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Purpose: To study the corelation between outer retinal layer thickness (ORL), outer photoreceptor segment thickness (PROS), and central macular thickness (CMT) with best?corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in patients having clinically significant macular edema (CSME) and compare these parameters with normal patients. Methods: This was a prospective, nonrandomized, observational, comparative study done during the period of January to May 2019. The study included 60 eyes of 36 patients. The patient population was segregated into two Groups: Group ? (30 normal eyes of 15 normal patients) and Group ?? (30 eyes of 21 diabetic patients) with CSME. The comparison between ORL, PROS, and CMT was made between both the groups, and the correlation between ORL thickness, PROS thickness, and CMT with BCVA in Group ?? was studied. Results: The mean age in Group I was 52.6+10.66 years, and 53.42+8.15 years in Group II. The male/ female ratio was 1.1:1 in Group I and 4:3 in Group II. The mean CMT was greater in Group ?? (330.13 ± 37.01) than in Group ? (222.20 ± 12.30). The mean ORL thickness was greater in Group ? (97.73 ± 6.92) than in Group ?? (80.63 ± 9.03). The PROS thickness was statistically significant in Group ? (35.05 ± 3.4) than in Group ?? (28.57 ± 3.53). There was a strong correlation between BCVA and ORL thickness (r = ?0.580, P < 0.001) and more strong correlation between BCVA and PROS thickness in Group ?? (r = ?0.611, P < 0.000). There was a moderate correlation between BCVA and CMT (r = 0.410, P < 0.025), and all results were statistically significant. Conclusion: Both ORL and PROS thickness were greater in healthy normal eyes than in eyes with CSME. BCVA was strongly correlated with PROS and ORL thickness and moderately associated with CMT.
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Background: Myopia is a common condition affecting a significant proportion of the pediatric population in Asian countries. Aim and Objectives: This study was undertaken to investigate the associations of optical coherence tomography measurements of macular volume and macular thickness with refractive error and axial length in Indian children. Materials and Methods: The prospective observational study was carried out at MRA Medical College, Ambedkar Nagar, Uttar Pradesh. We enrolled 300 consecutive cases (190 cases and 110 controls) of pediatric age group (6–18 years) between January 2015 and December 2018. Pearson’s correlation was performed with refractive errors, axial length, macular thickness, and volume. Results: Children with myopia (SE ?0.5–?4.57 D) tended to have smaller total macular volume and thinner macular thickness as, compared to control. The correlation of macular thickness and macular volume was analyzed with spherical equivalent (SE) and axial length. Macular thickness had negative correlation with SE and positive with axial length, correlation coefficients being observed as (r = ?0.886 and 0.880, P ? 0.001). Total macular volume correlated negatively with SE, (r= ?0.771, P ?0.001) and positively with axial length (r = 0.764, P ?0.001). Conclusion: Increasing axial myopia was associated with increased macular volume and thickness. It establishes the importance of the fact that refractive error should be considered in the interpretation of macular thickness.
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Objective:To investigate the expression levels of serum miR-126 and miR-9 in patients with wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD) and their relationship with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and central macular thickness (CMT).Methods:A total of 73 wAMD patients(observation group) admitted to the ophthalmology department of Taizhou Municipal Hospital from May 2020 to May 2021 and 60 healthy subjects (control group) who underwent physical examination during the same period were selected. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression levels of miR-126 and miR-9 in serum of the two groups. Serum angiogenesis regulatory factors [VEGF, tissue inhibitor of melalloproteinuses-1 (TIMP-1), endostatin (ES), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)] were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and CMT and intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to determine the correlation between miR-126 and miR-9 and serum angiogenesis regulatory factor levels, CMT and IOP. The diagnostic value of miR-126 and miR-9 in wAMD was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:The relative expression level of serum miR-126 in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group ( P<0.05) , while the relative expression level of serum miR-9 was significantly higher than that in control group ( P<0.05). The levels of serum VEGF and PDGF in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group (all P<0.05), while the levels of serum TIMP-1 and ES were significantly lower than those in control group (all P<0.05). CMT and IOP in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group (all P<0.05). The expression level of serum miR-126 in observation group was negatively correlated with serum VEGF, PDGF, CMT and IOP ( r=-0.275, -0.523, -0.302, -0.542, all P<0.05), and was positively correlated with TIMP-1 and ES ( r=0.460, 0.263, all P<0.05). Serum miR-9 expression level was positively correlated with serum VEGF, PDGF, CMT and IOP ( r=0.434, 0.438, 0.396, 0.307, all P<0.05), and was negatively correlated with TIMP-1 and ES ( r=-0.256, -0.310, all P<0.05). The area under curve (AUC) values of serum miR-126 and miR-9 in diagnosing wAMD were 0.713 and 0.847 respectively. Conclusions:The expression level of serum miR-126 is significantly decreased while the expression level of miR-9 is significantly increased in patients with wAMD. miR-126 is negatively correlated with VEGF and CMT, and miR-9 is positively correlated with VEGF and CMT, which may aggravate the disease by promoting the inflammatory response. The detection of expression levels of serum miR-126 and miR-9 is helpful to provide the reference basis for early diagnosis of wAMD and early prevention and treatment.
