.624) and job duration (OR = 1.126, 95 % CI 1.003-1.265) for lower job stress level; and social introversion (OR = 3.727, 95 % CI 1.096-12.673) for higher job stress level. CONCLUSIONS: MMPI relates with PTSD according to job stress level among experienced firefighters. Masculinity-femininity and social introversion were the strongest related factor for PTSD symptom development in low and high job stress levels, respectively.

Effects of Family, Type of Personality and Perfectionism on Spouse Selection

The median age of marriage has raised and its rate has declined in recent years. A suitable spouse is one of the main concerns of everyone’s life, which could be affected by family, personality and society effects on taste and interest of people. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between personality, family and society on spouse selection criteria among college students. In this cross-sectional study, 250 college students in both gender and study levels were randomly selected. Students were asked to answer validated questionnaires on spouse selection. The obtained data were analyzed by appropriate descriptive and inferential statistical methods using computer software. Results showed that family education has positive significant correlation with education (R2=0.42, p<0.05), religion (R2=0.51, p<0.05), culture (R2=0.38, p<0.05), and manner (R2=0.53, p<0.05) criteria in both genders, while no correlation was found between family’s education and either economic (R2=0.02, p<0.05) or physical criteria (R2=0.1, p<0.05). In addition, male students had significantly higher rate of perfectionism than females (p<0.05). Girls’ priority was good ethical personality, behavioral characteristics, religious beliefs, financial status, education, and beauty respectively, while similarly with minor differences, male priority in spouse selection was good ethical personality, behavioral characteristics, religious beliefs, beauty, education level, and financial situation. The financial situation of girls for men in this study could indicate not only the importance of economic problems in our society, but also greedy wishes, which have been created in recent decades. According to the present study, family and society have more influence than personality on mate selection.​

Systematic review of evidence on the association between personality and tinnitus / Revisão sistemática sobre as evidências da associação entre personalidade e zumbido

INTRODUCTION: The scientific literature that personality traits are associated with the individual's adaptation to chronic diseases, becoming an important factor in the etiology and prognosis of physical illness. Some studies indicate that personality characteristics may influence the perception of tinnitus. OBJECTIVE: To assess the scientific evidence of the association between tinnitus and personality. METHODS: A systematic review in the following databases: PubMed, SciELO, LILACS and Web of knowledge. Were selected only studies with patients older than 18 years, published in English, Portuguese or Spanish who established an association between tinnitus and personality. RESULTS: Seventeen of the 77 articles found were selected: 13 cross-sectional studies, two longitudinal studies, one validation study, and one birth cohort study. The samples ranged from 27 to 970 patients. CONCLUSION: Some personality traits, especially neuroticism, psychasthenia, and schizoid aspects, may be associated with tinnitus perception and with the annoyance due to this symptom. .

INTRODUÇÃO: Sabe-se, na literatura científica, que características de personalidade estão associadas à adaptação do indivíduo a doenças crônicas, tornando-se um fator importante na etiologia e prognóstico de doenças físicas. Alguns estudos apontam que características de personalidade podem influenciar na percepção do zumbido. OBJETIVO: Verificar as evidências científicas da associação entre zumbido e personalidade. MÉTODO: Estudo de revisão sistemática nas seguintes bases de dados: Pubmed, Scielo, Lilacs e Web of knowledge. Foram selecionados apenas os estudos com pacientes maiores de 18 anos, publicados em inglês, português ou espanhol, que estabeleceram uma associação entre zumbido e personalidade. RESULTADOS: Dos 77 artigos encontrados, 17 foram selecionados: 13 estudos transversais, dois longitudinais, um estudo de validação e um estudo coorte de nascimento. As amostras variaram de 27 a 970 pacientes. CONCLUSÃO: Algumas características de personalidade, especialmente neuroticismo, psicastenia e aspectos esquizoides, podem estar associados à percepção e ao incômodo do zumbido. .

Personalidade e autoavaliação global como estudante: alguns indicadores com um modelo multimonial / Personality and overall self-assessment as student: some indicators through a multimonial model / Personalidad y autoevaluación general como estudiante: algunos indicadores con un modelo multimonial

Neste trabalho analisamos a relação entre a personalidade e o modo como os adolescentes se autoavaliam globalmente como estudantes. Participaram 351 adolescentes dos 14 aos 18 anos, distribuídos por vários níveis de escolaridade. Para avaliar a personalidade, utilizámos o Sumário Estrutural da versão portuguesa do Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory – Adolescent, e um questionário de autoavaliação como estudante, com quatro categorias de resposta possíveis, entre Abaixo da Média e Muito Bom. Num modelo de regressão multinomial identificámos a personalidade como preditor da autoavaliação que os adolescentes fazem de si como estudantes, destacando-se os resultados nas dimensões Imaturidade e Desajustamento Global, o que enfatiza a importância da autorregulação e controlo dos impulsos, bem como da emocionalidade positiva, no modo como os adolescentes se autoavaliam. Os resultados são discutidos considerando o papel da organização da personalidade, não só nos padrões de comportamento observável, como também nas autoavaliações e perceções subjetivas dos indivíduos...

