Association of Congenital Anomalies in Newborns with Maternal and Fetal Factors in North Gujarat Region, India: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study

Background: Approximately 8 to 15% of perinatal deaths and 13 to 16% of neonatal deaths in India are a result of congenital anomalies. The objective of the research was to studyincidence of clinically detect-able congenital malformations in newborns delivered at secondary and tertiary hospitals and their asso-ciation with maternal and fetal factors. Material and methods: This study include all new-borns delivered at secondary and tertiary care hospi-tals in the Mehsana districts of Gujarat, India from January 1st, 2021 to December 31st, 2021. A total of 6900 consecutive births were examined for visible structural anomalies to determine the overall inci-dence and distribution of congenital malformations and their association with feto-maternal factors. Results: Total numbers of malformed babies were 90 with incidence of 1.30%. Incidence of malformed babies was 1.54% among mother in the age group of 21-35 years, 3.57% among mother with consan-guineous marriage, and 6.67.% among mothers with severe anemia. The incidence was 0.97% in babies <1500 birth weight, 0.97% among live births and 12.5% among preterm babies. Conclusion: Congenital anomalies in newborns are significantly associated with maternal factors like maternal age, consanguinity, previous child with malformation, history of previous abortion and severe anemia and fetal factors such as stillbirth, premature babies, and low birth weight.

A Study of Low Birth Weight and Associated Maternal Factors in A Rural Field Practice Area of a Medical College at Ahmedabad City of Gujarat

Introduction: In developed countries, about 50% of all Low-Birth-Weight new born are preterm. Low birth weight is also a leading cause of neonatal death and major risk factor for infant and under-five morbidity and mortality. Objectives: To find out prevalence of low birth weight& to determine the association of socio-demographic variables, maternal medical and obstetric risk factors with low birth weight. Methodology: Across sectional community-based study was conducted in a rural field practice area of a medical college. A total of 600 participants (mothers who delivered within 3 months) were included in the study. Results: The prevalence of LBW was found to be 17% in the current study. Statistically significant asso-ciation was obtained between age, education, occupation, socio-economic class of participants and birth weight of the child. The prevalence of LBW was found to be significantly high (51.7%) amongst children of those participants who consumed/used tobacco in any form. Conclusion: The prevalence of the LBW was found to be 17%. Extremes of reproductive age group, illit-eracy, occupation of labourer, SEC class IV, grand-multiparity, inadequate IFA consumption, short stat-ure, weight of mother and use of tobacco were found to be significantly affecting the birth weight and as-sociated with low birth weight.

Parental feeding style of mothers in the province of Ilocos Sur

@#The increasing trend of childhood obesity is becoming an imminent concern in both developed and developing countries. Besides genetic predisposition, environmental and social factors are contributory factors to this global epidemic. These factors include maternal feeding practices and style. This study determined mothers' parental feeding styles in the province of Ilocos Sur and the factors that predict them. Also, the study ascertained if parental feeding styles are related to the child's Body Mass Index (BMI). This study used the descriptive-correlational research method and included 156 mothers with children aged 2-3. Respondents were chosen purposively. The Parental Feeding Style Questionnaire developed by Wardle et al. (2002) was used to gather the needed data. For data analysis, the frequency and percentage, mean, multiple regression, and Pearson product-moment of correlation were used. This study concluded that mothers vary in their characteristics and so on their feeding styles. Based on study results, they have high levels of encouragement and emotional feeding and average levels of instrumental feeding and control over feeding. However, encouragement feeding is the dominant feeding style among respondents among the four feeding styles. Various maternal traits have been found to predict a specific parental feeding style except for the control over feeding subscale. Additionally, only encouragement feeding was found to have an indirect correlation with a child's BMI.

Relationship between maternal characteristics and stunting in children aged 0 to 23 months in the Philippines

