Perinatal effects of maternal FT3/FT4 ratio on gestational transient thyrotoxicosis

ABSTRACT Objective: The effects of maternal thyroid hormone levels on the course of pregnancy and birth weight have attracted interest. The aim of the present study was to consider FT3 and FT3/FT4 ratio in the evaluation of the effects of maternal thyroid functions in gestational transient thyrotoxicosis (GTT). Materials and methods: This case-control study included 45 patients with GTT and 45 healthy pregnant women. Maternal history before pregnancy, thyroid function tests, thyroid autoantibodies, and thyroid ultrasonography results in 6th to 10th weeks of pregnancy were used in the differential diagnosis of GTT. In both groups, the effects of FT3, FT4 and FT3/FT4 ratios on gestational age and birth weight were evaluated. Results: There was no significant difference in the gestational age between the GTT and control groups (39,3±1,0 weeks and 39,2±1,2 weeks, respectively). Birth weights were similar in both groups (3205,2±4899 g and 3196,6±309,3 g, respectively). When maternal weight was adjusted, a positive correlation was observed between maternal FT3/FT4 ratio and birth weight (r=0,317, p=0,017). Additionally there was a positive correlation between the gestational age and the birth weight in the control group (ρ=0,726, p=0,001). Conclusion: GTT had no significant effect on the gestational age and the birth weight. On the other hand an increase in the maternal FT3/FT4 ratio had a positive effect on the birth weight in the patient with GTT. Maternal characteristics (age, weight, BMI) and FT3/FT4 ratio should be taken into consideration in future impact assessment studies on this issue.

Fetal birth weight, a challenge to the mother and simplest marker for fetal maturity: a study in new rural hospital setup

Background: The birth weight is an important factor which the obstetricians have to give due importance when contemplating elective induction of labor before 40 completed weeks. It is a single most important determinant for survival, growth and development of infant. It reflects the health status of the mother during adolescence and pregnancy and also the quality of antenatal care. It is well known that there is a co-relation between weight of the fetus and the length of the gestation and other various factors. This study looks into the various factors influencing the fetal birth weight and length of gestation and what is its relative importance to the viability of developmental chances of premature infants and also infants born at term. Objective was to study the effect of various maternal factors like maternal age, parity, maternal weight, gestational age on fetal birth weight.Methods: 176 participants with term pregnancies were studied under three independent variables viz gestational age, maternal age and maternal weight that had effect on the fetal birth weight in two groups - primipara and multipara and reported by statistical analysis.Results: The independent variables gestational age and maternal weight showed a statistically significant correlation (p <0.05) with fetal birth weight in both the groups. Whereas the variable maternal age didn’t have any statistically significant effect (p >0.05) on the fetal birth weight in the study.Conclusions: Primipara had more pronounced correlation with fetal birth weight than multipara in the variable gestational age. The maternal weight affected fetal birth weight equally in both the groups. And maternal age had no effect on fetal birth weight in either groups.

The relationship between pregnancy weight gain and birth weight of new born

Background: Maternal weight gain is one of the most important independent predictors of infant birth weight.  It is stated that under nutrition during pregnancy and low birth weight increase the risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Normal weight gain of pregnancy 11kg weight gain should be according to pre-pregnancy BMI.  Patients with BMI > 25 should gain weight of 7kg patient with normal BMI should gain 11kg weights.Methods: This is a hospital based prospective study and was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, RNT Medical college Udaipur from November 2018 to March 2019  to find association between maternal weight gain and birth weight. Exclusion criteria included congenital malformations, multiple pregnancy, polyhydraminos, preeclampsia, diabetes, cardiovascular, kidney disease, RH negative pregnancy. Results were calculated by percentage.Results: excessive weight gain during pregnancy increases baby weight. Out of total 100 cases, 88 (88%) cases are Hindus and 12 (12%) cases are Muslims. Out of total 100 cases 72 cases (72%) belong to urban, 28 (28%) belong to Rural area. Out of 100 patients 32 patients gain weight less than 11kg among which 16 newborn have weight less than 2.5kg, 68 patients have weight gain more than 11kg and 67 have baby weight more than 2.5kg.Conclusions: Excessive maternal weight gain during pregnancy increases birth weight. In view of the apparent association between high birth weight and adult adiposity, an advantageous time to initiate obesity prevention efforts may be during pregnancy.

