Health fitness and its influencing factors among urban elderly residents in Lanzhou city / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To analyze the health fitness and its influencing factors among urban elderly residents in Lanzhou city.Methods:A multi-stage sampling method was used to survey urban elderly residents in Lanzhou city with self-designed questionnaire from July 17th to August 3rd, 2020. The questionnaire included general information, life habits and Healthy Fitness Measurement Scale Version 1.0 (HFMS V 1.0), a total of 1 124 questionnaires were distributed and 1 124 were collected, including 1 043 valid questionnaires (92.8%). The HFMS V 1.0 was scored with Likert 5-point scale, positive and negative scoring method. The health fitness status of the subjects was divided into low, medium and high levels according to the norms of HFMS V 1.0 for Chinese urban elderly residents. The influencing factors were analyzed by using the chi-square test and ordinal logistic regression.Results:The conversion score of HFMS V 1.0 for the urban elderly residents in Lanzhou city was 61.99±14.20, and the physical fitness score was the lowest (57.84±16.98); of the 1 043 subjects, 332 (31.83%), 360 (34.52%) and 351 (33.65%) subjects were classified with low, medium, and high health fitness levels, respectively. Chronic diseases and poor dietary habits were the risk factors for the health fitness of urban elderly residents in Lanzhou city (both P<0.05); more adequate sun exposure, physical exercise, sufficient sleep, high self-health concern and high frustration quotient were protective factors for health fitness in those subjects (all P<0.05). Conclusion:The overall level of health fitness in urban elderly residents in Lanzhou city is moderate, and chronic disease, dietary habits, sun exposure, physical exercise, length of sleep, self-health concern and frustration quotient are the main influencing factors.

Norm construction of health-related physical fitness measurment scale for urban elderly in China / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To establish the norms of health-related physical fitness measurement scale (HRPFMS) for urban elderly in China, and provide reference for assessing the level of health-related physical fitness of the elderly.Methods:Conducting a large-scale epidemiological investigation with a multistage stratified sampling method among 5 833 urban elderly residents sampled from 6 regions in China.IBM SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis.The mean, percentile and threshold norms were established based on the characteristics of HRPFMS scores for urban elderly in China.Results:The mean, percentile and threshold norms of total, organic function, motor function and physical adaptive capacity of urban elderly in China were established according to gender and different age groups (60-64, 65-69, 70-74, 75-79, and ≥80 years old). The mean norm of the total scores of male in different age groups were 64.25±12.65, 60.55±12.48, 58.13±13.59, 56.66±12.44 and 53.50±14.66, respectively, and the mean norm of the total scores of women in different age groups were 59.77±12.12, 57.67±12.50, 54.30±12.25, 50.47±13.39 and 41.72±13.11, respectively. According to the mean± SD and mean±0.5 SD of the converted scores, the threshold norms of HRPFMS were divided into 5 states, namely very low, low, moderate, high and very high states, and the values were [0, 43.47], (43.47, 50.23], (50.23, 63.75], (63.75, 70.51] and (70.51, 100], respectively. Conclusion:The norms of HRPFMS for urban elderly in China are well-represented. It can provide evaluation criteria for Chinese elderly health-related physical fitness level.

Self-rated health status and its influencing factors of medical staff in Lanzhou City / 环境与职业医学

