Impacto de rehabilitación física y sistema súper inductivo generando magnetismo en fractura postquirúrgica de tobillo: Reporte de caso / Impact of physical rehabilitation and super inductive system by generating magnetism in postsurgical ankle fracture: A case report

Las fracturas pueden producir impotencia funcional, deformidad, hematoma, entumecimiento, dolor y cosquilleo. Muchas requieren cirugía y rehabilitación física por personal calificado y equipos adecuados. El objetivo de este estudio fue aplicar la rehabilitación física y el sistema súper inductivo de alta intensidad como tratamiento en fractura postquirúrgica. La paciente de 46 años, sufre caída de propia altura fracturándose la tibia y peroné derechos, confirmado el diagnóstico, se le realiza la reducción abierta más fijación interna, recibe el alta con férula suropédica que se retira seis semanas después, inicia marcha con apoyo parcial progresivo con incremento de dolor eva 6/10, limitación de la movilidad y edema bimaleolar. La radiografía muestra solución de continuidad del maléolo tibial con material de osteosíntesis. Recibe propuesta terapéutica no invasiva, suspensión de la carga, rehabilitación física por cinco semanas más sistema súper inductivo de alta intensidad tres veces por semana. A la valoración radiográfica de tobillo derecho postero anterior, lateral, y oblicua, presenta reducción correcta del maléolo tibial, la flexión, extensión, inversión y eversión son valorables sin dolor ni edema. Se puede concluir que la rehabilitación y el sistema súper inductivo de alta intensidad con campos electromagnéticos de alta potencia, sí bioestimula la reparación ósea, también acelera el plazo de osteosíntesis con reducción del dolor logrando la recuperación funcional en la paciente.

Fractures can cause functional impotence, deformity, bruising, numbness, pain, and tingling. Many require surgery and physical rehabilitation provided by qualified personnel and adequate equipment. The objetive of this study was to apply physical rehabilitation and high intensity super inductive system as a treatment for postsurgical fracture. A 46-year-old woman suffered a fall from her own height, fracturing the right tibia and fibula, and, an open reduction plus internal fixation was performed, afer confirming the diagnosis. She wadischarged with a south-pedic splint, which was removed 6 weeks later the patient, began to walk with progressive partial support with 6/10 increased eva pain, limitation of mobility and bimalleolar edema. e radiograph shows a solution of continuity of the tibial malleolus with osteosynthesis material. She receives a non-invasive therapeutic proposal, suspension of the load, physical rehabilitation for 5 weeks, and a high intensity super inductive system 3 times a week. Radiographic evaluation of the right ankle anterior, lateral, and oblique shows correct reduction of the tibial malleolus. Flexion, extension, inversion and eversion are assessable without pain or edema. Rehabilitation and high intensity super inductive system with high power electromagnetic fields, biostimulate bone repair and accelerates bone treatment, relieving pain. It can be concluded that the rehabilitation and the high-intensity super-inductive system with high-power electromagnetic fields, biostimulates bone repair, and accelerates the osteosynthesis period with pain reduction, achieving functional recovery of the patient.

Pluralismo e dissensão: o magnetismo animal em debate no Portugal de meados de Oitocentos / Pluralism and dissent: animal magnetism in debate in Portugal in the mid-nineteenth century

Resumo Em meados do século XIX, em Portugal, discutiu-se, com relativa intensidade, medicina e sistemas médicos alternativos e complementares, quer na imprensa periódica especializada, quer em alguns jornais de cunho generalista. Desses sistemas médicos, que emergiram com vigor no Portugal do Romantismo, um parece ter gerado especial debate: o magnetismo animal. O presente artigo, em perspectiva comparada, visa resgatar o alcance histórico desse sistema clínico, analisando a curiosidade popular e especializada em torno dessa terapia. Finalmente, contextualizar-se-ão as querelas literárias e institucionais que o magnetismo animal desencadeou no período.

Abstract In mid-nineteenth century Portugal, alternative and complementary medical systems and medicine were discussed with relative intensity in the specialized press and in some mainstream newspapers. One of these medical systems, which gained ground during Portugal's romantic era, seems to have sparked particular debate: animal magnetism. A comparative approach is taken to review the historical scope of this healing system, analyzing popular and specialized curiosity regarding this therapy. Finally, the literary and institutional disagreements that animal magnetism unleashed during the period are contextualized.