@#Introduction: Stunting is the most prevalent form of child malnutrition worldwide, and is the best overall indicator of growth. This study aimed to determine the relationship between maternal characteristics and nutritional status of children aged 0-23 months based on their length/height-for-age. Method: The study used data from the 2015 Updating Survey conducted by the Philippines’ Food and Nutrition Research Institute – Department of Science and Technology. It employed a stratified multi-stage sampling technique covering all regions in the Philippines. Mothers (n=5,254) of sampled children 0-23 months were the respondents of the Maternal Health and Nutrition survey. The length-for-age z-scores (LAZ) of children and maternal characteristics were analysed. Rao-Scott Chi-square test was used for association analysis. Logistic regression was performed for model fitting. Results: A quarter (25.2%) of children aged 0-23 months in the Philippines at the time of the survey were stunted, with the highest prevalence (36.2%) observed among 12-23 months. Children being stunted or normal in height was associated with prenatal services, maternal nutritional status, education, and duration of lactation. Maternal education (OR: 0.39; p=0.012), age-appropriate breastfeeding (OR: 0.63; p=0.042), and prenatal services like tetanus toxoid vaccination (OR: 0.67; p=0.011) and ultrasound (OR: 0.71; p=0.025) lowered the likelihood of a child being stunted. Conclusion: It is recommended to strengthen and intensify service delivery among pregnant and lactating women because of the implication of maternal factors to the length-for-age status of children 0-23 months.

Clinical Study of the Incidence of Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes and Maternal and Fetal Outcome

Preterm premature rupture of membranes is one of the important causes of premature birth that can result in high perinatal morbidity and mortality along with maternal morbidity. The definition of premature rupture of membranes is rupture of membranes before labour and before 37 weeks of gestation is referred as Preterm PROM. If the membrane rupture is after 37 weeks of gestation, it is Term PROM. The incidence of PPROM ranges from 3 - 10 % of all deliveries and it contributes to 30 - 40 % of all preterm births. METHODSA prospective observational study of clinical analysis of the PPROM in 100 cases of 28 - 37 weeks of gestation which were delivered by caesarean section was conducted from 2018 October to 2019 September in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Chalmeda Anand Rao Institute of Medical Sciences, Bommakal, Karimnagar. RESULTSPrevalence of PPROM in the study is 7.8 %. Intra amniotic infection was seen in 32 %. The mean latency period from rupture of membranes to delivery is 3.78 + 2.74 days. 25 % neonates were delivered by caesarean section. There was a total of 12 % perinatal deaths, still births - 4 %, 10 % - early neonatal deaths. CONCLUSIONSIn the current study, the prevalence of PPROM was 7.8 %. Careful antenatal monitoring, detection and prompt treatment of infection is necessary. Strict septic precautions, appropriate therapy, regular antenatal follow up are important factors in the prevention of PPROM. Close antenatal monitoring, identification of risk factors like cervicovaginal infection and their management play an important role in the prevention of PPROM.

Detection of fetal malnutrition and its associated maternal factors in a rural setting

Background: The objectives of study were to analyse and compare the methods for detection of fetal malnutrition and to study the maternal factors associated with fetal malnutrition in babies born in rural hospitals.Methods: Periodic prospective cross-sectional case-control questionnaire-based study. Nursing home and Hospital based in rural population from January 2017-March 2018. There were 350 term newborns born in Shrinivasa Nursing Home, and Crawford General Hospital, Sakleshpur, were selected consecutively. Inclusion criteria: live, singleton term neonates. Exclusion criteria: Preterms, post-terms, those with congenital malformation, multiple gestations, cephalhematoma, subgaleal bleed. Anthropometry, fetal malnutrition assessed using clinical assessment of nutrition (CAN) score, Ponderal and Kanawati indices between 24–48 hours of birth. Newborns with fetal malnutrition (cases), and well-nourished babies (controls) assessed for maternal risk factors using standardised questionnaire from mothers.Results: CAN score identified 185 (52.9%) as malnourished and 165 (47.1%) as normal; Ponderal index classified 170(48.6%) as malnourished and 180 (51.4%) normal. Kanawati index grouped 151 (43.1%) as malnourished. Maternal factors:  age (91.7% among <20 yr mothers-malnourished, 25% among >35 yrs), socioeconomic status (status 3, 4 had 57.2%, 66.7% malnourishment), improper antenatal care(80.7% irregulars; 38.5% among regulars), primiparity (60%;against  38.3% among multipara), pre-eclampsia (78.7%; 41.3% in normotensives), anemia (55.4%), weight gain (83.2% in <10 kg; 33.33% in >10 kg), stature (73.5% in <145 cm; 39.7% in >145 cm), medical illness (55.81%).Conclusions: CAN score is simple, systematic, clinical method of identifying malnutrition; statistically superior as screening tool. Maternal factors: improper antenatal checkups, primiparity, pre-eclampsia, medical illness, inadequate weight gain, short stature had significant association with fetal malnutrition. Maternal age, socioeconomic status, anemia not statistically significant.