In this paper, we analyze the relationship between personality and the way adolescents globally assess themselves as students. Participants were 351 adolescents, aged from 14 to 18 years old, and at various levels of schooling. For personality assessment, we used the Structural Summary of the Portuguese version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory – Adolescent, and a questionnaire for students’ self-assessment, with four possible response categories, from Below Average to Very Good. Through a multinomial regression model we identified personality as a predictor of adolescents’ self-assessment as students, being noteworthy Immaturity and Global Maladjustment dimensions, which emphasizes the importance of self-regulation and impulse control characteristics, as well as of positive emotionality, for adolescents' self-assessment as students. Results are discussed considering the role of personality organization, not only for the patterns of observable behavior, but also in self-assessments and subjective perceptions of individuals...

En este artículo se analiza la relación entre la personalidad y la forma como los adolescentes se autoevalúan globalmente como estudiantes. Participaron 351 estudiantes, con edades de 14 a 18 años. Se utilizó el Sumario Estructural de la versión portuguesa del Inventario Multifásico de Personalidad de Minnesota – Adolescentes (MMPI-A) y un cuestionario de autoevaluación como estudiantes. A través de un modelo de regresión multinomial, se ha identificado la personalidad como un preditor significativo de la autoevaluación global de los adolescentes como estudiantes, destacándose las dimensiones Inmadurez e Inadaptación Global, que enfatizó la importancia de la autorregulación y control de los impulsos, así como de emocionalidad positiva, para el modo como los adolescentes se autoevalúan. Los resultados se discuten teniendo en cuenta el papel de la organización de la personalidad, no sólo para los patrones de comportamiento observable, sino también en las autoevaluaciones y percepciones subjetivas de los individuos...

Personalidade e comportamentos problema: um estudo comparativo com adolescentes em contexto escolar / Personality and problem behavior: a comparative study with adolescents in school context

Neste estudo transversal analisámos a relação entre os comportamentos problema ao nível da indisciplina, desrespeito e conflituosidade dos adolescentes, em contexto escolar, e a personalidade e a psicopatologia, operacionalizadas nas dimensões PSY-5 do MMPI-A. Participaram no estudo 351 estudantes do 9º ao 12º ano, com idades compreendidas entre os 14 e os 18 anos, distribuídos em três grupos diferentes, de acordo com o reporte da frequência de comportamentos problema. Os instrumentos foram a versão experimental portuguesa do MMPI-A e um questionário sobre diferentes dimensões do percurso escolar, em que se incluem os comportamentos problema. Através de análise estatística multivariada, verificámos diferenças significativas entre os grupos nas dimensões PSY-5, num padrão em que o grupo de maior frequência de comportamentos problema apresenta resultados superiores no MMPI-A. Os resultados são interpretados numa perspetiva que sublinha a relevância da personalidade na adaptação à vida escolar, bem como a importância da existência de técnicas de avaliação psicológica de forma a detetar, em contexto de normalidade, estudantes em risco de desenvolvimento de trajetórias inadaptativas.

In this cross-sectional study we analyzed the relationship between problem behaviors in school context, such as indiscipline, disrespect or conflictuality, and personality and psychopathology, which were operationalized in the PSY-5 dimensions of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent (MMPI-A). Participants were 351 students from 9th to 12th grades, aged from 14 to 18 years old, and distributed in three different groups, according to their report of problem behavior frequency. Instruments were the Portuguese experimental version of the MMPI-A and a questionnaire on several school dimensions, including problem behaviors. Multivariate statistical analysis of variance indicates significant differences between the groups in PSY-5 dimensions, in a pattern in which the group presenting the highest frequency of problem behaviors has higher results in the MMPI-A. Results are interpreted under a perspective that underlines the importance of personality in the comprehension of adaptation to school, as well as the relevance of psychological assessment techniques that make possible to detect, within normality contexts, students at risk of developing non-adaptive developmental pathways.