Design and application of a new magnetic joint for electroacupuncture instrument / 中国针灸

Combined with the material characteristics of acupuncture needle, new connection technology and injection moulding technology, and through mechanical test, a new type of magnetic joint for electroacupuncture instrument, with regular appearance and simple manufacturing process, is developed, which can be connected with acupuncture needle in close range. This joint is composed of the inner magnet joint and the outer joint protective sleeve. The new conductive adhesive is used to simplify the manufacturing process. Its advantages include connection with acupuncture needle by magnetic force, being convenient to store when idle and easy to switch to the working state, and quick disconnection in case of emergency. This joint is connected safely and firmly with acupuncture needle by magnetic force, which shortens the operation time, improves the working efficiency, and effectively solves the problems existing in the crocodile clip connector.

Study on physical properties of Ayurvedic nanocrystalline Tamra Bhasma by employing modern scientific tools

Background: Tamra Bhasma is derived from metallic copper that is recommended for different ailmentsof liver and spleen, dropsy, abdominal pain, heart disease, colitis, tumors, anemia, loss of appetite,tuberculosis, as well as eye problems.Objectives: The knowledge of crystallite size and active ingredients in Bhasma materials is limitedrestricting its use as nanomedicine in the modern era. Also, the 2015 Nobel prize in medicine hasmotivated many researchers towards traditional medicines. Therefore, the different chemical andphysical properties of prepared Tamra Bhasma has been studied by modern experimental tools (XRD,VSM, SEM, FTIR and PL spectrometer) and the preliminary testing of Tamra Bhasma nanoparticles wasexamined on bacteria.Materials and methods: Bhasma is prepared by metals and minerals using three step procedures e.g.Shodhana, Bhavana and Marana. In the present work, for the preparation of Tamra Bhasma, pulverizedcopper wire was used and prepared by the principle of Puta (incineration) in an Electrical Muffle Furnace(EMF).Results: X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy results revealed that the crystallitesize of Bhasma powder was less than 100 nm and nanocrystallites of aglomerated size in micrometer.Magnetometer measurement supports its medicinal value. Photoluminescence (PL) properties of nanocrystalline Bhasma powder was investigated in UV-NIR region and shows luminescence in visible region.The antimicrobial study of Tamra Bhasma shows effectiveness on bacteria and, may be useful to controlthe bacterial infection disease.Conclusion: Scientific data obtained using modern scientific tools and evidence would support in utilizing the ancient Indian wisdom of Ayurveda for the development of newer drugs as a modern nanomedicine and in other possible technological applications.© 2017 Transdisciplinary University, Bangalore and World Ayurveda Foundation. Publishing Services byElsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

A novel pectoral muscle segmentation from scanned mammograms using EMO algorithm

Mammogram images are majorly used for detecting the breast cancer. The level of positivity of breast cancer is detected after excluding the pectoral muscle from mammogram images. Hence, it is very significant to identify and segment the pectoral muscle from the mammographic images. In this work, a new multilevel thresholding, on the basis of electro-magnetism optimization (EMO) technique, is proposed. The EMO works on the principle of attractive and repulsive forces among the charges to develop the members of a population. Here, both Kapur's and Otsu based cost functions are employed with EMO separately. These standard functions are executed over the EMO operator till the best solution is achieved. Thus, optimal threshold levels can be identified for the considered mammographic image. The proposed methodology is applied on all the three twenty-two mammogram images available in mammographic image analysis society dataset, and successful segmentation of the pectoral muscle is achieved for majority of the mammogram images. Hence, the proposed algorithm is found to be robust for variations in the pectoral muscle.

Study on Preparation ，Characterization and Magnetism of Magnetic Graphene Oxide Modified by Folic Acid / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To prepare Magnetic graphene oxide modified by folic acid （FA-GO-Fe3O4）， and to characterize it and study its magnetism. METHODS： Using graphene oxide （GO）， ferric chloride hexahydrate and ferrous chloride tetrahydrate as raw material， magnetic graphene oxide （GO-Fe3O4） was synthesized by hydrothermal coprecipitation method. FA-GO-Fe3O4 was obtained by linking amido bond to folic acid. GO， GO-Fe3O4 and FA-GO-Fe3O4 were characterized by scanning electron microscopy， infrared spectroscopy， X-ray diffraction （XRD） and particle size and Zeta potential analyzer respectively. Zeta potential was measured. The magnetism of FA-GO-Fe3O4 were investigated by the action of external magnetic field and hysteresis loop. RESULTS： Compared with GO and GO-Fe3O4， scanning electron microscopy and XRD showed that the structure of GO destroyed in the synthesis of FA-GO-Fe3O4， and there were particles attached on the surface， and amorphous phase peaks between 15 ° and 30 °. Infrared spectroscopy showed that FA-GO-Fe3O4 had absorption peaks at 574 cm－1 and 1 640 cm－1， which belonged to the characteristic absorption of Fe-O and —CONH— respectively. Zeta potentials of GO， GO-Fe3O4 and FA-GO-Fe3O4 were －24， 5.62 and －22.7 mV， respectively. FA-GO-Fe3O4 had obvious magnetism under external magnetic field， and its saturation magnetization was about 20-25 emu/g under room temperature and applied positive and negative magnetic fields. CONCLUSIONS： FA-GO-Fe3O4 prepared in this study has superparamagnetism and is more stable than GO-Fe3O4.

