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@#<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Introduction.</strong> Malnutrition in the forms of wasting and overweight among children ages 0 to 23 months is a continuing public health concern in the Philippines. Childhood malnutrition has lifelong consequences. For young children aged 0-23 months, maternal influences play a significant role in the realization of optimal nutritional status.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Objective.</strong> This study aimed to identify maternal characteristics that may influence the nutritional status of children aged 0-23 months.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods.</strong> This study utilized data from the 2015 Updating Survey from Department of Science and Technology-Food and Nutrition Research Institute. The association of maternal characteristics with the nutritional status of a child was determined using the Rao-Scott Chi-squared test statistic. Multinomial logistic regression was used to model a child's nutritional status using weight-for-length as an indicator.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Results.</strong> A child whose mother was educated was less likely to be wasted. The odds of a child being wasted was observed to increase with underweight mothers, longer duration of lactation and higher wealth quintile. Alternatively, the odds of a child to be overweight is reduced if the mother had formal education, was in late lactation stage, and availed tetanus toxoid vaccine. The likelihood that a child will be overweight increased with higher family wealth quintile and obesity of the mother.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion.</strong> Maternal nutritional status, education, duration of lactation, wealth quintile, and availment of prenatal services were found to be associated with the weight-for-height status of children 0-23 months. Incorporating the identified maternal factors when planning new interventions and policies is recommended to address wasting in young children.</p>
Subject(s)
Nutrition Surveys , OverweightABSTRACT
Background: Birth weight is the single largest determinant of the neonatal survival and wellbeing. Maternal anaemia is the commonest medical disorder in pregnancy and is associated with significant maternal morbidity and mortality. The effect of haemoglobin levels of the mother on the foetus however remains unclear. This study aims at evaluating the effect of maternal anaemia on neonatal birth weight. It also evaluates the effect of parity, gestational age and maternal age on the new-born birth weight.Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on patients who had delivered in Al Falah hospital, a newly setup medical college in rural Haryana. The population was studied for maternal age, gestational period, and parity and haemoglobin levels. These parameters were correlated with neonatal birth weight. The study was carried out on deliveries which occurred over a period of six months from November 2018 to April 2019.Results: The low birth weight new-borns were 10.5%. Maternal anaemia was present in 79.74 % of women in the study group. Amongst all parameters studied, only higher parity and greater period of gestation had a positive correlation with neonatal birth weight. Haemoglobin levels or maternal age didn’t show a significant impact on the neonatal birth weight. Anaemic mothers didn’t have a higher incidence of low birth weight babies.Conclusion: The most significant contributor to improved neonatal weight is the gestational age of the foetus. All efforts to ensure better neonatal outcome must primarily concentrate on prevention of preterm births. Maternal haemoglobin levels do not directly impact the neonatal birth weight. However, as anaemia is a risk factor for preterm delivery, anaemia indirectly impacts on the neonatal birth weight and outcome.
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Background: The health of childbearing women and infants is a major area of concern, which needs special attention. The pregnancy outcome depends on the maternal characteristics which include the utilization of Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) services during pregnancy period. In view of the above, an attempt has been made to study the maternal characteristics and its impact on perinatal outcomes among rural women in India. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to find the incidence of delivering low birth weight (LBW) infants and to examine the association between delivering LBW infants and maternal characteristics. Materials and Methods: A community-based longitudinal study was conducted in Bahour Commune Panchayat of Puducherry, for 1 year and 3 months from January 1, 2012, to March 31, 2013. A total of 258 pregnant women registered in the Anganwadi centres serving Bahour Commune Panchayat from 1st January 2012 to 31st May 2012, and they were selected by universal sampling method, of those 244 pregnant women were responded. They interviewed with the help of questionnaire and followed until delivery. Results: The incidence of delivering LBW infants was 8.6%. Maternal characteristics including utilization of RCH services such as maternal body mass index (BMI), weight gain during pregnancy, maternal hemoglobin, and blood pressure level, history of previous abortion status, and intake of iron and folic acid tablets during pregnancy were significantly associated with the birth weight of the infants by univariate analysis. Some of the above factors such as religion, blood pressure level, and maternal BMI were found to be significantly associated with multivariate analysis also. Conclusions: Overall, integrated approach is needed to improve the health care and utilization of RCH services during pregnancy to reach the better outcomes.
