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ObjectiveTo explore the psychological defense styles and family environment among male prisoners of different terms of imprisonment， and to analyse the relationship between their psychological defense styles and family environment. MethodsA total of 200 male prisoners in a prison in Guangdong were randomly selected from April to June 2015， and they were classified into less than 5 years of imprisonment group （n=108） and 5 years or more imprisonment group （n=92）. Their defense style and family environment were evaluated by Defense Style Questionnaire （DSQ） and Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version （FES-CV）. Pearson correlation analysis was used to test the correlation between each scale score. ResultsThe factor scores of immature defense mechanism and intermediate defense mechanism of DSQ in the group with less than 5 years of imprisonment were lower than those in the group with 5 years or more imprisonment， with statistically significant differences （t=4.198， 1.137， P<0.01）. The scores of FES-CV family intimacy， emotional expression and organizational factors in less than 5 years of imprisonment group were higher than those in 5 years or more imprisonment group （t=3.122， 2.993， 2.203， P<0.01）， and the scores of contradiction factors were lower than those in 5 years or more imprisonment group （t=-3.682， P<0.01）. The scores of DSQ immature， intermediate defense mechanism and concealment factor of male prisoners were negatively correlated with the scores of FES-CV family intimacy and emotional expression factor （r=-0.428~-0.172， P<0.05 or 0.01）， and the scores of 4 factors in DSQ were all positively correlated with the scores of contradiction factor in FES-CV （r=0.175~0.384， P<0.05 or 0.01）. ConclusionCompared with male prisoners with less than 5 years of imprisonment， those with 5 years or more are prone to adopt immature and intermediate defense mechanisms， and their family environments are characterized by apparent contradiction and a lack of family intimacy， emotional expression and organization. Furthermore， the defects of psychological defense mechanism of prisoners are related to their family environment.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the relationship among family functioning,positive and negative affect in male prisoners, in which the mediating effect of neuroticism and self-acceptance.Methods 315 male prisoners were surveyed with Family APGAR Index, Positive and Negative Affect Scale, Neurotism Scale,and the Self Acceptance Questionnaire.To compare positive and negative affect,neuroticism and self-acceptance of male prisoners in different family functioning groups.In addition,structural equation modeling was established among above mentioned variables.Results (1) Male prisoners in the worst family functio-ning group showed significant difference(P<0.05) in positive affect (26.31±6.55),neuroticism (14.23± 5.11) and self-acceptance (40.58±4.31) with those in the good family functioning group ((29.88±6.48), (11.49±4.89),(42.77±4.97)) and those in the worse family functioning group ((29.80±4.49),(12.91± 4.58),(42.39±5.54)).(2) Male prisoners'family functioning was significantly related to positive affect ( r=0.28) ,neuroticism ( r=-0.30) and self-acceptance ( r=0.20) (P<0.01) .Negative affect was significantly related to neuroticism ( r=-0.25) and self-acceptance ( r=0.39) (P<0.01) .( 3) Neuroticism and self-ac-ceptance played a chain mediating effect between family functioning and positive affect (P<0.01) .Neuroti-cism also played mediating effects between family functioning and negative affect as well as between family functioning and self-acceptance (P<0.01) .Conclusion Family functioning,neuroticism and self-acceptance have significant predictive power for male prisoners'positive and negative affect.To improve family functio-ning of male prisoners is conductive to personality formation and self-acceptance,furthermore,expressing pos-itive emotion experience.
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Objective To explore the relationship among family functioning,coping style,and psychopathic personality for adult male prisoners.Methods 328 adult male prisoners were surveyed with Family APGAR Index,Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and Psychopathic Deviate Scale.Different demographic variables were compared on male prisoners'family functioning,coping style and psychopathic personality.Coping style and psychopathic personality were compared among family functioning groups,then a relationship model was set up by structural equation modeling.Results The low age male prisoners showed significant lower growth (1.17 ±0.76),resolve (1.11 ±0.79),negative coping style(1.15 ± 0.51),the total scale of family APGAR (5.61 ± 2.73) and higher psychopathic personality (22.11 ± 4.95) than the high age male prisoners ((1.35 ± 0.72),(1.45 ± 0.68),(1.30±0.58),(6.29 ±2.63),(19.40 ±5.06),t=2.17,4.15,2.51,2.31,4.89).The rural male prisoners showed significant lower adaptation (1.04 ± 0.69) and higher positive coping style (1.95 ± 0.40) than the city male prisoners ((1.21 ± 0.74),(1.81 ± 0.43),t =2.07,3.09).The positive coping style (P =0.024)and psychopathic personality (P =0.000) of adult male prisoners among family functioning groups showed significantly difference.The strongest positive effect that adult male prisoners' positive coping style forecast family functioning was 0.275.The strongest negtive effect that male prisoners' psychopathic personality forecast family functioning was 0.257.The strongest negtive effect that male prisoners' negative coping style forecast psychopathic personality was 0.197.The strongest positive effect that male prisoners' family functioning forecast psychopathic personality was 0.266.Conclusions Positive coping style and good family functioning could effectively adjust adult male prisoners' personality.Positive coping style and perfect personality could effectively improve adult male prisoners' family functioning.Family functioning and psychopathic personality interact with each other.