Cultura científica, magnetismo y espiritismo durante fines del siglo XIX en Buenos Aires: un análisis desde Ovidio Rebaudi / Scientific culture, magnetism and spiritualism during the end of the 19th century in Buenos Aires: an analysis from Ovidio Rebaudi

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar a un personaje remarcable del escenario cultural y científico de Buenos Aires de fines de siglo, el director de la Revista Magnetológica: Ovidio Rebaudi (1860-1931), renombrado químico así como adherente al espiritismo y el magnetismo. La vida y obra del mismo, oriundo de Paraguay y radicado en Argentina, resulta de utilidad para comprender cómo actores de filiación científica practicaban y defendían, al mismo tiempo, la hipnosis y el magnetismo. De hecho, Rebaudi dedicó gran parte de su vida a estudiar y conceptualizar acerca de los fenómenos sobrenaturales, llevando a cabo también curaciones magnéticas y diversas experiencias espiritistas, siempre dotando sus prácticas de cientificidad. El presente artículo analiza a este personaje de fin de siglo que abogaba, al mismo tiempo, por las prácticas científicas y por el estudio de lo sobrenatural. Entendemos que dicho análisis servirá para iluminar las zonas de mixtura y entrelazamiento entre terrenos tan disímiles como el científico y el de las energías y fluidos magnéticos.

The aim of this paper is to analyze a remarkable character of Buenos Aires cultural and scientific scenario during the end of the century, the producer of the Revista Magnetológica (Magazine of magnetism) Ovidio Rebaudi (1860-1931), a well-known chemist and follower of magnetism and spiritualism. The life and work of this chemist, native of Paraguay and resident of Argentina, seem useful to understand how scientific actors held and protect hypnotic and magnetic practices. In fact, Rebaudi dedicated a great part of his life to the study and conceptualization of supernatural phenomena, performing magnetic healings and diverse spiritualist experiments, enduing their practices with scientific attributes. This paper intends to analyze this end-of-the-century character, who pleaded for scientific practices on the one hand, and for supernatural studies on the other. We understand that this analysis could enlighten some mixture zones and interweaved soils between the scientific and the magnetic grounds.

Hipnosis y magnetismo en la Revista Magnetológica (1897-1903) / Hypnotism and magnetism in revista magnetológica (1897-1903)

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar una fuente poco estudiada hasta el presente, la Revista Magnetológica publicada por una sociedad conformada principalmente por adherentes al espiritismo y la teosofía en Buenos Aires. El contenido de la revista ofrece evidencias muy valiosas sobre la manera en que actores sociales ajenos al campo médico tradicional abordaron teórica y prácticamente la hipnosis y el magnetismo en el cambio de siglo. En efecto, los magnetólogos de Buenos Aires no sólo elaboraron complejas conceptualizaciones sobre esos fenómenos, sino que también pusieron en práctica curaciones magnéticas cuyos detalles fueron difundidos des-de las páginas de la revista. Nuestro cometido es analizar algunos aspectos puntuales de esa publicación: de un lado, el modo en que los magnetólogos se posicionaron en relación a los médicos de la ciudad, y de otro, sus estrategias de autolegitimación.

The aim of this article is to analyze a source that has not been deeply studied yet: the Magnetologic Magazine (Revista Magnetológica)published by a society mainly composed of adherents of spiritualism and theosophy in Buenos Aires. The content of the magazine offers valuable evidence about the way in which social actors -who were foreign to the medical traditional field- theoretically and practically approached hypnosis and magnetism at the end of the century. In fact, magnetists from Buenos Aires not only developed complex conceptualizations of these phenomena, but also implemented magnetic cures which details were spread throughout the pages of the magazine. Our task is to analyze some specific aspects of this publication: on the one hand, how the magnetists were placed in relation to the doctors of the city, and on the other, their strategies of self-legitimation.