Background Because of high working intensity, high responsibility, and unexpected situations, health care workers may suffer great work pressure, which may lead to health damage. Objective To explore the self-rated health status and its influencing factors such as demographic and occupational-related factors of medical staff in Lanzhou. Methods In-service medical staff were selected by using cluster random sampling method from 18 public hospitals in Lanzhou City and were investigated with a self-made questionnaire and the Self-rated Health Measurement Scale (SRHMS). SRHMS includes 48 items in 10 dimensions, which are divided into three sub-scales of physical health, mental health, and social health, and another independent dimension is overall health. The scores were converted into a percentage scale and expressed as the percentage of measured score to full score; a higher score indicated better health, and >70% was considered good health status. t test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and Spearman correlation were used to analyze the scores of SRHMS and the demographic and occupational-related factors affecting the scores of physical, mental, and social health sub-scales. Results A total of 2989 valid questionnaires were recovered. There were statistically significant differences in total score and the scores of physical, mental, and social health among medical staff of different age, educational background, length of service, and weekly working hours groups (P < 0.05). The percentage of total score to full score in the medical staff was 71.41%, but the scores of physical, mental, and social health sub-scales and total scale of selected participants were all lower than the corresponding domestic norms (t=−3.323, −12.283, −7.157, −9.659, P < 0.05); the percentage of psychological symptoms and negative emotions in mental health scale to full score was the lowest, only 58.39%. Educational background, length of service, and weekly working hours were negatively correlated with physical health score (r=−0.061, −0.060, −0.165, P < 0.05); professional title was positively correlated with mental health score (r=0.045, P < 0.05), while educational background and weekly working hours were negatively correlated with it (r=−0.051, −0.172, P < 0.05). Monthly income, professional title, and length of service were positively correlated with social health score (r=0.040, 0.049, 0.071, P < 0.05), while educational background and weekly working hours were negatively correlated with it (r=−0.038, −0.110, P < 0.05). Conclusion The self-rated health status of selected medical staff in Lanzhou is generally good, but lower than that of the norm, especially the mental health score is the lowest. The self-rated health score of total scale is correlated with education, length of service, professional title, and working time per week.

Diseño, confiabilidad y validez de una escala de autopercepción de éxito para colaboradores de empresas medianas en México / Design, reliability and validity of a self-perception scale of success for collaborators of medium-sized companies in Mexico

Resumen La autopercepción del éxito se considera como una sensación de bienestar personal, laboral, económico o emocional que una persona experimenta a partir del logro de propósitos alcanzados en actividades que le apasionan. Hasta el momento se ha omitido su estudio en los trabajadores, quienes suelen ser los responsables del desarrollo operativo en cualquier organización. El propósito de esta investigación implicó el diseño, confiabilidad y validez de una escala de autopercepción de éxito para colaboradores de organizaciones medianas mexicanas. Los análisis de fiabilidad, factoriales exploratorio y confirmatorio dan cuenta de una consistencia interna adecuada para la medición de la autopercepción de éxito, con una escala final integrada por ocho ítems (α=.805) que se validó con una muestra de 225 trabajadores pertenecientes a seis empresas. Conocer el nivel de autopercepción de éxito que manifiestan los trabajadores permitiría la generación de estrategias de apoyo o reforzamiento para promover un aumento en su seguridad, competencia y desempeño en las empresas.

Abstract The self-perception of success is considered as a feeling of personal, work, economic or emotional well-being that a person experiences from the achievement of goals achieved in activities that they are passionate about. However, the study of workers has been omitted, they are usually responsible for operational development in any organization. The purpose of this research was the design, reliability and validity of a scale of self-perception of success for collaborators of medium-sized Mexican organizations. The reliability, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyzes show adequate internal consistency for measuring the self-perception of success, with a final scale made up of eight items (α = .805) that was validated in a sample of 225 workers belonging to six companies. Knowing the level of self-perception of success that workers manifest would allow the generation of support or reinforcement strategies to promote an increase in their safety, competence and performance in companies.

Reliability and validity of Healthy Fitness Measurement Scale (V1.0) for evaluating healthy fitness of college students in Guangzhou / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the reliability and validity of Healthy Fitness Measurement Scale V1.0 (HFMS V1.0) for assessing healthy fitness status of college students in Guangzhou.@*METHODS@#A total of 584 college students were evaluated with HFMS V1.0. The reliability and validity of HFMS V1.0 scale were assessed for its discrimination degree, Cronbach α coefficient, split-half reliability, test-retest reliability, content validity, structural validity, calibration validity and responsiveness.@*RESULTS@#The Cronbach α of HFMS V1.0 scale was 0.893, the split-half coefficient was 0.909, and the test-retest coefficient was 0.923. The correlation coefficients of each dimension with its subscales ranged from 0.687 to 0.931. The correlation coefficient between each item and its dimension ranged from 0.558 to 0.863(@*CONCLUSIONS@#HFMS V1.0 has high reliability and validity for evaluating healthy fitness status of college students.