Factores maternos asociados a prácticas alimentarias con lactancia materna exclusiva / Maternal factors associated with feeding practices with exclusive breastfeeding / Fatores maternos associados às práticas alimentares com aleitamento materno exclusivo

RESUMEN El abandono precoz de lactancia materna es una problemática de interés mundial. Con el objetivo de determinar la asociación entre factores maternos y duración de la lactancia materna exclusiva (LME) se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico, de cohorte, en niños de seis meses de edad y sus madres, que habitan en el área del policlínico Jimmy Hirzel, municipio Bayamo, provincia Granma, durante el periodo enero-diciembre del 2018. Integraron la muestra 140 niños y sus madres, seleccionados por criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se exploraron variables maternas: edad, escolaridad, ocupación, paridad, procedencia, conocimientos sobre lactancia materna y prácticas alimentarias con lactancia materna exclusiva. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos, empíricos y estadísticos. Como resultados relevantes, al caracterizar la muestra destacaron las madres de 20 a 34 años de edad (75,7%), nivel de escolaridad preuniversitario (37,1 %), trabajadoras (40,7%), con un solo hijo (66,4%), de procedencia rural (70,7%), con conocimientos adecuados sobre lactancia materna (63,6%). El 65 % ofreció a sus hijos LME por seis meses, la causa principal del abandono del amamantamiento exclusivo fue la hipogalactia materna (59%). Los factores maternos que se asociaron al abandono de la práctica antes de los seis meses fueron: edad (madres adolescentes o añosas 0,0165), menor nivel de escolaridad (0,0373), primiparidad (p= 0,009) y bajo nivel de conocimiento sobre lactancia materna (0,0001).

ABSTRACT The early abandonment of breastfeeding is a problem of global interest. In order to determine the association between maternal factors and duration of exclusive breastfeeding (SCI), an observational, analytical, cohort study was conducted in six-month-old children and their mothers, who live in the Jimmy Hirzel polyclinic area, Bayamo municipality, Granma province, during the period January-December 2018. The sample comprised 140 children and their mothers, selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria. Maternal variables were explored: age, schooling, occupation, parity, origin, knowledge about breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding feeding practices. Theoretical, empirical and statistical methods were used. As relevant results, when characterizing the sample, mothers from 20 to 34 years old (75.7%), pre-university level of education (37.1%), workers (40.7%) stood out. , with a single child (66.4%), of rural origin (70.7%), with adequate knowledge of breastfeeding (63.6%). 65% offered their children SCI for six months, the main cause of abandoning exclusive breastfeeding was maternal hypogalactia (59%). The maternal factors that were associated with abandoning the practice before six months were: age (adolescent or elderly mothers 0.0165), lower level of education (0.0373), primiparity (p = 0.009) and low level of knowledge about breastfeeding maternal (0.0001).

RESUMO O abandono precoce da amamentação é um problema de interesse global. Para determinar a associação entre fatores maternos e duração do aleitamento materno exclusivo (LM), foi realizado um estudo observacional, analítico e de coorte em crianças de seis meses e suas mães, residentes na área policlínica de Jimmy Hirzel. , Município de Bayamo, província de Granma, no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2018. A amostra foi composta por 140 crianças e suas mães, selecionadas por critérios de inclusão e exclusão. As variáveis ​​maternas foram exploradas: idade, escolaridade, ocupação, paridade, procedência, conhecimento sobre aleitamento materno e práticas de aleitamento materno exclusivo. Foram utilizados métodos teóricos, empíricos e estatísticos. Como resultados relevantes, ao caracterizar a amostra, destacaram-se mães entre 20 e 34 anos (75,7%), nível de ensino pré-universitário (37,1%), trabalhadoras (40,7%). , com um filho solteiro (66,4%), de origem rural (70,7%), com conhecimento adequado sobre aleitamento materno (63,6%). 65% ofereceram SCI aos filhos por seis meses, a principal causa do abandono do aleitamento materno exclusivo foi a hipogalactia materna (59%). Os fatores maternos associados ao abandono da prática antes dos seis meses foram: idade (mães adolescentes ou idosas 0,0165), menor escolaridade (0,0373), primiparidade (p = 0,009) e baixo nível de conhecimento sobre aleitamento materno materna (0,0001).