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AIM: To compare the efficacy of aflibercept and ranibizumab in the treatment of diabetic macular edema(DME).METHODS: Prospective randomized controlled trial. A total of 35 patients(60 eyes)with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy complicated with DME confirmed in our hospital from June 2020 to September 2021 were included. Intravitreal injection was performed using the 3+PRN protocol in all cases, of which 17 cases(30 eyes)received aflibercept treatment(aflibercept group)and 18 cases(30 eyes)received ranibizumab(ranibizumab group). The two groups were followed up for 12mo, observing the central macular thickness(CMT)and the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)of the two groups, and recording the number of intravitreal injections and the occurrence of complications.RESULTS: After treatment, CMT and BCVA in the aflibercept group were significantly better than that in the ranibizumab group at 1, 3, 6 and 12 mo(all P<0.001). During the follow-up period, the number of intravitreal injections in the aflibercept group was lower than that in the ranibizumab group(4.23±0.86 vs. 6.40±0.97, P<0.05), there were no serious complications such as drug-related adverse reactions, intraocular infection, and vascular embolism in either group.CONCLUSION: Both aflibercept and ranibizumab have clear efficacy and safety in the treatment of DME, and aflibercept may be a more effective and convenient treatment option than ranibizumab for DME patients.
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AIM: To observe the clinical efficacy of Yishen Yanggan Mingmu formula combined with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration(wARMD).METHODS: A total of 58 patients(58 eyes)with wARMD who were treated in Ningbo Eye Hospital from September 2020 to November 2022 were collected. They were divided into two groups according to randomized digital table: 29 patients(29 eyes)for the combination group and the other 29 patients(29 eyes)for the injection group. The injection group was only given intravitreal injection of conbercept; the combination group was orally administrated with Yishen Yanggan Mingmu formula combined with intravitreal injection of conbercept. The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), central macular thickness(CMT)and the improvement of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndromes after 3mo of treatment were observed and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.RESULTS: After 3mo of treatment, the total improved effective rate of the combination group(76%)was higher than the rate of the injection group(66%). After the treatment, the BCVA of the two groups was both higher than that before treatment(P<0.05), the CMT in both groups was lower than that before the treatment(P<0.05), and the improvement of CMT of the combination group was better than the injection group(-155.93±143.79μm vs. -95.36±56.81μm, P<0.05). After 3mo of treatment, each kinds of TCM syndrome in the combination group were significantly improved compared with those syndromes before the treatment(P<0.001). In the injection group, only blurred vision was improved(P<0.05). After the treatment, the scores of dizziness and insomnia, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, paleness and cold limbs, dry eyes and fatigue in the combination group were significantly lower than the injection group(P<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: The Yishen Yanggan Mingmu formula combined with intravitreal anti-VEGF drug injection is effective in the treatment of wARMD.