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Abstract Objective: The population-based cancer registries (PBCR) and the Information System on Live Births in Brazil (Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos [SINASC]) have information that enables the test for risk factors associated with leukemia at an early age. The aim of this study was to identify maternal and birth characteristics associated with early-age acute leukemia (EAL) in Brazil. Methods: A case-cohort study was performed using secondary dataset information of PBCR and SINASC. The risk association variables were grouped into (i) characteristics of the child at birth and (ii) characteristics of maternal exposure during pregnancy. The case-control ratio was 1:4. Linkage was performed using R software; odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by logistic regression models. Results: EAL was associated with maternal occupational exposure to chemicals (agricultural, chemical, and petrochemical industry; adjOR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.16-4.10) and with birth defects (adjOR: 3.62, 95% CI: 1.19-11.00). Conclusions: The results of this study, with the identification of EAL risk factors in population-based case-cohort study, strengthen the knowledge and improve databases, contributing to investigations on risk factors associated with childhood leukemia worldwide.
Resumo Objetivos: Os registros de câncer de base populacional (RCBP) e o Sistema Nacional de Nascidos Vivos (SINASC) possuem informações que possibilitam testar hipóteses sobre fatores de riscos associados às leucemias. O objetivo principal deste projeto é identificar quais as características ao nascimento das crianças que estariam associadas ao risco de desenvolver Leucemia Aguda (LA) na primeira infância. Métodos: Foram utilizadas informações de 12 RCBP e do Sistema de Informação de Nascidos Vivos das mesmas localidades. Foram elegíveis 272 casos e 1.088 controles no período de 1996 a 2010. As associações de riscos de LA foram agrupadas em, (i) características da criança ao nascer, e (ii) características de exposição materna durante a gestação da criança. A relação de casos e controles foi de 1:4. As análises para padronização, estruturação do banco de dados e análises estatísticas foram realizadas através dos aplicativos Excel, R-Studio e SPSS 21. Resultados: Houve associação entre anomalias congênitas (RC 3,62, IC95% 1,19-11,00) e exposição ocupacional materna a produtos químicos (OR 2,18, p 0,002) com o risco do desenvolvimento de LA. Conclusão: A utilização de banco de dados secundários populacionais para a identificação de fatores de risco para LA fortaleceu o intercâmbio de conhecimentos e melhoria das bases de dados, e contribuiu para investigações sobre as associações de riscos nas leucemias agudas em contexto mundial.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Leukemia/etiology , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Maternal Exposure/adverse effects , Brazil , Information Systems , Birth Certificates , Case-Control Studies , Risk Factors , Cohort StudiesABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the trend in caesarean section rate and puerpera characteristics in hospital,and provide valuable information for maternal and child health policy making and clinical practice.Methods A total of 12 041 women who delivered in the affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University from October 1,2010 to September 30,2016 were selected.Based on Robson classification system,changes in the rate of caesarean delivery as well as its relationship with two-child policy and infant sex ratio were analyzed.Results The overall caesarean section rate gradually decreased from 66.9％ to 44.2％ during the past six years.Respectively,the caesarean section rate in primiparae with singleton term babies decreased to 32.1％ and the rate in multiparas without uterine scar decreased to 14.2％,and the rate in premature delivery decreased to 22.9％,the differences were significant (P＜0.01).The proportion of vaginal delivery (R1,R3),multiparas with uterine scar (R5) and twins pregnancy (R8) increased,the differences were significant (P＜0.01).The annual overall newly-born sex ratio ranged from 110:100 to 128:100.In group R1,more babies were girls,the proportion was stable,more women with premature delivery and multiparas had boy babies,but the boy babies by multiparas without uterine scar obviously decreased in the last 2 years.Conclusions Primiparae with singleton head birth,multipara without uterine scar and women with premature deliveries are the key population in the effort of reduction of caesarean section rate.The caesarean section rate and proportion were unstable in multiparas with uterine scar,breech deliveries and twin deliveries.The application of Robson classification system can improve the comparability of the surveillance data.