Maternal Factors and Stunting among Children Age 0-24 Months in Banten Province Indonesia

@#Introduction: Pandeglang regency in Banten provinceis one of the top 100 counties noted for stunting issue. In 2018 stunting prevalence was recorded to be 8,303 children (38.5%). Indonesia was in the fifth rank in the world with stunting prevalence of 37.2%. This study aimed to determine the correlation between maternal factors and stunting in children aged 0-24 months in Koroncong Village. Methods: This study used cross sectional method and total sampling technique. Total samples in this study were mother with children aged 0-24 monthsin Koroncong Village, Koroncong Sub-County, Pandeglang County which passed inclusion and exclusion requirements as 63 respondents. Results: Data analyses showed stuntingamong 19 respondents (30%) in the population. The percentage of stunting was significant among mothers with >2 children and 5.8 times higher than mothers with <2 children. Conclusion: This finding shows that the percentage of stunting cases is high and requires more aggressive promotion and prevention

Preoperational nutritional status for the children with congenital heart disease and the influential factors / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To investigate the preoperational nutritional condition for the children with congenital heart disease,and to analyze the relevant factors.Methods:According to the standards of WHO,the Z-scores was used to assess the nutritional condition for the children,and the generational information questionnaire,State-Trait Anxiety Inventory,Self-Rating Depression Scale and Parent Understanding Questionnaire were used to analyze the maternal factors.Results:Stunting,underweighting and wasting represented the poor nutritional conditions,which accounted for 28.6％,25.3％ and 25.3％,respectively.Maternal accurate perception and the psychological problems such as anxiety and depression were the main relevant factors.Conclusion:The poor nutritional condition for the congenital heart disease was serious.It is very important to improve the maternal accurate perception and to relieve the maternal psychological problems for changing the nutritional condition through appropriate health education and effective intervention.

Efectividad de intervención educativa en conocimientos de embarazadas sobre factores de riesgo maternos de bajo peso al nacer / Effectiveness of educational intervention in knowledge of pregnant women on maternal risk factors of under weight to be born

Introducción: el bajo peso al nacer guarda relación con la morbilidad, mortalidad y bienestar del binomio madre-hijo, el desconocimiento sobre sus factores de riesgo requiere de intervenciones educativas en las gestantes. Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de intervención educativa en el nivel de conocimientos de embarazadas sobre factores de riesgo maternos de bajo peso al nacer. Métodos: estudio de intervención educativa con diseño preexperimental, con pre y post-test en gestantes del Policlínico Felipe Poey Aloy en Nueva Paz, Mayabeque, de abril 2013 hasta junio 2014. Universo de 32 gestantes con tiempo gestacional inferior a 26 semanas y factores maternos asociados, se aplicó un cuestionario inicial, se implementó la intervención y se evaluó su efectividad. Se utilizaron distribución de frecuencia absoluta y valor porcentual, la comparación de proporciones se realizó mediante medida de resumen para variables cualitativas. Se calculó la razón de las variables dependientes explicada por las diferencias entre los grupos. Resultados: el nivel de conocimientos sobre la edad óptima para el embarazo, el peso adecuado y la alimentación apropiada antes de la intervención eran insuficientes en 68,75 por ciento, 84,37 por ciento y 53,12 por ciento respectivamente, después de la intervención se elevó en 100 por ciento, 87,50 por ciento y 84,37 por ciento. Los conocimientos sobre las enfermedades maternas asociadas y los suplementos vitamínicos que se deben ingerir eran deficitarios en 59,37 por ciento y 62,50 por ciento elevándose en 68,75 por ciento y 90,62 por ciento en cada caso. Conclusiones: la intervención educativa fue efectiva en la modificación del nivel de conocimientos sobre factores de riesgo maternos de bajo peso al nacer de las embarazadas estudiadas(AU)

Introduction: Low birth weight is related to morbidity, mortality and welfare of mothers and children, the lack of knowledge about their risk factors requires educational interventions in pregnant women. Objective: evaluating the effectiveness of educational intervention in the level of knowledge of pregnant women on maternal risk factors of underweight when being born. Methods: study of educational intervention with pre experimental pre-test post-test in pregnant Polyclinic Felipe Poey Aloy" in Nueva Paz, Mayabeque, from April 2013 to June 2014. Universe less than 32 pregnant women with gestational time design with and 26 weeks and associated maternal factors, an initial questionnaire was applied, the intervention was implemented and its effectiveness was evaluated. Distribution of absolute frequency and percentage value was used; the comparison of proportions was performed using summary measure for qualitative variables. The reason for the dependent variables explained by differences between groups was calculated. Results: the level of knowledge on the optimal age for pregnancy, the adequate weight and the nutrition adapted before intervention were insufficient in 68.75 percent, 84.37 percent and 53.12 percent respectively, after intervention rose in 100 percent, 87.50 percent and 84.37 percent. The knowledge on the maternal correlated diseases and the vitamin supplements that should be taken in were showing a deficit in 59.37 percent and 62.50 percent rising in 68.75 percent and 90.62 percent in each case. Conclusions: the educational intervention was effective in the modification of the level of knowledge on maternal risk factors of underweight to be born of the studi ed pregnant women(AU)