Study of influencing factors of the maternal, infant and placenta weight / Монголын Анагаах Ухаан

Introduction @#In the last years other country scientists told about not only determine infant weights, need to interest correlation between maternal weight, height and infant weight. In our country few research articles posted about anthropometry of obstetrics and gynecology. Our study aim is determine maternal weight, infant weight, placenta weight and assess factors affecting roles on maternal story of “Amgalan” Maternity Hospital in 2014-2015.@*Goal@#The current study aimed at assessing maternal weight, infant weight, placenta weight and evaluating the effect of factors leading to it. @*Materials and Methods@#The data was already collected from “Amgalan” Maternity Hospital using maternal history and record and it was collected measuring general physical characteristics such as body weight and height, infant weight, placenta weight and body circumferences. We used retrospective method and collected statistical data was analyzed using SPSS 21.0 software. @*Results@#Of total 964 study participants aged 18-45. The average age of participants was 29.6 ± 5.8 years old and 49.7% (n=479) was working during pregnancy, 45.7% (n=441) hadn’t works, 4.6% (n=44) was student. The average weight of mothers was 75.4±11.5, weight of infants was 3439.5±456, weight of placenta was 685±129. The following factors affected maternal and infant weights: lower education, working, early and late pregnancy complication. Maternal weight had a low direct correlation with infant weight (r=0.267, p<0.01) and placenta weight (r=0.208, p<0.01). In our study maternal height had a low direct correlation with infant weight(r=0.173, p<0.01) and infant weight had a moderate direct correlation with placenta weight (r=0.376, p<0.01). @*Conclusions@#</br> 1. The average maternal weight was 75.4±11.5, infant weight was 3539.5±456, placenta weight was 685±129. </br> 2. The following factors affected maternal and infant weights: lower education, working status, early and late pregnancy complications. </br> 3. Maternal weight had a little direct correlation with infant weight (r=0.267, p<0.01) and placenta weight (r=0.208, p<0.01).

Ganancia de peso gestacional como factor de riesgo para desarrollar complicaciones obstétricas / Gestational weight gain as a risk factor for developing obstetric complications

La ganancia de peso gestacional es un fenómeno complejo influenciado no sólo por cambios fisiológicos y metabólicos maternos, sino también por el metabolismo placentario. Las mujeres que durante el embarazo tienen un índice de masa corporal (IMC) normal y una ganancia de peso adecuada, presentan una mejor evolución gestacional y del parto. Las mujeres con una ganancia de peso gestacional mayor a la recomendada presentan un incremento en el riesgo de tener hipertensión, diabetes mellitus, varices, coledocolitiasis, embarazos prolongados, retardo en el crecimiento intrauterino, mayor porcentaje de complicaciones al nacimiento, complicaciones trombóticas, anemia, infecciones urinarias y desórdenes en la lactancia. Por una parte, existe una relación entre el peso de la placenta y el volumen del líquido amniótico y, por la otra, el peso del recién nacido, probablemente también exista una relación con el tamaño del útero. Existen diferentes factores que dificultan que la ganancia de peso sea la adecuada, entre los que se encuentra una edad mayor o igual a 40 años. La ganancia excesiva de peso que se puede mantener, e incluso aumentar después del embarazo, dificulta que la mujer regrese a su peso ideal. En el primer trimestre, en la dieta (1,800 calorías) se debe incluir ingredientes saludables. En el segundo trimestre, el feto dobla su talla (a 2,500 calorías), al inicio del cuarto mes, hay que ir aumentando progresivamente las calorías hasta llegar a las 2,500 recomendadas por la OMS. Durante el tercer trimestre (2,750 calorías), en los últimos meses de gestación, se debe aportar a la dieta unas 2,750 calorías diarias y contener sólo unos 100 gramos de proteínas. La comprensión de los determinantes de la ganancia de peso durante el embarazo es esencial para el diseño de las intervenciones clínicas y de la salud de la madre y el bebé.

Gain of gestational weight is a complex phenomenon, not only influenced by maternal physiologic and metabolic changes, but also for the placental metabolism. The women that have a normal body weight index (BWI) and a gain of weight adapted during the gestation to the moment to be pregnancy present a better evolution in pregnancy and childbirth that those women with a gain of more weight to the one recommended. The women with a gain of gestational weight bigger than the increase the risk of having obstetric complications like hypertension, diabetes, coledocolitiasis, prolonged pregnancy, intra-uterine low growth, bigger percentage of complications to the birth, infections before and after the childbirth, thrombotic complications, anemia, bladder infections and disorder in the nursing. A relationship exists between the weight of the placenta and the volume the amniotic liquid, on one hand and the weight of the newly born one for other and that it probably exists also a relationship among the size of the uterus. Different types of complications exist when the gain of weight is not the appropriate one, among those that are the oldest age or similar to 40 years where a bigger risk of obstetric complications exists, this way the excessive gain of weight that can stay and even to increase after the pregnancy being therefore very difficult so that the woman to return to its ideal weight. In the first trimester (1,800 calories) should begin to include healthy ingredients. Second trimester, the fetus bends its size, to the beginning of the fourth month it is necessary to go increasing the calories intake progressively until arriving at the 2,500. Third trimester recommends an intake of 2,750 calories and to contain about 100 grams of proteins. The understanding of the determinant of the gain of weight during the pregnancy is essential for the design of the clinical interventions and of the mother's health and the baby.

