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Abstract Introduction Previous studies have demonstrated beneficial effects in people with Parkinson´s disease trained with exergames. However, to the best of our knowledge, none of them evaluated whether these effects are sustained by neurofunctional changes. Objective To evaluate neurofunctional effects of a training, by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging, in people with Parkinson´s disease. Methods This study was a blind, randomized, and controlled pilot clinical trial with crossover design. The participants were submitted to an evaluation including cognitive performance and functional magnetic resonance imaging before and after the WiiTM or control trainings. Trainings were applied for 10 days, in two consecutive weeks. Participants starting with WiiTM training were then moved to the control training and vice versa. A wash-out period of 45 days between the trainings was respected. Results Memory, executive and visuo-spatial functions, and attention were significantly improved compared to baseline (p < 0.05). No differences were observed in cognition compared to the control training. Though not significant, results of functional magnetic resonance imaging analyses suggested that WiiTM training could promote improvements on the brain functional connectivity especially in areas involved in motor execution, planning, visual, memory and somatosensory functions. Conclusion In people with Parkinson´s disease, an intensive WiiTM training improved cognitive performance that underlined neurofunctional changes in areas involved in cognitive processing.
Resumo Introdução Estudos anteriores demonstraram efeitos bené-ficos em pessoas com doença de Parkinson treinadas com exergames. No entanto, até onde sabe-se, nenhum deles avaliou se esses efeitos são sustentados por alterações neurofuncionais. Objetivo Avaliar os efeitos neurofuncionais de um treinamento, por meio da ressonância magnética funcional, em pessoas com doença de Parkinson. Métodos Trata-se de um ensaio clínico piloto cego, randomizado e controlado com delineamento crossover. Os participantes foram submetidos a uma avaliação incluindo desempenho cognitivo e ressonância magnética funcional antes e após treinamentos com Wii® ou controle. Os treinamentos foram aplicados durante 10 dias, em duas semanas consecutivas. Os participantes que começaram o treinamento com Wii® foram depois movidos para o treinamento de controle e vice-versa. Respeitou-se um período de wash-out de 45 dias entre os treinamentos. Resultados Memória, funções executivas e visuoespaciais e atenção melhoraram significativamente em comparação com a linha de base (p < 0,05). Não foram observadas diferenças na cognição em comparação com o treinamento de controle. Embora não significativos, os resultados das análises de ressonância magnética funcional sugeriram que o treinamento com Wii® poderia promover melhorias na conectividade funcional do cérebro, especialmente em áreas envolvidas na execução motora, planejamento, funções visuais, de memória e somatossensoriais. Conclusão Em pessoas com doença de Parkinson, um treinamento intensivo com Wii® melhorou o desempenho cognitivo, que destacou mudanças neurofuncionais em áreas envolvidas no processamento cognitivo.
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@#Objective To explore the effects of computerized working memory training on working memory and brain functional activition for stroke paitents. Methods 3 stroke patients voluntarily joined in the study, 10 healthy adults were recruited as control group. The patients received computerized working memory training for 4 weeks. Cognitive psychological tests (the n-back task, Stroop task and Raven`s Advanced Progressive Matrices task) and neuroimaging test (task- state functional magnetic resonance imaging) were administered before and after treatment. Results Working memory training significantly improved the working memory, fluid intelligence and attention for each trained patient (P<0.001), and could renovate the abnormal functional activity model and reorganize the functional brain network. Conclusion Computerized working memory could be used as an effective cognitive rehabilitation intervention for stroke patients.
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@#Objective To explore the central mechanism of acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) for memory impairment after stroke. Methods 32 stroke patients were randomized to receive acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) (as observation group) and acupuncture at Yanglingquan (GB34) (as control group) for 8 weeks. At the meantime, all participants received routine treatment including physical and occupational therapies. They were scanned with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to find functional connectivity and assessed with Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) before and after treatment. The results of WMS and functional connectivity were analyzed with Pearson's correlation. Results The memory scores and memory quotient improved significantly after treatment in the observation group (P<0.05). The functional connectivity significantly increased occurred in the left hippocampus to right inferior frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus; and right hippocampus to left middle frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus and left parietal lobe. Significant correlations were found between memory quotient and functional connectivity of hippocampus to frontal lobe and left parietal lobe in the observation group. There was no statistical significance in memory scores and memory quotient in the control group. The functional connectivity significantly decreased in left hippocampus to right middle occipital gyrus, and right hippocampus to right superior temporal gyrus and right posterior lobe of cerebellum. There was no statistical correlation between functional connectivity and results of WMS. Conclusion The acupuncture at Baihui can improves memory ability of stroke patients, which may associate with the increase of functional connectivity of hippocampus with frontal lobes and parietal lobes.