Revisión sistemática del inventario multifásico de personalidad de Minnesota-mmpi / Systematic review of the Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory - mmpi

El presente artículo busca establecer la vigencia y aplicabilidad del Inventario Multifásico de Personalidad de Minnesota. Para dicho efecto se realizó un estudio de revisión sistemática en donde se encontraron 452 artículos que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión de la investigación en el periodo 2000-2010, no obstante se determinó tomar una muestra proporcional del 10% por cada uno de los años encontrados, quedando en total 46 artículos. Se encuentra un uso constante del instrumento, en donde existen múltiples investigaciones en diversas áreas. La prueba obtiene buenas propiedades psicométricas, además de estar avalada por varias revisiones sistemáticas. Se discute el uso dado a la prueba, en donde se obtiene evidencia amplia de su utilidad, así como también se discute que los análisis del instrumento sean en muchas investigaciones mediante clústeres.

This paper seeks to establish the validity and enforceability of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. To this end, a systematic literature review was performed. 452 papers that met the inclusion criteria of research in 2000-2010 were found. However we determined to use a proportional sample of 10% for each years, leaving a total of 46 articles. We found a constant use of the instrument, with research being done in various areas. The test has good psychometric properties, in addition to being endorsed by several other systematic reviews. We discuss the use made of the evidence, and we find that the instrument has broad utility, and also discuss the analysis of the instrument in many studies through clustering.

Discriminating Power of Dissociation in Patients with Psychological Trauma / 정신간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to identify the discriminating power of dissociation as defined by depression, obsession, and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory(MMPI; psychopathology) in patients with psychological trauma. METHODS: Participants were patients (N=114) from "S" clinic for psychological trauma. Data were collected from April to June 2014 through semi-structured interviews and self-reports using a modified Lifetime Incidence of Traumatic Events, Dissociative Experience Scale (DES), Beck Depression Inventory-2, Maudsley Obsessional Compulsive Inventory, and MMPI-2. RESULTS: Participants were grouped in to two groups depending on DES scores; dissociative (n=15) and non-dissociative (n=99). Depression, F-scale (infrequency), Ma (Hypomania), and Hs (Hypochondriasis) scale of MMPI correctly discriminated 86.8% of the sample. There were also significant differences in Obsession, K-scale (korrection), D (Depression), Hy (Hysteria), Pd (Psychopathic Deviate), Pa (Paranoia), Pt (Psychasthenia), Sc (Schizophrenia), Si (Social Introversion) scales of MMPI between two groups, but they were not significant discriminant factors. CONCLUSION: Future interventions for patients with high levels of dissociation and psychological trauma should focus on the prevention of suicide and chronic dissociation by assessing depression-related factors; suicidal behavior, impulsivity, aggression, and alexithymia. Therapists should also interpret patients' MMPI profiles carefully, especially in the presence of an extremely elevated F-scale.

Comparison of Memory Function and MMPI-2 Profile between Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Adjustment Disorder after a Traffic Accident

OBJECTIVE: Differential diagnosis between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and adjustment disorder (AD) is rather difficult, but very important to the assignment of appropriate treatment and prognosis. This study investigated methods to differentiate PTSD and AD. METHODS: Twenty-five people with PTSD and 24 people with AD were recruited. Memory tests, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 2 (MMPI-2), and Beck's Depression Inventory were administered. RESULTS: There were significant decreases in immediate verbal recall and delayed verbal recognition in the participants with PTSD. The reduced memory functions of participants with PTSD were significantly influenced by depressive symptoms. Hypochondriasis, hysteria, psychopathic deviate, paranoia, schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder scale of MMPI-2 classified significantly PTSD and AD group. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that verbal memory assessments and the MMPI-2 could be useful for discriminating between PTSD and AD.

Analysis of mental status assessment of patiens with dento-maxillofacial deformities / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To study the mental status of dento-maxillofacial deformities patients for orthognathic-orthodontic treatment,assess the testing results,and provide reference for doctors and nurses to evaluate mental features of patients.Methods 79 patients from a three-level and first-class hospital in Shanghai were collected from February 2011 to January 2012,who were to undergo orthognathic-orthodontic treatment.All the subjects filled in MMPI questionnaire before the operation.Results Scores of F and Pa subscales in male were significantly lower than the national norm.Scores of K and Mf subscales in female were significantly higher than the national norm.Scores of L,F,Hs,D,Pd,Pa,Pt,Sc,Si subscales were significantly lower than the national norm.Scores of F,Pa,Sc,Ma subscales in male were significantly higher than female.Scores of Mf subscales in female were significantly higher than male.Conclusions The whole personality of dento-maxillofacial deformities patients are normal.However,individualized personality deviation and psychological problems exist,including personality characteristics among different genders.