Nutrición en el embarazo y lactancia

El peso materno pregestacional, el índice de masa corporal y la ganancia de peso durante la gestación son factores que influyen en el peso del recién nacido y su peso y salud a largo plazo. Por ello el simposio sobre Nutrición en la gestante y lactante que se desarrolla en las páginas siguientes, cuyos artículos puedan orientar al profesional de la salud a educar sobre nutrición a la gestante y su entorno.

Pregestational maternal weight, body mass index and weight gain during pregnancy are factors that influence the newborns weight and his weight and health at long term. The following symposium on Nutrition during pregnancy and lactation may guide the health professional to counsel pregnant women and their families on appropriate nutrition for her and her children.

Problem and correction of the application of foreign instrument with higher false-positive prenatal screening for neural tube defects / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To establish appropriate correction models of serum marker α -fetoprotein (AFP) multiple of the median (MOM) for prenatal screening on patients with neural tube defect (NTD) at the second trimester to replace the foreign data currendy used in Beijing with a higher sensitivity.Methods A sample of 5815 mid-gestation pregnant women with normal pregnancy outcome were selected including 5557 cases of age ＜ 35 years and 258 cases of age ≥35 years.The regression relationship between AFP median and gestational age was builded by exponential model and the regression relationship between MOM and weight was builded by power model in age ＜ 35 years.The regression relationship between AFP median and gestational age was builded by S model and the regression relation ship between MOM and weight was builded by quadratic model in age ≥35 years.The normal reference values in two age sections were estimated approximately by percentiles method.Results Corrected AFP MOM values with mean value (age ＜ 35 years:1.001; age ≥35 years:1.113) and median value (age ＜ 35 years:0.934;age ≥35 years:0.990) obtained by regression analysis were more close to 1.00 than the data from the software[mean value(age ＜ 35 years:1.164; age ≥35 years:1.254) and median value (age ＜35 years:1.093; age ≥35 years:1.149)].There were significant differences (age ＜35 years:t =65.120,P =0.000;age ≥35 years:t =9.812,P =0.000).Conclusion Correction model for maternal serum marker is more applicable for Beijing population at the second-trimester prenatal screening.

Maternal anthropometric measurements and other factors: relation with birth weight of neonates

The objective of this study was to examine the influence of anthropometric measurements of pregnant women, gestational weight gain, fundal height, and maternal factors, namely age, education, family income, parity along with maternal hemoglobin, on birth weight of neonates. A cross sectional study was performed in Khoy City in north west of Iran. Four hundred and fifty healthy pregnant women in the age between 16-40 years were selected for this study from seven health urban centers and one referral hospital. Findings showed that the mean age, height, fundal height, maternal weight, and gestational weight gain during pregnancy were 26.1 years, 159.1 cm, 32.9 cm, 72.0 kg, 11.8 kg respectively. The mean birth weight of neonates was 3.2 kg and 11% of neonates showed low birth weight. Age, family income, maternal height, weight, gestational weight gain and fundal height were significantly associated with birth weight of neonates. Using binary logistic regression analysis, fundal height, maternal hemoglobin, family income and gestational weight gain of pregnant women could be considered as predictive factors of birth weight of neonates.