Advance in Trunk Control Measurement Scale for Patients with Cerebral Palsy (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

Complex physical activity is a prerequisite for the completion of advanced sports skills, while trunk control is a prerequisite for complex physical activity. Cerebral palsy is often characterized by poor trunk control and poor balance response. An accurate measurement for trunk control function of patients is of great guiding significance for clinical treatment. Trunk Control Measurement Scale (TCMS) is applied to children with neuromotor dysfunction aged five years and above. TCMS has high reliability and validity, and high test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability in evaluating spastic cerebral palsy, and it is a reliable, effective and appropriate measurement tool in evaluating the trunk control ability. It can combine with other functional scales to provide more valuable information for the function of patients with cerebral palsy because of its high correlation with other types of scales.

Establishment of the norms of Sub-Health Measurement Scale Version 1.0 for Chinese urban residents / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To establish the norms of Sub-Health Measurement Scale (SHMS V1.0) for Chinese urban residents.@*METHODS@#Using a multistage stratified sampling method, we conducted a large-scale epidemiological investigation among 15 066 urban residents sampled from 6 regions in China, including Tianjin City (north China), Guangdong Province (south China), Anhui Province (central south China), Sichuan Province (southwest China), Lanzhou City (northwest China) and Harbin City (northeast China). The mean, percentile and threshold norms were established based on the characteristics of SHMS V1.0 scores for Chinese urban residents.@*RESULTS@#The mean and percentile norms of total, physical, mental and social sub-health of Chinese urban residents were established according to gender and different age groups (14-19, 20-29, 30-49, 50-64 and ≥65 years). The threshold norms of SHMS V1.0 divided 5 health states, namely disease, severe sub-health, moderate subhealth, mild sub-health and healthy states according to the ± and ±0.5 of the converted scores.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The norms of Sub-Health Measurement Scale (SHMS V1.0) for Chinese urban residents were established, which provides a reference for rapid screening and diagnosis of sub-health status in Chinese urban residents and facilitates further study of the prevalence and contributing factors of sub-health.

Evaluation and application analysis of college students sub-health measurement scale / 重庆医学

Objective To assess the structure validity of application of sub-health measurement scale version 1.0(SHMS V1.0)in college students in Guangzhou City to lay a foundation for further analyzing the healthy status in this group and its influen-cing factors.Methods Nine hundreds college students were selected by adopting the stratified random sampling method for conduc-ting the questionnaire survey.The SPSS20.0 and AMOS21.0 were adopted to conduct the exploratory factor analysis(EFA)and confirmatory factor analysis(CFA)respectively.Results EFA obtained 7 factors with eigenvalue more than 1,the cumulative vari-ance contribution rate was 56.766%,moreover 7 factors were basically consistent with the theoretical structure of SHMS V 1.0. CFA conducted the model fitting for 3 total scales and 3 subscales,the results showed that the fitting of 3 subscales was good,the fitting result of total scale could be accepted,but did not reach the desired effect.Therefore,five times modification was applied in the total scale,and the fitting indexes after modification were CMIN/DF=2.723,GFI=0.907,IFI=0.917,TLI= 0.905,CFI=0.917,RMSEA=0.046,the fitting effect was comparatively excellent.Conclusion The dimension division of sub-health measure-ment scale is basically reasonable,and using this scale for measuring the sub-health status of college students in Guangzhou City has a better structure validity.

Introduction and Commentary of Measurement for Moral Injury of Foreign Army / 中国医学伦理学

In recent years, foreign army researches showed that moral injury emerged in the war had gradually become a new traumatic act to the veterans. How to effectively evaluate and prevent moral injury has drawn exten-sive attention of scholars. This paper introduced and commented the measurement of the foreign army moral injury. At present, foreign measurement scales of moral injury mainly had three kinds of MIES, MIES ( improved ver-sion) , and MIQ-M. Moral injury is the new horizon of ethical research in our country, and it is of great applica-tion prospect to carry out the research on measurement of moral injury.