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AIM: To investigate the effects of small incision extracapsular excision and phacoemulsification on the number of corneal endothelial cells, macular thickness and surgically induced corneal astigmatism in cataract patients.METHODS: Retrospective research. A total of 296 age-related cataract patients(296 eyes)admitted to our hospital from May 2019 to February 2023 were selected. They were divided into a small incision extracapsular excision group(144 eyes)and a phacoemulsification group(152 eyes)according to surgical method. The uncorrected visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity, numbers of corneal endothelial cells, macular thickness, surgically induced corneal astigmatism and postoperative complications between the two groups of patients at 7d, 1 and 3mo after surgery were compared.RESULTS: The uncorrected visual acuity and best corrected visual acuity of patients in the small incision extracapsular excision group after 7d of surgery were better than those of the phacoemulsification group, the number of corneal endothelial cells after 7d and 1, 3mo of surgery were higher than that of the phacoemulsification group, the macular thickness after 7d and 1mo of surgery was lower than that of the phacoemulsification group, and the incidence rate of postoperative corneal edema and incidence rate of total complications were lower than those of the phacoemulsification group(all P<0.05). Furthermore, there was no statistical significance in the values of surgically induced corneal astigmatism after 1, 7d and 1, 3mo of surgery compared with phacoemulsification group(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Compared with phacoemulsification, the changes in the number of corneal endothelial cells and thickness of the macular area after small incision extracapsular excision are relatively small, visual recovery is faster, and the complications reduced.
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Purpose: To evaluate the central macular thickness (CMT) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) changes on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD?OCT) after cataract surgery with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in a pediatric population. Methods: This was a longitudinal, prospective, interventional study which included 90 pediatric patients who underwent cataract extraction with IOL implantation. Serial SD?OCT scans were done at postoperative day 1, 1?month, and 3?month follow?up. CMT and SFCT were measured at each visit. Results: A statistically significant increase in CMT was noted at 1 month (from 199.3 ?m to 210.04 ?m) post surgery, which declined over a 3?month period (202.70 ?m, P = 0.0001). In case of SFCT, a constant increase was observed for over 3 months of follow?up (baseline: 296.52 ?m; 1 month: 309.04 ?m; and 3 months: 319.03 ?m, P = 0.0001). The traumatic cataract group showed more pronounced changes in CMT and SFCT than the non?traumatic cataract group. No significant difference was observed regarding these parameters between those who underwent primary posterior capsulotomy (PPC) versus those who did not. None of the patients in the study group developed cystoid macular edema. These posterior segment–related anatomical changes did not affect the final visual outcomes. Conclusion: Cataract surgery induces potential inflammatory changes in the macula and choroid in pediatric patients. Such changes are more pronounced in trauma?related cases; however, they are not significant enough to affect the visual outcomes. Similarly, the additional surgical step of PPC does not induce significant anatomical or functional changes
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Purpose: To compare the efficacy of a once?daily dose of 0.3% nepafenac and three times daily dose of 0.1% nepafenac in controlling pain and inflammation following phacoemulsification. Methods: In this prospective randomized control single?blind study. patients who underwent uneventful phacoemulsification were divided into two groups. Group A received 0.1% nepafenac eye drops three times/day for 4 weeks and group B received 0.3% nepafenac eye drops once daily for 4 weeks following phacoemulsification. All the patients received moxifloxacin 0.5% eye drops four times/day for 2 weeks. None of the patients in any group received any form of corticosteroids. Results: The mean age of the patients in group A was 63.55 ± 8.5 years, while in group B, it was 60.05 ± 7.76 years. There was no significant result in the preoperative baseline demographics and intraoperative parameters between both the groups. The results were statistically insignificant in terms of inflammatory markers between both groups on day 1. But, on day 7, group B showed better results in terms of lid edema, conjunctival congestion, and anterior chamber cells. The patients in group B also perceived significantly less pain on day 1 (P = 0.02) and day 7 (P < 0.001). The central macular thickness was also significantly lower in group B at day 30 (P < .001) and day 90 (P < .001), respectively. Conclusion: Once?daily dose of higher concentrated nepafenac (0.3%) is equally effective and shows better results than 0.1% nepafenac for pain and inflammation control.