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Objective To analyze the trend in caesarean section rate and puerpera characteristics in hospital,and provide valuable information for maternal and child health policy making and clinical practice.Methods A total of 12 041 women who delivered in the affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University from October 1,2010 to September 30,2016 were selected.Based on Robson classification system,changes in the rate of caesarean delivery as well as its relationship with two-child policy and infant sex ratio were analyzed.Results The overall caesarean section rate gradually decreased from 66.9％ to 44.2％ during the past six years.Respectively,the caesarean section rate in primiparae with singleton term babies decreased to 32.1％ and the rate in multiparas without uterine scar decreased to 14.2％,and the rate in premature delivery decreased to 22.9％,the differences were significant (P＜0.01).The proportion of vaginal delivery (R1,R3),multiparas with uterine scar (R5) and twins pregnancy (R8) increased,the differences were significant (P＜0.01).The annual overall newly-born sex ratio ranged from 110:100 to 128:100.In group R1,more babies were girls,the proportion was stable,more women with premature delivery and multiparas had boy babies,but the boy babies by multiparas without uterine scar obviously decreased in the last 2 years.Conclusions Primiparae with singleton head birth,multipara without uterine scar and women with premature deliveries are the key population in the effort of reduction of caesarean section rate.The caesarean section rate and proportion were unstable in multiparas with uterine scar,breech deliveries and twin deliveries.The application of Robson classification system can improve the comparability of the surveillance data.
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This study was aimed to observe the correlations among egg, larvae and maternal characteristics of Persian sturgeon. A total of 41 females were used and the variables including fertilization rate, incubation survival rate, larvae survival rate during yolk sac absorption (before feeding), and larvae survival rate after first feeding were determined. As a result, fertilization rate was positively correlated with three variables: incubation survival, larvae survival during yolk sac absorption, and GSI (gonadosomatic index). Also, maternal size (age, weight, total length) did not show a significant relation (P > 0.05) with incubation survival, larvae survival during yolk sac absorption and larvae survival at first feeding stage.
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OBJECTIVE: To compare maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes in a group of women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) diagnosed in our hospital with those of women without this disorder. MATERIALS AND METHOD: This is a retrospective study of 402 gestational diabetic women with singleton cephalic presenting pregnancies delivered at Ilsin Christian Hospital during the period January 1, 1997, through December 31, 1999. National Diabetes Data Group thresholds were used to diagnose gestational diabetes. Women in this group were compared with a nondiabetic control group(n=430) randomly selected and effects of confounding variables were analyzed using stratified analysis. RESULTS: Prevalence of GDM was 2.36%. Women with gestational diabetes were significantly older, heavier, of greater parity and more often had the following risk factors for GDM. Hypertension, cesarean delivery, macrosomia, and large for gestational age(LGA) rate were significantly increased. The adequate treatment group diagnosed before 32wks and received glucose control was compared with a inadequate treatment group. And there was no significant difference in maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes between the two groups. Within the adequate treatment group, three groups were subdivided by birth weight as SGA(small for gestational age), AGA(appropriate for gestational age) and LGA. The group with LGA had no difference in age, parity, pregnancy-induced hypertension, 2hr mean postprandial glucose level except body mass index and insulin treatment rate. After adjusting these two factors with stratified analysis, there was no general association between birth weight and glucose level(p=0.342). CONCLUSIONS: Maternal characteristics of gestational diabetes were significantly different compared with those of nondiabetic women. Pregnancy outcomes of gestational diabetic women were not improved by our conventional management and more intensified but acceptable and compliable treatment should be tried.