Reliability and Concurrent Validity of Korean Version of the Trunk Control Measurement Scale (K-TCMS) for Children with Cerebral Palsy

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to develop a Korean version of the trunk control measurement scale (TCMS) and examine the reliability and concurrent validity of the K-TCMS in children with cerebral palsy. METHODS: Subjects for the study were 23 children with cerebral palsy (CP)(mean age: 84.70 months) recruited from one CP clinic. For the interrater and test-retest reliabilities, four raters (A, B, C, D) measured the K-TCMS two times using video clips with an interval of two weeks. For the concurrent validity, the Korean version of the gross motor function measure (K-GMFM) was chosen. Inter-rater reliability and test-retest reliability of the three K-TCMS subscale (static sitting balance, dynamic sitting balance and dynamic reaching) scores and the total scores were investigated using the intra-correlation coefficient (ICC₃,₁). Spearman's correlation coefficient (r) was calculated to investigate the concurrent validity. RESULTS: The inter-rater reliability of the K-TCMS subscales and total scores were all high (ICC₃,₁=0.968-0.992). For the test-retest reliability, ICC₃,₁=0.827–0.962. The concurrent validity between the K-TCMS's total and three subscale scores and K-GMFM's total score were r=0.600–0.667. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the K-TCMS can be used in clinical and research settings as a standardized tool for CP children. The K-TCMS might be also useful for selecting treatment goals and planning interventions for children with cerebral palsy.

Norms on the construction of self-rated health measurement scale of urban residents in Guangdong / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To establish the norms of Self-rated Health Measurement Scale Version 1. 0 ( SRHMS V1.0) for urban residents in Guangdong. Methods We used regional stratified random sampling method to select 6000 urban residents of 5 cities in Guangdong ( including Guangzhou, Maoming, Shantou, Shaoguan and Shenzhen) for a questionnaire investigation with SRHMS V1. 0, and establish the norms of mean,percentile and threshold based on characteristics of SRHMS V1.0 scores. Results The residents can be divided into 8 groups on the basis of gender and cut-off point of age 40,50 and 60. The mean norms of SRHMS V1.0 total scores were:(78.57±10.10),(76.93±9.90),(75.33±10.66),(69.45±13.90)for males under age40,40-50,50-60 and above 60 respectively;(77.03±10.00),(74.55±10.27),(72.24±11.76), (66.48±14.37)for females under age40,40-50,50-60 and above 60 respectively. The percentile norms of SRHMS V1.0 from 5 percent to 95 percent were established with 5% as interval. The norms of cutting off scores were established as five states according to the scores of TS,namely severe poor health,poor health,gen-eral health,good health and fairly good health,with( x-s),( x-0.5s),( x+0.5s),( x+s) as cutting off scores. Conclusion The study established the SRHMS V1.0 norms for urban residents of Guangdong preliminarily,which provides reference for further research of the population''s health status and its impacting factors.

Percepción de innovación en las organizaciones. Percepción de innovación en organizaciones de España y Latinoamérica / Perception of innovation in organizations. Perception of innovation in organizations of Spain and Latin América

Se indaga sobre la percepción de factores psicosociales de la innovación en organizaciones de España y Latinoamérica utilizando una medida construida a partir de la evidencia meta-analítica. El inventario de conductas y actitudes colectivas favorables a la innovación muestra adecuada fiabilidad y validez predictiva, de criterio, convergente y discriminante. Se percibe que las características de rol laboral, el liderazgo, los factores grupales y de clima emocional se dan en forma moderada y en menor medida, los factores organizacionales. La importancia atribuida a la innovación y su valoración es percibida como superior a su presencia y en mayor medida en otras organizaciones que en la propia. La percepción global de innovación se asoció positiva y significativamente a los factores psicosociales mostrando relevancia las características de rol laboral, el factor organizacional y, en menor medida el liderazgo. Este es mediador entre los factores organizacionales, de rol y la innovación. Congruentemente con los meta-análisis la asociación fue menos relevante con los factores individuales, grupales y de clima socio-emocional. Se discuten resultados e implicaciones prácticas.