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@#AIM: To investigate the therapeutic effect of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery(FLACS)in eyes with shallow anterior chamber depth.<p>METHODS: Totally 60 eyes of 55 cataract patients with shallow anterior chamber who received cataract phacoemulsification in Tangshan eye hospital from November 2020 to February 2021 were selected, and divided into two groups according to the surgical methods on patient's subjective willingness: Patients who received FLACS were assigned to the FLACS group(28 patients, 30 eyes), and patients who received conventional Phaco(27 patients, 30 eyes)were assigned to the Phaco group. Preoperative general conditions, cumulative dissipated energy(CDE), effective phacoemulsification time(EPT), postoperative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA), endothelial cell loss rate(ECL), central macular thickness(CMT)and complications were compared and analyzed.<p>RESULTS:There was no significant difference in preoperative general data between the two groups(<i>P</i>>0.05). In both groups, UCVA at 1d, 1wk and 1mo after surgery and BCVA at 1wk and 1mo after surgery were better than those before surgery, and at 1d after surgery, UCVA in FLACS group was better than that in Phaco group, the difference was statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.05). In the FLACS group, CDE, EPT, ECL at 1wk and 1mo after surgery, and the incidence of corneal edema at 1d and 1wk after surgery were all lower than those in the Phaco group(all <i>P</i><0.05). There was no significant change in CMT in either the intragroup comparison or the intergroup comparison(<i>P</i>>0.05).<p>CONCLUSION:FLACS is safe and effective in patients with shallow anterior chamber cataract, which can significantly reduce the rate of endothelial cell loss, quickly restore vision, reduce the incidence of complications, and has no significant effect on macula.
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@#AIM: To observe and analyze the efficacy of Conbercept combined with 577nm yellow subliminal micropulse laser photocoagulation in the treatment of macular edema(ME)secondary to ischemic branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO).<p>METHODS: Totally 71 patients(71 eyes)diagnosed as ME secondary to ischemic BRVO during the period from March 2016 to March 2019 were retrospectively included, and they were divided into laser group(<i>n</i>=33, 33 eyes)and combined group(<i>n</i>=38, 38 eyes)according to the different treatment methods. The patients in the laser group all received 577nm yellow subliminal micropulse laser photocoagulation, and the patients in the combined group all received Conbercept combined with 577nm yellow subliminal micropulse laser photocoagulation. The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), central macular thickness(CMT)and total macular volume(TMV)were compared between the two groups before treatment and at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12mo after surgery, and the therapeutic efficacy was observed and the occurrence of complications were recorded.<p>RESULTS:There were statistically significant differences in the BCVA, CMT and TMV between the two groups before and after treatment(<i>P</i><0.05), and the BCVA, CMT and TMV in the two groups at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12mo after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment(<i>P</i><0.05), and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.05). During follow-up, there were 30 eyes with once laser photocoagulation, 7 eyes with twice and 1 eye with 3 times in combined group, and there were 16 eyes with once laser photocoagulation, 14 eyes with twice and 3 eyes with 3 times in laser group(<i>Z</i>=2.670, <i>P</i><0.05). There were 3 eyes of corneal epithelial exfoliation on the 1d after vitreous injection in combined group, and the symptoms disappeared after symptomatic treatment. All patients did not have serious complications such as persistent intraocular pressure increase, retinal detachment and intraocular inflammation.<p>CONCLUSION: Conbercept combined with 577nm yellow subliminal micropulse laser photocoagulation has a significant efficacy in the treatment of ME secondary to ischemic BRVO, and it can effectively improve the visual acuity and promote the macular edema absorption, and it is safe and reliable.
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@#AIM: To analyse the characteristic of macular microcirculation and structural features detected by optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)in retinal branch vein occlusion(BRVO), and analyse the risk factors of visual acuity(VA).<p>METHODS: Eligible eyes from subjects(92 with BRVO and 38 healthy people)were included. The relationship between factors and VA was analyzed by retrospective. Vessel density affected by vein occlusion of 3×3mm2 centered on the fovea(3×3mm VD)and foveal vessel density(foveal VD)in the superficial capillary plexus(SCP)and deep capillary plexus(DCP), were measured by OCTA. Central macular thickness(CMT), neuroepithelial layer thickness and height of subcortical fluid in patients with BRVO were measured.<p>RESULTS: The DCP, SCP, FD300, density of superficial fovea, density of superficial fovea and AI of the BRVO group were significantly different with control group(<i>P</i><0.01). Multivariate regression: Age(<i>P</i>=0.033, <i>OR</i>=1.152, 95%<i>CI</i>=1.011-1.312). Density of superficial fovea(<i>P</i>=0.010, <i>OR</i>=1.260, 95%<i>CI</i>=1.056-1.504)and Macular fovea thickness(<i>P</i><0.01, <i>OR</i>=1.033, 95%<i>CI</i>=1.021-1.045)were risk factors of VA. DCP and SCP were negatively related with CMT and neuroepithelial layer(<i>P</i><0.01). CMT was positively correlated with the thickness of neuroepithelial layer and the height of subcortical fluid(<i>P</i><0.01).<p>CONCLUSION: Using OCTA, we can observe the BRVO retinal blood flow and the changes of the structure of the retinal section, and the pathological features of macular retina in BRVO patients can be observed more comprehensively. Age, density of superficial fovea and macular fovea thickness were risk factors of VA.