A 2-year follow-up investigation of social anxiety and its maternal influencing factors of peasant-worker's children in Harbin / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To determine the development characteristics of social anxiety of peasant-worker's children in Harbin,and explore the effect of gender,parents quarrel,parents divorced and maternal factors on social anxiety.The study provided a scientific basis for the intervention of social anxiety.Methods The children in grade 1-5 from 3 schools in Harbin were collected by random cluster sampling in 2012.Then the same questionnaire was used to track the peasant-worker's children in 2014.The questionnaire included general information,Social Anxiety Scale for Children (SASC),Egna Minnen av Bardndosna Uppforstran (EMBU),Acceptance Subscale and Psychological Control Scale.Results (1) The detection rates of social anxiety of peasant-worker's children in 2012 and 2014 were respectively 29.3％,30.2％,and the detection rates had no significant difference (x2=0.111,P=0.790).But there was significantly difference between the two years(2012:6.90±4.26;2014:5.88±4.20;t=3.419,P=0.001).Children of newly occurring social anxiety in high grade was fewer and the ability to symptom relief was better.There was no significant difference between boys and girls on newly occurring and symptom relief(newly occurring:x2=0.018,P=0.910;symptom relief:x2 =0.541,P=0.518).(2) In 2012,the differences of the detection rate of children's social anxiety on parents quarrel,parents divorced were not significant (parents quarrel:x2 =0.881,P=0.393;parents divorced:x2=0.246,P=0.658).In 2014,the detection rate of children's social anxiety on parents quarrel,parents divorced were significantly higher than children in normal families (parents quarrel:x2=11.758,P=0.001;parents divorced:x2 =9.907,P=0.004).The detection rate of children's social anxiety of divorced parents increased with age(x2 =4.398,P=0.041).(3) In 2012 and 2014,children' s social anxiety had positive correlation with mother excessive interference and over-protective,mother refusing and denying,mother punishment,and had negative correlation with mother acceptance (P＜ 0.05).In 2014,it had positive correlation with mother control and negative correlation with mother emotional warmth understanding (P＜0.05).(4) In 2012,the regression coefficient of mother refusing and denying was 0.186.In 2014,the regression coefficient of mother acceptance and control were-0.266,0.169.Conclusion Social anxiety can be spontaneous remission,and the ability was better in high grade.Parents quarrel,parents divorced and maternal factors can affect the development of peasant-worker's children' s social anxiety,which should be concerned.

Does Maternal Factors Have A Bearing On The Health Of Their Offsprings.

Abstracts: Background: The development of the child is dependent on the mother and if the health of the mother suffers, the child's growth and development are in turn affected. The mother is also the first teacher of the child, and that is why the mother and child are treated as one unit. A mother is the principal provider of the primary care that her child needs during the first six years of his/her life. The type of care she provides depends to a large extent on her knowledge and understanding of some aspects of basic nutrition and health care. This begins at conception and continues until infancy, teenage and adulthood. Therefore, mothers are key players in the growth and development of children. Methodology: The study was carried out in the villages under RHTC, field practice area of Department of Community Medicine, Dehradun. A sample of 500 mothers with children in the age group of 0-36 months living in the registered population of RHTC were included, where mother's demographic profile, parity, diet during pregnancy were recorded. Results: Maternal factors as maternal age, education, parity diet & supplementary nutrition during pregnancy, emerged as significant predictors of under nutrition. Conclusion: The findings confirms the association of maternal factors with malnutrition of their children. This may involve public health enlightenment campaign discouraging teenage pregnancy and high parity of mothers which predisposes to poor nutritional status, poor diet during pregnancy which further increase the risk of poor outcomes both for the mother and the child. There is also need to increase female education as this will make them receptive to health interventions that will improve their nutritional status along with their children.