This study examines the perception of factors of innovation in samples of experts and workers from Spain and Latin-America, using a scale based on meta-analytic evidence. The scale of collective behavior and attitudes favorable to innovation shows satisfactory reliability and criterion validity. Participants perceive that role, group, leadership, climate and psychological factors of innovations exist at a moderate level, while perceive that organizational structure of innovation are present at a lower extent. Valuation of innovation is perceived as higher than actual degree of it, and both valuation and frequency of innovation are perceived as higher in others organizations than in the organization to which participants belongs. Perceived level of innovation was strongly associated to organizational and role factors, and in a lower extent to leadership factors, while individual and group factors were less relevant, congruently with meta-analysis. Positive and innovative leadership play a meditational rol between organizational and role factors and innovation. Implications of results for organizations are discussed.

Design and content validation of the oral hygiene habits scale / Diseño y validación de contenido de la escala de hábitos de higiene bucal

Abstract: the presence of dental plaque is associated with deterioration of oral health, tooth decay, gingivitis and periodontal disease. The study of content validity of a new instrument aims to determine whether the items included in the measuring instrument are representative of the assessed construct. The objective of this research was to design and validate the content of an oral hygiene habits scale. A Likert-like scale, named Oral Hygiene Habits Scale (OHHS), containing 10 items and five response options on frequency of behavior, was developed to assess the dimensions of toothbrushing and flossing. Six experts were recruited for the study. They were asked to conduct their evaluations individually. Four characteristics (adequacy, clarity, consistency and relevance) were evaluated for each item, using an assessment scale of four ordinal values (from 1="does not meet the criteria" to 4="high level of compliance"). Data were analyzed using the binomial test, Kendall’s W and Fleiss’s Kappa coefficient. The judges mostly indicated a high level of compliance with the characteristics evaluated for each item and their judgments were consistent with one another. It is concluded that the OHHS composed of 10 items showed content validity. Further studies are suggested to determine its reliability and construct validity.

Resumen: la presencia de placa bacteriana se asocia con el deterioro de la salud oral, aparición de caries, gingivitis y enfermedad periodontal. El estudio de la validez de contenido de un instrumento nuevo, se centra en que los ítems del instrumento de medición sean representativos del constructo evaluado. El objetivo de esta investigación fue diseñar y validar el contenido de una escala de hábitos de higiene bucal. Se creó una escala de 10 ítems tipo Likert con cinco opciones de respuesta sobre frecuencia de conducta para evaluar las dimensiones de cepillado y uso del hilo dental, denominada como Escala de Hábitos de Higiene Bucal (EHHB). Se reclutó a seis expertos quienes realizaron sus evaluaciones individualmente. Se valoraron cuatro características (suficiencia, claridad, coherencia y relevancia) en cada ítem, usando una escala de cuatro valores ordinales (de 1="no cumple" a 4="alto nivel"). Los datos fueron analizados mediante la prueba binomial, la W de Kendall y el coeficiente Kappa de Fleiss. Los jueces mayoritariamente indicaron alto nivel de cumplimiento de las características evaluadas para cada ítem y sus juicios fueron concordantes. Se concluye que la EHHB compuesta por 10 ítems presentó validez de contenido, y se sugiere seguir estudiando la escala para determinar su confiabilidad y validez de constructo.

Potentral of plasma level of HSP70 as a biological marker of military stress / 军事医学

Objective To study the possibility of the plasma level of heat shock protein 70(HSP70) being used as a bi-ological marker of military stress .Methods Soldiers who returned from a 6-month-navigation were chosen as subjects , the HSP70 level of plasma was measured with the ELISA assay and stress questionnaires and Self -rated Health Measurement Scale (SRHMS) were used to measure the stress level .Results The soldiers′plasma level of HSP70 was 31.40%higher than that of the control .The stress questionnaire indicatesd that the level of thinking and anxiety , negative mood and somat-ic symptoms were higher than normal .The SRHMS indicated that the level of physiological health ,mental health and social health was lower than normal .The plasma level of HSP70 was associated with the level of military stress .Conclusion The plasma level of HSP70 may be used as an important predictor of military stress .It can predict the level of military stress injury.