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@#Objective To explore the central mechanism of acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) for memory impairment after stroke. Methods 32 stroke patients were randomized to receive acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) (as observation group) and acupuncture at Yanglingquan (GB34) (as control group) for 8 weeks. At the meantime, all participants received routine treatment including physical and occupational therapies. They were scanned with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to find functional connectivity and assessed with Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) before and after treatment. The results of WMS and functional connectivity were analyzed with Pearson's correlation. Results The memory scores and memory quotient improved significantly after treatment in the observation group (P<0.05). The functional connectivity significantly increased occurred in the left hippocampus to right inferior frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus; and right hippocampus to left middle frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus and left parietal lobe. Significant correlations were found between memory quotient and functional connectivity of hippocampus to frontal lobe and left parietal lobe in the observation group. There was no statistical significance in memory scores and memory quotient in the control group. The functional connectivity significantly decreased in left hippocampus to right middle occipital gyrus, and right hippocampus to right superior temporal gyrus and right posterior lobe of cerebellum. There was no statistical correlation between functional connectivity and results of WMS. Conclusion The acupuncture at Baihui can improves memory ability of stroke patients, which may associate with the increase of functional connectivity of hippocampus with frontal lobes and parietal lobes.
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@#Objective To explore the central mechanism of acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) for memory impairment after stroke. Methods 32 stroke patients were randomized to receive acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) (as observation group) and acupuncture at Yanglingquan (GB34) (as control group) for 8 weeks. At the meantime, all participants received routine treatment including physical and occupational therapies. They were scanned with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to find functional connectivity and assessed with Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) before and after treatment. The results of WMS and functional connectivity were analyzed with Pearson's correlation. Results The memory scores and memory quotient improved significantly after treatment in the observation group (P<0.05). The functional connectivity significantly increased occurred in the left hippocampus to right inferior frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus; and right hippocampus to left middle frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus and left parietal lobe. Significant correlations were found between memory quotient and functional connectivity of hippocampus to frontal lobe and left parietal lobe in the observation group. There was no statistical significance in memory scores and memory quotient in the control group. The functional connectivity significantly decreased in left hippocampus to right middle occipital gyrus, and right hippocampus to right superior temporal gyrus and right posterior lobe of cerebellum. There was no statistical correlation between functional connectivity and results of WMS. Conclusion The acupuncture at Baihui can improves memory ability of stroke patients, which may associate with the increase of functional connectivity of hippocampus with frontal lobes and parietal lobes.
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@#Objective To explore the central mechanism of acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) for memory impairment after stroke. Methods 32 stroke patients were randomized to receive acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) (as observation group) and acupuncture at Yanglingquan (GB34) (as control group) for 8 weeks. At the meantime, all participants received routine treatment including physical and occupational therapies. They were scanned with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to find functional connectivity and assessed with Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) before and after treatment. The results of WMS and functional connectivity were analyzed with Pearson's correlation. Results The memory scores and memory quotient improved significantly after treatment in the observation group (P<0.05). The functional connectivity significantly increased occurred in the left hippocampus to right inferior frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus; and right hippocampus to left middle frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus and left parietal lobe. Significant correlations were found between memory quotient and functional connectivity of hippocampus to frontal lobe and left parietal lobe in the observation group. There was no statistical significance in memory scores and memory quotient in the control group. The functional connectivity significantly decreased in left hippocampus to right middle occipital gyrus, and right hippocampus to right superior temporal gyrus and right posterior lobe of cerebellum. There was no statistical correlation between functional connectivity and results of WMS. Conclusion The acupuncture at Baihui can improves memory ability of stroke patients, which may associate with the increase of functional connectivity of hippocampus with frontal lobes and parietal lobes.
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@#Objective To explore the central mechanism of acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) for memory impairment after stroke. Methods 32 stroke patients were randomized to receive acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) (as observation group) and acupuncture at Yanglingquan (GB34) (as control group) for 8 weeks. At the meantime, all participants received routine treatment including physical and occupational therapies. They were scanned with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to find functional connectivity and assessed with Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) before and after treatment. The results of WMS and functional connectivity were analyzed with Pearson's correlation. Results The memory scores and memory quotient improved significantly after treatment in the observation group (P<0.05). The functional connectivity significantly increased occurred in the left hippocampus to right inferior frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus; and right hippocampus to left middle frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus and left parietal lobe. Significant correlations were found between memory quotient and functional connectivity of hippocampus to frontal lobe and left parietal lobe in the observation group. There was no statistical significance in memory scores and memory quotient in the control group. The functional connectivity significantly decreased in left hippocampus to right middle occipital gyrus, and right hippocampus to right superior temporal gyrus and right posterior lobe of cerebellum. There was no statistical correlation between functional connectivity and results of WMS. Conclusion The acupuncture at Baihui can improves memory ability of stroke patients, which may associate with the increase of functional connectivity of hippocampus with frontal lobes and parietal lobes.