The Impact of Maternal Factors on Neonatal Mortality among Low Birth Weight in Aceh Province, Indonesia

The health of newborns is inextricably linked to that of their mothers. Some maternal factors can influence neonatal survival, particularly for low birth weight babies who are more vulnerable to diseases than normal weight babies. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of maternal factors on neonatal mortality among low birth weight babies in Aceh Province, Indonesia. Study design was unmatched case control. Data collected from 2010 to 2012 in 8 districts in Aceh province, Indonesia. Total sample was 500, divided into 250 LBW who died in neonatal period (case group) and 250 who did not die in neonatal period (control group). There were 6 maternal variables analysed. Three of six variables analysed were not associated with neonatal mortality among LBW (P > 0.05); these were: maternal death, parity and education level. The age of the mother had a significant association with neonatal mortality among LBW (P < 0.05), but was not a determinant factor. The maternal illness and birth interval were determinant factors of neonatal mortality among LBW(P < 0.05); maternal illness (Adj OR= 2.6; 95 % CI: 1.68 - 4.0) and birth interval (Adj OR= 1.8; 95 % CI: 1.20 - 2.91). Maternal illness and birth interval were determinant factors of neonatal mortality among LBW. Appropriate care throughout stages of pregnancy and increasing women’s knowledge on high risk pregnancy are the key factors to the decrease of the neonatal mortality related to the maternal factors.​

Caracterización de la enfermedad hipertensiva gestacional en pacientes de la Policlínica Máximo Gómez Báez / Gestational Hypertensive Disease Characterization in Patients of Máximo Gómez Báez Polyclinic

Introducción: los estados hipertensivos del embarazo son una de las complicaciones con mayor repercusión en la salud materna. Objetivo: caracterizar el comportamiento de la enfermedad hipertensiva gestacional en pacientes de la Policlínica Máximo Gómez Báez en Holguín durante el año 2009. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de serie de casos sobre el comportamiento de la enfermedad hipertensiva gestacional. El universo estuvo constituido por 35 gestantes que presentaron la enfermedad en el año objeto de estudio y la muestra por 28 embarazadas que recibieron atención prenatal en el área de salud referida. La información se obtuvo mediante la revisión de los registros estadísticos del Programa Materno Infantil y las historias clínicas obstétricas. Se interrogó además a las pacientes sobre los factores de riesgo asociados con la enfermedad hipertensiva del embarazo. Resultados: predominaron las edades de las gestantes de más de 36 años en un 46,42% y factores maternos asociados como: antecedentes patológicos personales de hipertensión arterial crónica en el 39,28% de los casos y la nuliparidad en el 42,85%. La enfermedad apareció con el 60,71% en el tercer trimestre de la gestación. El nivel de conocimiento de las gestantes estudiadas sobre la enfermedad se evaluó de regular en el 53,57% de las pacientes. Conclusiones: la enfermedad hipertensiva gestacional apareció con mayor frecuencia en el tercer trimestre del embarazo y en mujeres mayores de 36 años, donde la hipertensión arterial crónica y la nuliparidad constituyeron factores asociados con esta enfermedad.

Introduction: the pregnancy hypertensive states are complications of more repercussion in the maternal health. Objective: to characterize the behavior of gestational hypertensive disease in patients of Maximo Gomez Baez Polyclinic in Holguin. Methods: a case series study on the gestational hypertensive disease behavior it carried out. The universe comprised 35 pregnant women with the disease and the sample 28 of them, who received prenatal care in their health area. The statistical registrations of the Maternal Program and the obstetric clinical histories proportioned the necessary information. The patients were interviewed on the risk factors associated with gestational hypertensive disease. Results: pregnant women over 36 years prevailed (46. 42%) and associated maternal factors such as medical history of chronic hypertension in 39.28% of cases and nulliparity in 42.85 % of them. The illness appeared in the third trimester of the gestation in 60.71% of women. The women´s level of knowledge on the disease was medium in 53.57% of them. Conclusions: gestational hypertensive disease frequently appeared in the third trimester of pregnancy and in women over 36 years, where chronic hypertension and nulliparity.constituted factors associated with this disease.