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@#AIM: To investigate the relationship between platelet parameters and macular edema(ME)in retinal vein occlusion(RVO)patients with different OCT types.<p>METHODS: Retrospective study. A total of 126 eyes in 126 patients with RVO were enrolled in the ophthalmology department of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from December 2016 to February 2021, among whom, 51 eyes with central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO)were included, branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO)included 75 eyes, 31 eyes without ME(non-ME)and 95 eyes with ME. According to the morphology of OCT, ME was divided into 26 eyes of diffuse retinal thickening(DRT), 30 eyes of cystoid macular edema(CME)and 39 eyes of serous retinal detachment(SRD), the platelet parameters of patients with different groups including platelet count(PLT), mean platelet volume(MPV), plateletcrit(PCT)and platelet distribution width(PDW)were collected and statistical analysis were performed.<p>RESULTS:The MPV value and CMT value of ME group was higher than that of Non-ME group(all <i>P</i><0.001), the MPV value of SRD group was higher than that of DRT group and CME group(all <i>P</i><0.001), but there was no statistically significant difference in MPV between DRT group and CME group(<i>P</i>=0.526), CMT in SRD group was significantly higher than that in DRT group and CME group(<i>P</i><0.001), and there was no significant difference in CMT between DRT group and CME group(<i>P</i>=0.190).<p>CONCLUSION:MPV has differences in patients with RVO ME with different OCT classifications, activated platelets may be closely related to the occurrence and development of SRD.
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Purpose: To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of the intravitreal dexamethasone implant in the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) as initial therapy. Methods: A hospital-based prospective, non-comparative case study of recently detected DME patients was conducted between July 2016 and December 2017, in which30 eyes of 30 patients were studied. Presenting vision, age, gender, duration of diabetes, general and ocular examination, intraocular pressure, indirect ophthalmoscopy, fundus fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and blood sugar levels were noted. Patients with increased central macular thickness (CMT) received an intravitreal dexamethasone implant as initial therapy. All were followed up at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year, and the findings were recorded and analyzed using SPSS software. Results: 30 eyes of 30 patients were studied which included 22 males and 8 females. The mean age of presentation was 58.7 ± 4.45 years. The mean decrease in CMT following intravitreal dexamethasone was 269.27 ± 112.002, 253.5 ± 108.294, and 286.73 ± 143.395 ?m at the end of 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively, and the mean improvement in visual acuity (VA) was 2.27 ± 1.70 lines at 3 months, 2.27 ± 1.83 lines at 6 months, and 1.17 ± 2.00 lines at 12 months. Out of 30 cases, 4 had persistent DME and 6 had recurrence of DME at completion of 1 year of follow-up. Conclusion: Intravitreal dexamethasone as initial therapy in the treatment of DME is both safe and efficacious in the reduction of CMT and improvement of vision and can be considered as primary therapy for DME.