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@#Objective To explore the central mechanism of acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) for memory impairment after stroke. Methods 32 stroke patients were randomized to receive acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) (as observation group) and acupuncture at Yanglingquan (GB34) (as control group) for 8 weeks. At the meantime, all participants received routine treatment including physical and occupational therapies. They were scanned with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to find functional connectivity and assessed with Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) before and after treatment. The results of WMS and functional connectivity were analyzed with Pearson's correlation. Results The memory scores and memory quotient improved significantly after treatment in the observation group (P<0.05). The functional connectivity significantly increased occurred in the left hippocampus to right inferior frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus; and right hippocampus to left middle frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus and left parietal lobe. Significant correlations were found between memory quotient and functional connectivity of hippocampus to frontal lobe and left parietal lobe in the observation group. There was no statistical significance in memory scores and memory quotient in the control group. The functional connectivity significantly decreased in left hippocampus to right middle occipital gyrus, and right hippocampus to right superior temporal gyrus and right posterior lobe of cerebellum. There was no statistical correlation between functional connectivity and results of WMS. Conclusion The acupuncture at Baihui can improves memory ability of stroke patients, which may associate with the increase of functional connectivity of hippocampus with frontal lobes and parietal lobes.
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@#Objective To explore the central mechanism of acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) for memory impairment after stroke. Methods 32 stroke patients were randomized to receive acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) (as observation group) and acupuncture at Yanglingquan (GB34) (as control group) for 8 weeks. At the meantime, all participants received routine treatment including physical and occupational therapies. They were scanned with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to find functional connectivity and assessed with Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) before and after treatment. The results of WMS and functional connectivity were analyzed with Pearson's correlation. Results The memory scores and memory quotient improved significantly after treatment in the observation group (P<0.05). The functional connectivity significantly increased occurred in the left hippocampus to right inferior frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus; and right hippocampus to left middle frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus and left parietal lobe. Significant correlations were found between memory quotient and functional connectivity of hippocampus to frontal lobe and left parietal lobe in the observation group. There was no statistical significance in memory scores and memory quotient in the control group. The functional connectivity significantly decreased in left hippocampus to right middle occipital gyrus, and right hippocampus to right superior temporal gyrus and right posterior lobe of cerebellum. There was no statistical correlation between functional connectivity and results of WMS. Conclusion The acupuncture at Baihui can improves memory ability of stroke patients, which may associate with the increase of functional connectivity of hippocampus with frontal lobes and parietal lobes.
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@#Objective To explore the central mechanism of acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) for memory impairment after stroke. Methods 32 stroke patients were randomized to receive acupuncture at Baihui (GV20) (as observation group) and acupuncture at Yanglingquan (GB34) (as control group) for 8 weeks. At the meantime, all participants received routine treatment including physical and occupational therapies. They were scanned with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to find functional connectivity and assessed with Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) before and after treatment. The results of WMS and functional connectivity were analyzed with Pearson's correlation. Results The memory scores and memory quotient improved significantly after treatment in the observation group (P<0.05). The functional connectivity significantly increased occurred in the left hippocampus to right inferior frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus; and right hippocampus to left middle frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus and left parietal lobe. Significant correlations were found between memory quotient and functional connectivity of hippocampus to frontal lobe and left parietal lobe in the observation group. There was no statistical significance in memory scores and memory quotient in the control group. The functional connectivity significantly decreased in left hippocampus to right middle occipital gyrus, and right hippocampus to right superior temporal gyrus and right posterior lobe of cerebellum. There was no statistical correlation between functional connectivity and results of WMS. Conclusion The acupuncture at Baihui can improves memory ability of stroke patients, which may associate with the increase of functional connectivity of hippocampus with frontal lobes and parietal lobes.