How electricity was discovered and how it is related to cardiology / Cómo se llegó al descubrimiento de la electricidad y su utilización en cardiología

We relate the fundamental stages of the long road leading to the discovery of electricity and its uses in cardiology. The first observations on the electromagnetic phenomena were registered in ancient texts; many Greek and Roman writers referred to them, although they provided no explanations. The first extant treatise dates back to the XIII century and was written by Pierre de Maricourt during the siege of Lucera, Italy, by the army of Charles of Anjou, French king of Naples. There were no significant advances in the field of magnetism between the appearance of this treatise and the publication of the study De magnete magneticisque corporibus (1600) by the English physician William Gilbert. Scientists became increasingly interested in electromagnetic phenomena occurring in certain fish, i.e., the so-called electric ray that lived in the South American seas and the Torpedo fish that roamed the Mediterranean Sea. This interest increased in the 18th century, when condenser devices such as the Leyden jar were explored. It was subsequently demonstrated that the discharges produced by ''electric fish'' were of the same nature as those produced in this device. The famous ''controversy'' relating to animal electricity or electricity inherent to an animal's body also arose in the second half of the 18th century. The school of thought of the physicist Volta sustained the principle of a single electrical action generated by metallic contact. This led Volta to invent his electric pile, considered as the first wet cell battery. Toward the middle of the XIX century, the disciples of the physiologist Galvani were able to demonstrate the existence of animal electricity through experiments exploring the so-called current of injury. On the path of Volta's approach, many characteristics of electricity were detailed, which ultimately led to their usage in the industrial field. The route followed by Galvani-Nobili-Matteucci led to the successes of Waller, Einthoven, etcetera, enabling the modern conquests of electro-vectorcardiography.

Se relatan las etapas fundamentales del largo camino que llevó al descubrimiento de la electricidad y su utilización en cardiología. Las primeras observaciones de fenómenos electromagnéticos se realizaron en la antigüedad clásica y se señalaron por autores griego-romanos, aunque no podían ser interpretados correctamente. Sólo en el siglo XIII apareció un escrito de Pierre de Maricourt, redactado durante el sitio de Lucera, en Italia Meridional, por las huestes de Carlos de Anjou, rey francés de Nápoles. Entre la redacción de este ensayo y la publicación del tratado De magnete magneticisque corporibus (1600) por el médico inglés William Gilbert, no hubo avances importantes en el campo del electromagnetismo. Pero los investigadores comenzaron a interesarse en los fenómenos electromagnéticos que se producían en ciertos peces, por ejemplo la llamada anguila eléctrica, que vivía en los mares de Sudamérica, y también en el pez Torpedo morador del mar Mediterráneo. Tal interés aumentó a mediados del siglo XVIII, cuando se elaboraron condensadores del tipo de la llamada botella de Leyden. Pudo demostrarse, por tanto, que las descargas de los ''peces eléctricos'' son del mismo tipo de las que pueden producirse en dicho aparato. En la segunda mitad del siglo mencionado, se originó la famosa ''controversia'' acerca de la llamada electricidad animal, o sea de la electricidad inherente al cuerpo de animales. La línea de los investigadores de la escuela del físico Volta, sustentaba la existencia de la sola electricidad ''de contacto'' entre cables metálicos. Esto llevó a su jefe a lograr el invento de la pila eléctrica. Los discípulos del fisiólogo Galvani llegaron a demostrar hacia mediados del siglo XIX, la existencia de una verdadera electricidad animal en forma de corriente de lesión. Por el camino de Volta, se llegó a detectar muchas características de la electricidad, lo que permitió su utilización esencialmente en campo industrial. Por la vía Galvani-Nobili-Matteucci, se llegó a los éxitos de Waller, Einthoven, entre otros, lo que hizo posible lograr las modernas conquistas de la electrovectocardiografía.

Reflexões sobre o magnetismo animal: contribuições para revisão da história da psicologia / Reflections on animal magnetism: contributions to a review of the history of psychology

Este artigo procura fornecer subsídios para uma alternativa de compreensão histórica sobre o magnetismo animal, de modo a realçar sua importância na construção da psicologia. Nesse sentido, busca-se enfatizar o papel das instituições e práticas sociais que influenciaram de forma decisiva a condenação desta proposta. Na mesma linha de reflexão, visa-se também destacar algumas das incompatibilidades epistemológicas com o projeto moderno de ciência, que também contribuíram significativamente para a rejeição do magnetismo animal. Por fim, o artigo é concluído com uma reflexão sobre a necessidade de revisão da noção de ciência presente nas referências dominantes da história da psicologia, que, geralmente, restringem-se a questões lineares e metodológicas e desprezam os processos intersubjetivos e sociais que atuam na construção desta área de conhecimento.