The relationship between structural dimensions of personality and school life in adolescence / A relação entre dimensões estruturais da personalidade e a vida escolar na adolescência

In this cross-sectional study, we analyse the relationship between personality, which was operationalized in the PSY-5 dimensions of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory - Adolescent (MMPI-A) and the way students live their lives at school, expressed through indicators of achievement, integration, and overall satisfaction. A total of 351 students, aged 14-18 years, participated in the study. The instruments were the Portuguese version of the MMPI-A and the School Life Questionnaire. Results show a pattern of significant relationships between personality traits and school life, being Disconstraint and Introversion the personality dimensions that stood out mostly in the explanation of school life variables results. Results are analysed considering the importance of personality for the development of more or less adaptive pathways in adolescence.

Neste estudo transversal, analisamos a relação entre a personalidade, operacionalizada nas dimensões PSY-5 do Inventário Multifásico da Personalidade de Minnesota - Adolescente (MMPI-A), e o modo como os adolescentes vivenciam o seu percurso escolar, expresso em indicadores de desempenho, integração e de satisfação global. Participaram no estudo 351 estudantes com idades entre os 14 e os 18 anos. Os instrumentos foram a versão portuguesa do MMPI-A e o Questionário sobre o Percurso Escolar. Os resultados revelam um padrão de relações significativas personalidade-vida escolar, destacando-se as dimensões da personalidade Desinibição e Introversão na explicação da maioria dos resultados das variáveis escolares. Os resultados são analisados considerando a importância da personalidade para a definição de trajetórias de desenvolvimento mais ou menos adaptativas.

Características da personalidade e relacionamento interpessoal na adolescência / Personality traits and interpersonal relationships in adolescence / Rasgos de personalidad y relaciones interpersonales en la adolescencia

Neste estudo, analisamos a relação entre as dificuldades interpessoais na adolescência e dimensões estruturais e clínicas da personalidade, avaliadas pela versão experimental portuguesa do Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory – Adolescent (MMPI-A). Participaram neste estudo 351 estudantes do 9º ao 12º ano, com idades entre os 14 e os 18 anos. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a versão portuguesa do MMPI-A e o Questionário sobre o Percurso Escolar, construído para esta investigação. De acordo com a frequência reportada de dificuldades interpessoais, sobretudo em contexto escolar, constituíram-se dois grupos de estudantes, os quais foram comparados nos resultados do MMPI-A. As análises multivariadas (MANOVAs) revelaram diferenças significativas entre os grupos nas dimensões que sugerem perturbações de personalidade. Os resultados são analisados numa perspectiva que enfatiza a importância da personalidade na vida escolar na adolescência e na distinção de padrões mais ou menos adaptativos de comportamento.

In this cross-sectional study we analyse the relationship between interpersonal difficulties in adolescence and personality clinical and structural dimensions, assessed through the Portuguese version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory – Adolescent (MMPI-A). Participants were 351 ninth to twelfth grade students (ages 14-18), who were distributed by two groups, according to their reported frequency of interpersonal problems, mostly in school context. Instruments were the Portuguese version of the MMPI-A and theSchool Path Questionnaire, which was created for this investigation. Multivariate statistical analysis (MANOVA) reveals significant differences between the groups of frequency of interpersonal difficulties in MMPI-A personality dimensions and in the clinical profile. Results are analyzed on a perspective that emphasizes the importance of personality in school life and in the distinction of more or less adaptive behavior patterns.

En este estudio transversal se analiza la relación entre las dificultades interpersonales en la adolescencia y las dimensiones estructuralesy clínicas de personalidad, evaluadas a través de la versión portuguesa del Inventario Multifásico de Personalidad de Minnesota –Adolescentes (MMPI-A). Los participantes fueron 351 estudiantes de noveno a duodécimo grado (edades 14-18), que fueron distribuidos en dos grupos, de acuerdo a su frecuencia de problemas interpersonales. Los instrumentos fueron la versión portuguesadel MMPI-A y el Cuestionario Sobre la Vida Escolar, el cual fue creado para esta investigación. El análisis estadístico multivariante (MANOVA) ha revelado diferencias significativas entre los grupos de frecuencia de dificultades interpersonales en las dimensiones dela personalidad y en el perfil clínico de MMPI-A. Los resultados se analizan desde una perspectiva que enfatiza la importancia de la personalidad en la vida escolar y en la distinción de los patrones de comportamiento más o menos adaptables.