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@#AIM: To discuss the effect of conbercept in the treatment of polypoid chorioretinopathy(PCV)and its influence on hemorheology.<p>METHODS: From January 2017 to April 2018, 62 patients with PCV were enrolled in our hospital. According to the difference of treatment, the patients were divided into two groups, 31 cases in each group. The control group was treated with rapunzumab and the observation group with conbercept. Intraocular pressure, BCVA, CMT, SFCT, hemorheology and complications were compared between the two groups. <p>RESULTS: There was no difference in intraocular pressure, BCVA, CMT and SFCT between the two groups before treatment(<i>P</i>>0.05). With the increase of time, BCVA increased, CMT and SFCT decreased in both groups(<i>P</i><0.05). BCVA, CMT and SFCT were different between the two groups(<i>P</i><0.05). There was no difference in intraocular pressure between the two groups before and after treatment(<i>P</i>>0.05). The whole blood high shear viscosity, whole blood low shear viscosity, plasma viscosity and RBC aggregation index in the observation group were lower than those before treatment and lower than those in the control group(<i>P</i><0.05), and the RBC deformation index was higher than that before treatment and higher than that in the control group(<i>P</i><0.05). There was no difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups(3% <i>vs</i> 6%, <i>P</i>>0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: The application of conbercept in PCV can improve the visual acuity, and have a good impact in the hemorheology, reduce the macular edema and other clinical symptoms, and it has high safety and no effect on intraocular pressure.
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@#Cataract is the most common blinding eye disease in our country. Cataract phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation is the first choice for cataract surgery, with advantages of a small incision, mild anterior chamber reaction, repaid recovery and small astigmatism of corneal. However, there are still some patients failed to achieve ideal visual quality after surgery due to various reasons even if the surgery is successful. Cystoid macular edema(CME)is one of the common complications in pseudophakic eyes affecting postoperative visual quality after cataract surgery. Recent studies on pseudophakic cystoid macular edema(PCME)are reviewed in this paper.
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@#AIM: To analyze the effect of 532nm laser panretinal photocoagulation(PRP)combined with calcium dobesilate on fundus microcirculation and macular thickness in patients with diabetic retinopathy(DR), so as to provide experimental data for their clinical treatment. <p>METHODS: According to the non-randomized clinical concurrent control study and voluntary principle, 174(239 eyes)DR patients were divided into observation group and control group. Both groups were treated with 532nm laser PRP, and the observation group was additionally treated with calcium dobesilate. BCVA(LogMAR)vision, clinical effect, fundus microcirculation, macular thickness and other clinical indexes were compared between the two groups before and after treatment(at 3mo after PRP). The incidence of complications during treatment was statistically analyzed. <p>RESULTS: After treatment, BCVA in both groups were increased, and it was higher in observation group than control group. The clinical curative effect of observation group was better than that of control group(<i>P</i><0.001). After treatment, the resistance index(RI)of central retinal artery(CRA)and osterior ciliary artery(PCA)in both groups were decreased(<i>P</i><0.05), while the peak systolic velocity(PSV)and end diastolic velocity(EDV)were increased(<i>P</i><0.05). RI in observation group was lower than that in control group, while EDV and PSV were higher than those in control group(<i>P</i><0.001). After treatment, the macular thicknesses and other clinical indexes(hemangioma, bleeding spots, gray value of visual field)in both groups were decreased(<i>P</i><0.05), and they were lower in observation group than control group(<i>P</i><0.001). There was no significant difference in the incidence rate of complications between the two groups(0.8% <i>vs </i>2.6%)(χ2=0.344, <i>P</i>=0.557). <p>CONCLUSION: Compared with 532nm PRP in treatment of DR, curative effect of 532nm PRP combined with calcium dobesilate is better. The latter can improve fundus microcirculation and macular thickness more significantly, with high safety.
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Aim: This study aims to assess central macular thickness (CMT) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in diabetic patientsbefore and after phacoemulsification.Materials and Methods: A prospective study on 90 diabetic patients conducted from February 2018 to February 2019, whowere all operated for cataract by phacoemulsification. Complete ophthalmological evaluation was done preoperatively. CMTwas measured preoperatively using spectral-domain (SD) OCT. Patients were followed at the 1st post-operative day and at 1, 4,and 6 weeks postoperatively. OCT was done during the 6th week of post-operative period.Results: The mean central 1 mm subfield macular thickness, preoperatively and 6th week postoperatively was 205.12 ± 24.85 µmand 212.79 ± 28.29 µm, respectively. The difference between pre-operative and 6th week post-operative CSMT was significantin all the three groups (no diabetic retinopathy (DR), mild non-proliferative DR [NPDR], and moderate NPDR) (P = 0.001).Conclusion: SD-OCT detected statistically significant increase in mean CMT at 6-week postoperatively in diabetic patientsundergoing phacoemulsification. Precise surgical technique, in the bag implantation of intraocular lens and good post-operativecare, blood sugar control reduces the occurrence of macular edema, resulting in good visual outcome.