Pattern of pregnancy weight gain in homozygous sickle cell disease and effect on birth size / Patrones de ganancia de peso gestacional y tamaño al nacer en los casos de anemia de células falciformes

OBJECTIVES: To assess pregnancy weight gain and newborn anthropometry in mothers with homozygous sickle cell (SS) disease and normal controls. METHODS: An eleven-year retrospective review at the University Hospital of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica, revealed 128 singleton deliveries in women with SS disease who were matched by maternal age and birth date with 128 controls with a normal AA phenotype. Restriction to those commencing antenatal care before 16 weeks gestation resulted in the final study group of 80 SS patients and 115 AA controls. Weight and height were measured at first antenatal visit and weight at 20, 25, 30, 35 and 38 weeks gestation. Longitudinal regression used mothers'weight as the outcome, genotype as a predictor and gestational age as a random effect. Regression analyses ofmaternal weight on childhood anthropometry were repeated in separate maternal genotypes. Neonatal indices included gestational age, birthweight, head circumference and crown-heel length. RESULTS: Mothers with SS disease had lower weight and body mass index at first antenatal clinic visit (p < 0.001). Total weight gain was 6.9 kg for SS women and 10.4 kg for AA controls (p < 0.001) and weekly weight gain 0.263 kg (95% CI 0.224, 0.301) and 0.396 kg (95% CI 0.364, 0.427) respectively. A significant relationship occurred between birthweight and maternal weight gain at 25-30 weeks gestation in AA controls but this relationship appears delayed in SS disease. CONCLUSION: Different patterns of maternal weight gain in SS mothers and normal controls may have significance for the lower birthweight in SS mothers.

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la ganancia de peso gestacional y la antropometría neonatal en madres con anemia de células falciformes (CF) homocigóticas y en controles normales. MÉTODO: Un examen retrospectivo de once años en el Hospital Universitario de West Indies West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica, reveló la ocurrencia de 128 partos únicos (e.d. de un solo bebé) en mujeres con la enfermedad de CF, que fueron comparadas sobre la base de la edad materna y la fecha de nacimiento, con 128 controles de fenotipo AA normal. A partir de restricciones a las gestantes que comenzaron el cuidado prenatal antes de las 16 semanas de gestación, se llegó finalmente al grupo de estudio de 80 pacientes con CF y 115 controles con AA. El peso y la altura se midieron en la primera visita prenatal, y el peso a las 20, 25, 30, 35 y 38 semanas de gestación. La regresión longitudinal usó el peso de las madres como resultado, el genotipo como predictor, y la edad gestacional como efecto aleatorio. Los análisis de la regresión de peso materno sobre la antropometría fueron repetidos en genotipos maternos separados. Los índices neonatales incluyeron la edad gestacional, el peso al nacer y la circunferencia cefálica. RESULTADOS: Las madres con la enfermedad de CF tenían más bajo peso e índice de masa corporal en la primera visita clínica prenatal (p < 0.001). La ganancia de peso total fue 6.9 kg para las mujeres con CF y 10.4 kg para los controles AA (p < 0.001) y la ganancia de peso semanal 0.263 kg (95% CI 0.224-0.301) y 0.396 kg (95% CI 0.364-0.427) respectivamente. Una relación significativa tuvo lugar entre el peso al nacer y la ganancia de peso materna en las semanas 25-30 de gestación en los controles AA, pero esta relación parece demorada en la enfermedad de CF. CONCLUSION: Los patrones diferentes de ganancia de peso materno en las madres con CF y los controles normales, pueden tener importancia significativa para las madres con CF.

Analysis on the risk factors of maternal weight for fetal macrosomia / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between maternal weight gain and the increasing speed of weight in different pregnant terms and macrosomia.In order to reasonably manage pregnancy and decrease the morbidity of maerosomia.Methods 106 newborns whose birth weights were equal to or greater than 4000 g were specified as macrosomia,while 106 newborn with birth weights lying in 2500-3999 g were under the control group.A case-control study was conducted to compare the corresponding factors such as maternal BMI.weight before pregnancy and the change of weight during pregnancy respectively.Results Indicated by both simple and multiple unconditional logistic regression analysis,the cause of fetal macrosomia Was mainly associated with the factors including the maternal weight before pregnancy(OR=2.204,95％CI:1.377-3.529),matemal weight gain in 12-pregnant weeks(kgper week)(OR=1.961,95％CI:1.204-3.194),maternal weight gain in 20-gestation weeks(kg perweek)(OR=1.811,95％CI:1.078-3.041),maternal weight gain in 30-pregnant weeks(kg per week)(OR=1.858,95％CJ:1.095-3.153)and virile newborn(OR=2.630,95％CJ:1.420.4.850.When in 30-pregnant weeks.the pregnant women with 0.5-1.0 kg weight gain per week had 1.13 fold risks comparing to those whose weight gains were lexq than 0.5 kg per week.Conclusion Maternal weight before pregnancy,weight gain during pregnancy and fetal sex appeared a closer relation to macrosomia.It is necessary to monitor the change of maternal weight during different pregnancy periods,especially for the 30th-pregnant weeks.