The present article intends to provide support for an alternative to a historical understanding of animal magnetism, highlighting its importance in the construction of psychology. Accordingly, the article attempts to emphasize the role of social institutions and practices which have had a decisive influence on the denunciation of such proposals. Along the same line of thinking, it also aims to highlight some of the epistemiological incompatibilities that lie in the modern science project, which have also contributed significantly to the rejection of animal magnetism. Finally, the article ends by reconsidering the need for a review on the very notion of science existing in the main reference works on the history of psychology, which are generally limited to methodological and linear issues and therefore disregard the inter-subjective and social processes at work in the construction of psychology as a science.

Sobre a condenação do magnetismo animal: revisitando a história da psicologia / On the condemnation of animal magnetism: reviewing the history of psychology

O presente trabalho procura desenvolver uma reflexão crítica sobre o processo de condenação do magnetismo animal. Partindo de uma crítica às versões lineares e progressistas da história da Psicologia, nas quais o magnetismo é excluído ou pouco explorado, o artigo busca atingir dois objetivos. Primeiramente, questionar alguns dos pressupostos típicos das versões históricas dominantes, como a idéia de que o magnetismo não teria resistido às exigências da metodologia científica. Em segundo lugar, oferecer uma alternativa de compreensão deste processo calcada na idéia de que a rejeição ao magnetismo animal ocorreu, em parte, devido à oposição de princípios epistemológicos existente entre este e o projeto moderno de ciência. O artigo é concluído destacando o caráter acidental do nascimento do espaço psicológico a partir desta condenação, a diversidade de razões nela presentes e questiona a noção de progresso típico ao projeto moderno de ciência que inspirou o nascimento da Psicologia.

The following article intends to develop a critical reflection about the process of condemnation of animal magnetism. From a critical stand to the linear and progressive versions of the history of Psychology, in which magnetism is excluded or little explored, the article seeks to achieve two objectives. First, to question a few typical surmises of the dominant historical version, such as the idea that animal magnetism would not have resisted the requirements of scientific methodology. Second, to provide an alternative to comprehend the process based on the idea that the rejection of animal magnetism occurred in part, due to the opposition of existing epistemological principles between this and the modern project of science. The article concludes by pointing out the accidental character of the birth of the psychological field as from that condemnation, the adversity of reasons that it complies, and questions the notion of typical progress to the modern project of science that inspired the birth of Psychology.

The difference of ADM binding protein in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7/Wild and MCF-7/ADM Cell / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study the mutidrugresistance mechanism of tumor cell by comparing the binding pro-tein with Adriamycin(ADM)in the MCF-7/Wild cell and MCF-7/ADM resistance cell.Methods The biotin-ADM compound was synthesized with the esterification-dehydration method,purified with HPLC and analyzed with mass spectrograph.The binding proteins against Adriamycin from MCF-7/ADM or MCF-7/Wild cell whose resistance index is above 200 were obtained respectively by the affinity screening magnetism bead method with biotin-ADM compound as a specific ligand.Some binding proteins with Adriamycin were identified with the MALDI-TOF-MS after isolating them with SDS-PAGE.Cell motor ability was compared in the migration experiment.Results The variability of biotin-ADM and ADM was negligible,while that IC50 of the two compounds to MCF-7/Wild was 0.796 ?mol?L-1 and 0.547 ?mol?L-1 respectively.The 20 types binding proteins with ADM were found from MCF-7/Wild cell,and 17 types binding proteins from MCF-7/ADM resistance cell.There was one protein band difference from the two cells on SDS-PAGE with silver staining.The same binding proteins on the two cells that identified with MALDI-TOF-MS were myosin,beta-actin,alpha-actin,keratin.MCF-7/W and MCF-7/ADM both migrated after being cultivated 72 h,with a faster migration of MCF-7/ADM.Conclusion There are different binding protein with ADM on the MCF-7/Wild cell and MCF-7/ADM resistance cell.The same binding protein with ADM on the two cells belongs to the cystoskeleton protein.The binding of the ADM with the cell cystoskeleton protein has some effect to the migration of the MCF-7/ADM.