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AIM: To evaluate and compare macular thickness changes after uneventful Phacoemulsification and Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery in correlation with visual acuity. METHOD: Study was conducted on 250 cataract patients they were equally divided into Group A and Group B. Group A patients underwent Phacoemulsification and Group B underwent MSICS. In both groups macular thickness using OCTand Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) was recorded preoperatively and postoperatively at 1 day, 1, 3, 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months. Macular thickness changes were evaluated and compared with visual acuity. RESULTS: Macular thickness continued to increase from 1 week to 6 months postoperatively which was statistically significant. No correlation found between increased macular thickness and BCVA. CONCLUSION: Increase in macular thickness remained subclinical and there was no impact of increased macular thickness on the final visual outcome.
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Purpose: To analyze macular thickness (MT), foveal thickness (FT), and retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (RNFLT) in children with unilateral anisometropic amblyopia and their changes following occlusion therapy. Methods: A prospective, longitudinal, and comparative study of 60 children aged between 5 and 18 years consisted of two groups, group 1: 30 children with unilateral anisometropic amblyopia; group 2: 30 normal children. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), a detailed ocular examination, spectral domain optical coherence tomography for MT, FT, and RNFLT in both eyes were done at visit one (baseline) and every 3 months for a year following occlusion therapy (initiated one month after first visit) in group 1. Results: Mean BCVA, MT, FT, and RNFLT in amblyopic eyes at first visit were 0.63 ± 0.405, 286.9 ± 6.522 ?m, 195.90 ± 8.462 ?m, and 100.87 ± 6.240 ?m, respectively and at last visit after occlusion therapy were 0.50 ± 0.318, 248.9 ± 11.681 ?m, 169.47 ± 10.941 ?m, and 99.43 ± 5.722 ?m, respectively. At first visit, mean BCVA, MT, FT, and RNFLT in nonamblyopic eyes (group 1) were 0 ± 0, 240 ± 10.447 ?m, 159.27 ± 9.285 ?m, 98.63 ± 4.723 ?m and in normal eyes (group 2: average of right and left eyes) were 0 ± 0, 239.8 ± 4.294 ?m, 143.6 ± 4.61 ?m, 100.5 ± 2.895 ?m, respectively. Conclusion: MT and FT, which were more in amblyopic eyes as compared to normal fellow eyes and group 2, decreased with improvement in BCVA after occlusion therapy. However, there was no difference in RNFLT between amblyopic eyes and normal fellow eyes and group 2 before and after occlusion therapy.
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AIM- This study was aimed to find the changes in macular thickness and intra-ocular pressure overtime after ND-YAG laser capsulotomy. Methods: 100 pts fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the study and underwent a detailed ophthalmic examination. Pts IOP and macular thickness was measured by goldmann applanation tonometery and ocular coherence tomography (OCT) respectively before performing the procedure. Each patient was called for follow up on day 1, 1 week, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks. During all the follow up visits complete eye examination, IOP measurement, and macular thickness measurement were noted. Results: For this study, a total of 100 eyes of 100 patients (54 males, 46 females) aged 18to 80 years (mean age 51.98±14.01 years) fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in the study.IOP was significantly higher at all the follow-up intervals among those in whom >40 mJ energy was used as compared to those in whom <40 mJ energy was used Mean change in macular thickness was found to be significantly higher at day 1 and week 1 among those in whom >40 mJ energy was used as compared to those in whom <40mJ energy was used. However, at subsequent follow-up intervals, the difference was not significant statistically. Conclusion: Nd-YAG laser capsulotomy results in increased IOP and macular thickness which sustains upto a substantial period.Rise in IOP following Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy is correlated with the amount of energy used.Change in macular thickness following Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy is weakly/mildly correlated with the amount of energy used during the initial follow-up, however, subsequently it does not show a correlation with amount of energy used.