ABSTRACT
Background: India was the first country to have launched a National Program for Family Planning in 1952, but still there is no control on population growth. The objective was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of contraceptives among married women in semi urban area of Tamil Nadu.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in a semi urban area of Tamil Nadu. Married women of reproductive age (15-49) were included. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the subjects and self-administered questionnaire was used as study tool.Results: In this study about 91.80% were aware of at least one of the contraceptive methods but only 64.75% women used. The most common reason for using contraception was small family norms (75.89%) and for not using contraception was worried about side effects. The method commonly preferred was sterilisation (63.93%). The process of decision making was done mutually by both husband and wife (76.79%). There is an association existing between the education and awareness.Conclusions: On overall analysis it was found that only 49% are aware of contraception. Thus by proper motivation, counselling and improving facilities at both government and private sector, the unmet needs of contraception can be a
ABSTRACT
Objective To examine the association between domestic violence and mental/general health status among married migrant women at reproductive age. Methods A total of 958 eligible married migrant women of reproductive age who were selected through community-based multiple-stage sampling method in one urban district in Shanghai and interviewed in April and May 2010. Chi-square test,Fisher’s exact test and unconditional logistic regression model were used for data analysis. Results The overall prevalence of domestic violence in husbands was 40.0%. Among 5 adverse outcomes related to general health and 6 adverse outcomes related to mental health, exposing to physical or sexual violence in the life time or in the previous year were associated with 2 adverse outcomes related to general health(including often in pain/discomfort and sleeping problems) and 4 adverse outcomes related to mental health(including often feeling nervous/tense/worry,easily getting frightened,crying more than usual,often feeling worthless on herself or being indifferent to the surroundings). Experience of control behavior was associated with 1 adverse outcome that related to general health (often in pain or discomfort) and 3 adverse outcomes related to mental health including easily get frightened,feeling worthless on herself or indifferent to the surroundings, Experience of emotional violence in the previous year was associated with pain or discomfort feelings. Compared with those who had never experienced any violence from husband after adjusting for potential influencing factors in logistic regression models,respondents who had ever experienced physical or sexual violence,control behavior or emotional violence,the numbers were respectively, presented 2.25-3.70 times,1.94-4.75 times and 2.12 times,more likely to report the above-mentioned adverse health outcomes. Conclusion Domestic violence was associated with general and mental health among married migrant women at reproductive age,especially physical or sexual violence and control behaviors.
ABSTRACT
Objective To examine the association between domestic violence and mental/general health status among married migrant women at reproductive age. Methods A total of 958 eligible married migrant women of reproductive age who were selected through community-based multiple-stage sampling method in one urban district in Shanghai and interviewed in April and May 2010. Chi-square test,Fisher’s exact test and unconditional logistic regression model were used for data analysis. Results The overall prevalence of domestic violence in husbands was 40.0%. Among 5 adverse outcomes related to general health and 6 adverse outcomes related to mental health, exposing to physical or sexual violence in the life time or in the previous year were associated with 2 adverse outcomes related to general health(including often in pain/discomfort and sleeping problems) and 4 adverse outcomes related to mental health(including often feeling nervous/tense/worry,easily getting frightened,crying more than usual,often feeling worthless on herself or being indifferent to the surroundings). Experience of control behavior was associated with 1 adverse outcome that related to general health (often in pain or discomfort) and 3 adverse outcomes related to mental health including easily get frightened,feeling worthless on herself or indifferent to the surroundings, Experience of emotional violence in the previous year was associated with pain or discomfort feelings. Compared with those who had never experienced any violence from husband after adjusting for potential influencing factors in logistic regression models,respondents who had ever experienced physical or sexual violence,control behavior or emotional violence,the numbers were respectively, presented 2.25-3.70 times,1.94-4.75 times and 2.12 times,more likely to report the above-mentioned adverse health outcomes. Conclusion Domestic violence was associated with general and mental health among married migrant women at reproductive age,especially physical or sexual violence and control behaviors.