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@#Objective To explore the analgesic mechanisms of sufentanil. Methods 17 (8 male, 9 female) healthy right-handed volunteersreceived functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan before and after sufentanil 0.2 ng/ml administration respectively. Thalamuswas as the region of interest (ROI). All the processing works were carried out using the Statistical Parametric Mapping. Results Comparedwith the basic state, significantly weaker functional connectivity was mainly found in the region of bilateral rectal gyrus and the left inferiaorbital gyrus of the frontal lobe, while significantly greater functional connectivity was found in bilateral cerebellum, the right cingulategyrus and the left middle temporal gyrus (P<0.001, cluster>13 mm3). Conclusion Thalamus plays a key role in the central analgesia ofsufentanil, which associated with the functional connectivity of bilateral rectal gyrus and the left inferia orbital gyrus of the frontal lobe, bilateralcerebellum, the right cingulate gyrus and the left middle temporal gyrus.
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@#Objective To explore the analgesic mechanisms of sufentanil. Methods 17 (8 male, 9 female) healthy right-handed volunteersreceived functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan before and after sufentanil 0.2 ng/ml administration respectively. Thalamuswas as the region of interest (ROI). All the processing works were carried out using the Statistical Parametric Mapping. Results Comparedwith the basic state, significantly weaker functional connectivity was mainly found in the region of bilateral rectal gyrus and the left inferiaorbital gyrus of the frontal lobe, while significantly greater functional connectivity was found in bilateral cerebellum, the right cingulategyrus and the left middle temporal gyrus (P<0.001, cluster>13 mm3). Conclusion Thalamus plays a key role in the central analgesia ofsufentanil, which associated with the functional connectivity of bilateral rectal gyrus and the left inferia orbital gyrus of the frontal lobe, bilateralcerebellum, the right cingulate gyrus and the left middle temporal gyrus.
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OBJECTIVE: We wanted to investigate the usefulness of event-related (ER) functional MRI (fMRI) for the assessment of cortical visual impairment in infants with periventricular leukomalacia (PVL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: FMRI data were collected from 24 infants who suffered from PVL and from 12 age-matched normal controls. Slow ER fMRI was performed using a 3.0T MR scanner while visual stimuli were being presented. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Parametric Mapping software (SPM2), the SPM toolbox MarsBar was used to analyze the region of interest data, and the time to peak (TTP) of hemodynamic response functions (HRFs) was estimated for the surviving voxels. The number of activated voxels and the TTP values of HRFs were compared. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to compare visual impairment evaluated by using Teller Acuity Cards (TAC) with the number of activated voxels in the occipital lobes in all patients. RESULTS: In all 12 control infants, the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal was negative and the maximum response was located in the anterior and superior part of the calcarine fissure, and this might correspond to the anterior region of the primary visual cortex (PVC). In contrast, for the 24 cases of PVL, there were no activated pixels in the PVC in four subjects, small and weak activations in six subjects, deviated activations in seven subjects and both small and deviated activations in three subjects. The number of active voxels in the occipital lobe was significantly correlated with the TAC-evaluated visual impairment (p < 0.001). The mean TTP of the HRFs was significantly delayed in the cases of PVL as compared with that of the normal controls. CONCLUSION: Determining the characteristics of both the BOLD response and the ER fMRI activation may play an important role in the cortical visual assessment of infants with PVL.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Case-Control Studies , Evoked Potentials, Visual , Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted , Leukomalacia, Periventricular/physiopathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Photic Stimulation , Pilot Projects , Visual Acuity , Visual Cortex/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Objective To investigate cortical activation patterns for covert and overt picture naming with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods fMRI data were collected on 24-27 years old volunteers during performance of covert and overt picture naming. After statistical postprocessing analysis, head movement data were compared across tasks and average neural activation maps were available for both tasks. Results Mean and maximal translations of head movement in covert picture naming were less than those in overt picture naming, but the difference has no statistical significance (P=0.23). It was shown that covert picture naming involved an orchestration of bilateral occipital gyri and cerebellums, bilateral supplementary motor area, postcentral gyri, inferior frontal gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex. Activations in overt picture naming included those in covert naming (but more intensive), bilateral precentral gyri and posterior superior temporal gyri, left anterior superior temporal gyrus, bilateral thalamus, basal ganglia, and left insula. Conclusion Covert and overt picture naming are two different tasks involving different neural processing networks and levels. They can not be taken as substitutes for each other.
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Objective To evaluate the value of medical imaging technology in qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of liver steatosis.Methods To describe the current status and advancements of medical imaging technology such as sonography,CT and MRI in qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of liver steatosis,and to contrast their advantages and shortages.Results Sonography could be used as the primary screening and evaluate measures in qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of liver steatosis,and CT was more reliable in quantitative diagnosis,MRI had significant improving with its high sensitivity and specificity.Conclusion Medical imaging technology has significant clinical value in qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of liver steatosis,especially with the help of functional MR imaging techniques such as spectroscopy and chemical shift Gradient-Echo technic.