Maternal Factors in Predicting Low Birth Weight Babies

This study examines the association between maternal factors and low birth weight among newborns at a tertiary hospital in Malaysia. This was a cross-sectional study where mothers were followed through from first booking till delivery. There were 666 mothers who delivered from May 2007 to March 2008. Infants’ birth weight were compared with maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, fathers BMI, parity, ethnicity, per capita monthly income, and maternal blood pressure during pregnancy. A multiple logistic regressions was used to determine the relationship of maternal factors and low birth weight, while the ROC curve was constructed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the predictive model. Among the significant risk factors of low birth weight were older age (35 years and above), low pre-pregnancy BMI (<20 kg/m2), parity of 4 and above, Indian origin, economically under privileged, and low and high blood pressure. Blood pressure during pregnancy was an important risk factor for LBW, by using this parameter alone the risk of LBW could be predicted with a sensitivity rate of 70% and a specificity rate of 70%. The sensitivity and specificity was further improved to 80% and 75% percent respectively when other factors like maternal factors such as maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, ethnicity, and per capita monthly income were included in the analysis.

Propuesta de acción para reducción de factores maternos en el bajo peso al nacer / Proposition to reduce maternal factors in low birth weight

Introducción: el bajo peso del recién nacido aumenta varias veces el riesgo de morbilidad neonatal e infantil, causa trastornos familiares y sobrecarga en los presupuestos de cuidados intensivos y neonatales especiales del país. Por ello, la atención a estos pequeños constituye un problema de salud pública. Objetivo: elaborar una propuesta de acción para la reducción de factores o causas maternas relacionadas con el bajo peso al nacer. Métodos: se realizó estudio prospectivo descriptivo para caracterizar el comportamiento del bajo peso al nacer y su relación con causas maternas predisponentes en 123 recién nacidos bajo peso que se compararon con igual número de neonatos con peso igual o superior a 2 500 g, durante los años 2001 al 2007, procedentes del área de salud "José Jacinto Milanés" de Matanzas. Entre las variables estudiadas se señala edad materna, valoración nutricional, ganancia de peso e intervalo intergenésico, antecedentes obstétricos, enfermedad materna asociada y hábito de fumar. Resultados: existió estrecha relación entre el bajo peso al nacer y la desnutrición materna, ganancia insuficiente de peso y embarazos muy próximos, en nulíparas, con abortos inducidos, trastornos hipertensivos y tabaquismo asociados. Conclusiones: se elaboró una propuesta de acción educativa y médica para proceder sobre los factores maternos relacionados con el bajo peso al nacer. Se recomienda continuar el estudio en otras áreas de salud, divulgación de los resultados y propuesta en eventos y generalizarlos a otras instituciones.

Introduction: low birth weight increases significantly the risk of neonatal and infant morbidity, causing family disruption and overhead budgets for neonatal intensive and special care in our country. Therefore, attention to the little ones constitutes a public health problem. Objective: to develop a proposal for action to reduce maternal factors or causes related to low birth weight. Methods: a prospective study was performed to characterize the behavior of low birth weight and its relationship to maternal causes predisposing lightweight in 123 infants, who were compared with an equal number of infants weighing less than 2 500 g, from 2001 to 2007, from the health area "Jose Jacinto Milanés" in Matanzas. The variables studied included maternal age, nutritional assessment, weight gain and birth intervals, obstetric history, maternal disease, and smoking habit. Results: there was close relationship between low birth weight and maternal malnutrition, poor weight gain and short time intervals between pregnancies, in nulliparous women with history of induced abortions, hypertensive disorders, and smoking. Conclusions: an educational and medical action plan was proposed to work on maternal factors associated with low birth weight. We recommend to further study other health areas, to communicate results, to present this proposal in events and to generalize it to other institutions.

A Cross Sectional Study of Maternal Factors Influencing Low Birthweight.

Birth weight is a powerful predictor of infant growth and survival. The infant mortality rate is also higher in low birth weight babies. Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the most serious health challenges in developing as well as developed countries. A retrospective study was done in a tertiary care hospital to estimate the incidence and study the associated maternal risk factors. The magnitude of the Low Birth Weight problem at Pravara Rural Hospital (tertiary care hospital ) Loni was 23.68%. In 41.6% of LBW babies, the maternal age was less than 20 years Most of the low birth weight babies were born to mothers with secondary level of educational status. Percentage of LBW among higher order pregnancies was 66.6%. Spacing less than 1 year was responsible for 46.2% of LBW babies. Majority of LBW cases was seen in mothers with gestational period being less than 37 weeks. Mothers with height less than 145cm contributed to 22.2% of LBW babies. The incidence of LBW among women weighing 41-50kg was 52.77%.