Risk Factors Affecting the Health of Pregnant Women and Fetus / 대한지역사회영양학회지

The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of desirable pregnancy outcomes. The subjects were 795 pregnant women participating in the 2007 Mom and Baby Expo. They were grouped by gestational age: group I (3-12 wk: n = 95), group II (13-25 wks: n = 263) and group III (26-42 wks: n = 437). We collected data for general characteristics, sociocultural factors, life styles and nutrient intakes. We also collected pregnancy outcome data of 634 pregnant women including birth weight, maternal weight gain and gestational age. Dietary intakes of the subjects were estimated by Food Frequency Questionnaire. folate, iron and calcium intakes from foods of pregnant women were 88%, 79% and 58% of KDRIs, respectively. Bivariate analysis showed that birth weight was significantly associated with pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal weight gain, maternal age, gestational age and intakes of iron, potassium, vitaminB1, B6, fatty acids, MUFA. And also, bivariate analysis showed that maternal weight gain was significantly associated with pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal age, gestational age and intakes of energy, potassium. Further multivariate analyses suggest that vitaminB6 may be a significant predictor for low birth weight and energy intake and maternal age for maternal weight gain. Our findings suggest that dietary and lifestyle interventions during pregnancy can improve maternal and infant pregnancy outcomes. Prepregnancy weight control and intakes of energy and vitamin B6 need to be taken into considerations in developing strategic prenatal care programs to promote desirable pregnancy outcome.

Evaluation for Patterns of the Maternal Weight changes and the Twin Weight Discordance Changes during whole Pregnant Periods / 대한주산의학회잡지

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the patterns of changes in maternal weight and fetal weight discordance in twin pregnancies during consecutive gestational periods. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was done for a total of 148 twin pregnancies taken care of throughout pregnancies between February 2002 and May 2004. They were divided into two groups; group A consisting of 109 cases without postnatal complications and with no more than 25% twin weight discordance at birth, and group B consisting of 39 cases with more than 25% twin weight discordance. Both ultrasound examination and maternal weight measurement were conducted in the three gestational intervals; between prepregnant times to gestational age 18 weeks, between gestational ages 18 to 28 weeks, and from gestational age 28 weeks to delivery. RESULTS: Except for maternal weights, none of the pregnancy factors such as maternal age, parity, gravity, height, prepregnant weight, duration of pregnancy, natural or artificial pregnant status, gender and chorionicity showed any significant difference by means between the two groups. The maternal BMI of the group A vs. the group B at the first, the second, and the third period were 0.53+/-0.10% and 2.01+/-1.28%, 2.97+/-0.11% and 4.84+/-1.23%, and 3.29+/-0.16% and 2.15+/-0.63% respectively. Inter-twin weight discordances between the two groups were 8.29+/-0.67% vs. 11.26+/-1.25 %, 7.79+/-0.05% vs. 11.03+/-1.36%, and 9.07+/-0.55% vs. 32.79+/-1.13%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Although several factors that affect twin weight discordance may be considered, we showed that the pattern of maternal weight gain during the gestational period is associated with the estimated values of twin weight discordances in the first gestational period.

The influence of maternal weight gain to birth weight / 대한산부인과학회지

OBJECTIVE: Birth weight of the newborns is the major factor affecting maternal, childhood mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of maternal weight gain and Body Mass Index (BMI) gain by trimester of pregnancy on birth weight of newborns. METHODS: The data of 73 women who delivered at our institute from March 2004 to June 2004 were analyzed. Maternal weight gain and BMI gain during pregnancy was calculated. Statistical analysis was done. RESULTS: The standardized woman in 1.6 m height had total 12.5 kg weight gain during pregnancy. The BMI was calculated. Women with total BMI gain over 4.88 were grouped in over BMI group. The BMI gain by trimester and gestational age of pregnancy were analyzed. Maternal BMI gain in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy influences more strongly newborns' weight than does in the 1st or 2nd trimester. CONCLUSION: We considered that maternal BMI gain during each trimester of pregnancy was a marker of newborns' weight gain.

