ABSTRACT
O estado nutricional de pacientes oncológicos é afetado pelos fatores tumorais e pela terapia instituída. Evidências científicas apontam que a imunonutrição é capaz de exercer efeitos benéficos em pacientes com câncer gastrointestinal. O objetivo desse trabalho foi averiguar, na literatura, o impacto de fórmulas enterais imunomoduladoras em pacientes com câncer do trato gastrointestinal. Os resultados mostram que a desnutrição é diagnosticada em 60% a 80% dos pacientes com câncer gastrointestinal e está diretamente relacionada à morbidade, tempo de hospitalização, resposta e tolerância ao tratamento. Estudos mostram que o suporte nutricional e o uso de imunomoduladores são capazes de exercer efeitos benéficos sobre o sistema imunológico e a recuperação de pacientes com câncer, promovendo o estado nutricional melhorado, reduzindo complicações, tempo de internação e mortalidade. Estudos adicionais são necessários para elucidar os mecanismos de ação e dose de imunonutrientes em vários tipos de câncer.
The nutritional status of cancer patients is affected by tumor factors and therapy instituted. Scientific evidence suggests that immunonutrition can exert beneficial effects in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. The objective of this review is to ascertain, in the literature the impact of immunomodulating enteral formulas in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. The results show that malnutrition is diagnosed in 60 % -80 % of patients with gastrointestinal cancer and is directly related to morbidity, hospitalization time, response and tolerance to treatment. Studies show that nutritional support and the use of immunomodulators are able to exert beneficial effects on the immune system and the recovery of cancer patients, promoting improved nutritional status, reducing complications, hospitalization time and mortality. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms of action and dose of immunonutrients in various types of cancer.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the improvement of nutrition status in children and adolescents of Nakhi ethnicity,in the last 25 years so as to put forward further suggestions for improvement.Methods 2 635 Nakhi students aged 7-18 years were selected from the 2010 national survey,with a group of Han students from the rural areas were randomly selected as controls.WHO-2006 reference was used to screen the prevalence of malnutrition,and compared with the control group.Results The prevalence rates in the Nakhi male and female students were 4.9％ and 4.7％ for stunting,5.6％ and 4.6％ for wasting,and 10.5％ and 9.3％ for total malnutrition,respectively.Changes on secular growth in both Nakhi and Han students in the rural areas were compared and the results showed that the superiority of Nakhi children was the cause for these disparities.Conclusion Nutrition status of the Nakhi children was predicted and an optional future was displayed.Positive factors for causing these superiorities were summarized.Suggestions were also put forward regarding the formulation of balanced diet,improving the skills on preventive-cure,strengthening the local matemal-child healthcare services and the development of education on better bearing and rearing,etc.