ABSTRACT
Rice is the most staple food crop for the human population worldwide. Both biotic and abiotic diseases are known to cause losses to the Rice crop. Mostly, grain yield losses are reported due to blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae across all crop growing areas of the world. Leaf blast samples were collected from various rice-growing areas in Warangal and samples were tested on different growth media and found that OMA+Rice leaf extract was the most suitable for promoting radial growth, conidial size, and sporulation of the pathogenic isolate. Among the eight isolates studied, the Maheshwaram isolate (M-2) exhibited the highest radial growth, conidial size, and good sporulation. This suggests that this particular isolate might be more aggressive or virulent than the others and could pose a greater threat to rice crops in the region.This could lead to more effective strategies for managing blast disease and minimizing yield losses in rice crops in the specific region.
ABSTRACT
The present investigation focuses on enhancing the understanding of Magnaporthe oryzae, the causal agent of rice blast disease, by developing simple and cost-efficient protocols for single spore isolation and controlled sporulation with minimal equipment. In pursuit of this objective, various natural hosts were evaluated for their sporulation potential at different time intervals. The results revealed the significant differences in sporulation of M. oryzae among different hosts at different time intervals, showing higher sporulation at 14 DAI compared to 10 DAI. Notably, rice leaves from TN-1 and HR-12 cultivars exhibited robust sporulation at 14 DAI under a 14-hr light + 8 hr dark conditions. Validating these findings, twelve isolates from various locations in Telangana State consistently confirmed that rice leaves from cultivar TN-1 supporting the highest mean sporulation rate, followed by the HR-12 cultivar. The implications of these findings extend to aiding researchers and rice breeders in comprehending disease dynamics, formulating effective control strategies, and developing rice cultivars resilient against rice blast.
ABSTRACT
It was widely believed that the interaction between rice and rice blast fungus can be interpreted by the gene-for-gene hypothesis. Two interaction models between rice blast fungus and anti-disease genes had been briefed. They were receptor-ligand model and guard model. The progress of research about molecular marker and position on avirulence genes of the pathogens of rice blast (Magnaporthe oryzae) was reviewed, and the methods to clone and the cloned avirulence genes of rice blast fungus were also summarized.