Maternal anthropometric measurements and other factors: relation with birth weight of neonates

The objective of this study was to examine the influence of anthropometric measurements of pregnant women, gestational weight gain, fundal height, and maternal factors, namely age, education, family income, parity along with maternal hemoglobin, on birth weight of neonates. A cross sectional study was performed in Khoy City in north west of Iran. Four hundred and fifty healthy pregnant women in the age between 16-40 years were selected for this study from seven health urban centers and one referral hospital. Findings showed that the mean age, height, fundal height, maternal weight, and gestational weight gain during pregnancy were 26.1 years, 159.1 cm, 32.9 cm, 72.0 kg, 11.8 kg respectively. The mean birth weight of neonates was 3.2 kg and 11% of neonates showed low birth weight. Age, family income, maternal height, weight, gestational weight gain and fundal height were significantly associated with birth weight of neonates. Using binary logistic regression analysis, fundal height, maternal hemoglobin, family income and gestational weight gain of pregnant women could be considered as predictive factors of birth weight of neonates.

Depresión neonatal en el neonato a término relacionada con factores maternos. Hospital Ginecoobstétrico de Guanabacoa, 2009 / Neonatal depression in the term neonate related to maternal factors. Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital of Guanabacoa, 2009

Introducción: En la actualidad se vienen atendiendo muy de cerca los factores maternos relacionados con las posibles complicaciones en el producto de la concepción, por su demostrada asociación a la morbilidad y mortalidad neonatales. Objetivo: Identificar algunos factores maternos asociados a la depresión al nacer. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal, en el Hospital Ginecoobstétrico de Guanabacoa de enero a diciembre de 2009. El universo estuvo constituido por 1 688 recién nacidos vivos en el período analizado, la muestra estuvo compuesta por 44 neonatos a término que desarrollaron depresión al nacer en igual período de tiempo y lugar. Las variables analizadas, relacionadas con la madre, fueron: edad, enfermedades concomitantes e infecciones asociadas. Se usó como medida de resumen descriptivo el número y el por ciento y los resultados se presentaron en tablas. Resultados: El mayor número de neonatos deprimidos correspondió a las madres de 20-34 años, la hipertensión arterial y el asma bronquial fueron las enfermedades más asociadas a la depresión neonatal, así como la sepsis vaginal. Conclusiones la enfermedades crónicas y la sepsis vaginal en las gestantes incrementaron la incidencia de depresión al nacer en los recién nacidos

Introduction: Nowadays, there is a close consideration of maternal factors related to potential complications in fetus due to its demonstrated association with neonatal morbidity and mortality. Objective: To identify some maternal factors associated with birth depression. Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective and descriptive study was conducted in patients from the Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital of Guanabacoa from January to December, 2009. Universe included 1 688 live birth infants during study period and sample included 44 term neonates who developed birth depression in the same period and place. Study variable related to mother were: age, concomitant diseases and associated infections. As a measure of descriptive summary we used the number, and percentage showed in tables. Results: The great number of depression neonates was in mother aged 20-34, high blood pressure and bronchial asthma were the more diseases associated to neonatal depression, as well as the vaginal sepsis. Conclusions: Chronic diseases and vaginal sepsis present in pregnants increased the incidence of birth depression in newborns

Analysis of Maternal and Neonatal Factors Affecting Hematopoietic Parameters of Cord Blood / 대한수혈학회지

BACKGROUND: Cord blood (CB) is a useful source of hematopoietic stem cells. In public CB banks, only CB units with good hematopoietic potential are processed and stored because the processing and storage of CB are cost-consuming and labor-intensive procedures. Presently, we sought to determine factors correlated with, and influential to, hematopoietic parameters of CB units donated from Korean neonates and their mothers. METHODS: A total of 1,696 CB units that were donated and processed from August 1 - December 31, 2007 were enrolled. Donated CB volume, total nucleated cells (TNC), total mononucleated cells (MNC), CD34+ cells after processing, and cell viability before and after processing were analyzed according to sex and delivery method. We also determined whether maternal age, neonatal factors (gestational age, birth weight, sex, delivery method), CB volume, and processing time were correlated with hematopoietic parameters of CB. RESULTS: CB of female neonates had significantly higher mean TNC and CB obtained from vaginal delivery had significantly higher mean TNC, MNC, and CD34+ cells. The counts of TNC, MNC, and CD34+ cells were significantly positively correlated with CB volume, gestational age, and birth weight. Counts of TNC, MNC, and CD34+ cells, and pre- and post-viability of CB were significantly negatively correlated with processing time. CONCLUSION: The present data provide a baseline for standard methods of collection, processing, and storage in cord blood banking.