The Effect of Prepregnancy Body Mass Index and Weight Gain during Pregnancy on Infant Birth Weight

BACKGROUND: To examine the effect of weight gain during pregnancy and prepregnancy body mass index on infant birth weight in normal term pregnancy. METHODS: We analyzed the weight data from 501 women who were in healthy singleton term pregnancy in a general hospital in Seoul from Jan. 2001 to Jun. 2001. Among the 501 women, 209 women whose data were available to calculate weight gain in every trimester were chosen. To study the effect of maternal weight gain on infant birth weight, multiple regression analysis, controlled for selected covariables, was carried out on the entire sample and on each prepregnancy weight group. RESULTS: In all the subjects both prepregnancy body mass and weight gain significantly influenced birth weight. For the lower and normal BMI, each kilogram of maternal weight gain significantly increased birth weight. CONCLUSION: These observations supports the recent evidence for the association between maternal weight gain and birth weight, but only for woman whose prepregnancy BMI are lower and normal. High maternal prepregnancy BMI did not have any influence of weight gain on birth weight.

The Association of Maternal Body Mass Index with Birth Weight and Cesarean Delivery / 대한산부인과학회잡지

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlations of pre-pregnancy maternal BMI(body mass index), and weight gain during pregnancy with Birth weight and Cesarean delivery in full term infants. METHODS: We collected data from 1086 pregnancies without complications, and analysed pre-pregnancy maternal BMI, weight gain during pregnancy, and the incidences of SGA(small-for-gestational age), LGA(large-for-gestational age), cesarean delivery. Chi-square test, T-test, and One way Anova test were performed for stastatical analysis. RESULTS: In pre-pregnancy maternal BMI 26.0kg/m2 group, 0%, 23.6% and 36.4% respectively(p<0.05). In under weight gain during pregnancy group, incidence of SGA was 13.4%, LGA 4.7% and cesarean delivery 15.7% respectively, but in high weight gain group, 4.8%, 19.5% and 21.0% respectively(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: There was significant correlations among pre-pregnancy maternal BMI, weight gain during pregnancy, birth weight and cesarean delivery. From these results, it is considered that antenatal maternal BMI and weight gain during pregnancy are valuable to predict birth weight and cesarean delivery.

Prepregnancy weight, maternal weight gain, and birth weight

BACKGROUND: Low birth weight and high birth weight are closely related to perinatal complications. The purpose of this study is to estimate the association of prepregnancy weight, maternal weight gain and infant birth weight. METHODS: The effect on birth weight in 724 live births after 38~42 weeks gestation was studied at Taegu Medical Center, between January, 1997, and August, 1998. Pregnant women with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, multiple pregnancy and drug abuse were excluded because of their possible influence on birth weight. To study the effect on infant birth weight, multiple regression analysis was carried out. RESULTS: We evaluated 724 pregnant women and their babies. Mean prepregnancy weight was 52.2+/-.9kg, mean maternal weight gain was 13.0+/-.6kg, and mean BMI(Body Mass Index) was 20.5+/-2.5kg/m(2). Mean gestational age was 278+/-7.3days and mean birth weight was 3,320.5+/-405.2gm. Correlation coefficient between birth weight and prepregnancy weight was 0.347(p<0.01), and maternal weight gain was 0.248(p<0.01), and BMI(Body Mass Index) was 0.261(p<0.01). Birth weight was significantly correlated with prepregnancy weight(p<0.01) and maternal weight gain(p<0.01), but prepregnancy weight was not significantly correlated with maternal weight gain(p<0.05). Prepregnancy weight had most apparent influence on birth weight. CONCLUSIONS: Prepregnancy weight and maternal weight gain was positively related to birth weight. These results suggest that there are good effects of properly controlling prepregnancy weight and maternal weight gain in pregnant women and their babies.

Maternal Weight Gain Pattern and Birth Weight / 영남의대학술지

Maternal weight gain during pregnancy has been consistently associated with infant birth weight and pregnancy outcome. Our purpose was to determined the relationship between maternal weight gain pattern and birth weight. Consequently, maternal weight gain is monitored carefully and is encouraged during prenatal care in order to improve pregnancy outcome. Our study group included both 424 uncomplicated women and infant delivered at the Yeungnam University Hospital between 1993-1996. All recorded prenatal weight gain measurements were used to estimate maternal trimester weight gain, pattern of gain (based on low versus not-low gain at each trimester), and total gain at delivery. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between these weight gain measurements and fetal birth weight. Each kilogram of maternal gain in the first, second, and third trimesters was associatedwith statistically related to the increase in fatal birth weight by 31.3, 19.0, and 24.5g, respectively. When compaired with the pattern of gain that was not low in any trimester, patterns with low gain in the first trimesters were associated with significant decreases in birth weight, but no important change in birth weight was seen for the group whose gains were not low in the first trimester. The results suggest that specific patterns of maternal weight gain, particularly weight gain during the first trimester, are related to fetal birth weight.