Estilos promotores de salud y funcionamiento familiar: Comuna de Hualpén, Región del Bío Bío, Chile / Styles health workers and family functioning: Hualpén Commune Bío Bío Region, Chile

Estudio correlacional y de corte transversal que buscó conocer las variables del funcionamiento familiar presentes en la adopción de estilos promotores de salud, en la Comuna de Hualpén. El universo estuvo conformado por las usuarias del Programa de Salud de la Mujer de un centro de salud de la Comuna de Hualpén y que se hayan realizado el examen Papanicolaou entre los meses de enero y diciembre de 2011 y que pertenecieran a familias con hijos adolescentes. De las mujeres que cumplían los requisitos se obtuvo una población de estudio compuesta por un total de 141 mujeres. Destacaron correlaciones significativas inversas de estilos de vida saludable; la búsqueda de apoyo social y profesional. A partir de los resultados, se hace necesario fomentar la inclusión de factores determinantes sociales de la salud en las políticas públicas que permitan incentivar a las familias a participar como agente promotor en conductas de salud.

Study correlational and cross-sectional aimed to know the family functioning variables present in the adoption of health promoters styles, in the municipality of Talcahuano. The universe was made by the users of the Health Program for Women of a health center and Hualpén Commune have been performed Pap test between January and December 2011 and who belonged to families with teenage children. Of the women who qualified obtained a study population comprised a total of 141 women. Significant inverse correlations stressed healthy lifestyles, seeking social support and professional. From the results, it is necessary to promote the inclusion of social determinants of health in public policies to encourage families to participate as an advocate on health behaviors.

A Review of Fundamentals of Statistical Concepts in Clinical Trials

Statistical analysts engaged in typical clinical trials often have to confront a tight schedule to finish massive statistical analyses specified in a Standard Operation Procedure (SOP). Thus, statisticians or not, most analysts would want to reuse or slightly modify existing programs. Since even a slight misapplication of statistical methods or techniques can easily drive a whole conclusion to a wrong direction, analysts should arm themselves with well organized statistical concepts in advance. This paper will review basic statistical concepts related to typical clinical trials. The number of variables and their measurement scales determine an appropriate method. Since most of the explanatory variables in clinical trials are designed beforehand, the main statistics we review for clinical trials include univariate data analysis, design of experiments, and categorical data analysis. Especially, if the response variable is binary or observations collected from a subject are correlated, the analysts should pay special attention to selecting an appropriate method. McNemar's test and multiple McNemar's test are respectively recommended for comparisons of proportions between correlated two samples or proportions among correlated multi-samples.

Translation and Validation of the Korean Version of MUDI and MUSIQ with Urinary Incontinent Older Men

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the Male Urinary Distress Inventory (MUDI) and Male Urinary Symptom Impact Questionnaire (MUSIQ). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A convenient sample of community-dwelling older men with urinary incontinence participated. A cross-sectional survey design was used for this study. A panel of experts completed the initial translation into Korean and back-translated the MUDI and MUSIQ. Upon establishment of the content and translation equivalence between English and Korean versions of the MUDI and MUSIQ, psychometric properties were evaluated for reliability, concurrent, and construct validity with a sample of 143 older men. RESULTS: The internal consistencies of both instruments were found to be acceptable, and Cronbach's coefficients were 0.88 for the MUDI-K and 0.92 for the MUSIQ-K. A significant moderate correlation between MUDI-K and MUSIQ-K was found in this study, indicating modest concurrent validity between these 2 instruments (r = 0.56, p < 0.001). For construct validity, the mean scores of the MUDI-K were significantly different for age, marital status, prostate surgery, erectile dysfunction, and depression (p < 0.05). The means scores of MUSIQ-K were significantly different for depression (p < 0.05) only. For both the MUDI-K and MUSIQ-K, 7 factors were extracted, accounting for 68.1% and 72.1% of the variance. CONCLUSION: Results of this study suggest that the MUDI-K and MUSIQ-K can be used as a reliable and valid measure of health-related quality of life in community- dwelling Korean older men with urinary incontinence.

Application of Quality of Life Scale in Stroke(review) / 中国康复理论与实践

@#The development and evolution of the concept of quality of life(QOL)is introduced. Focuses on the quality of life scale in stroke patients with application and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of various scale.

The Study on Self-rated Sub-health Status of Medical Students / 中国慢性病预防与控制

Objective To understand the self-rated sub-health status among medical students and its main relative influencing factors. Methods By random stratified and cluster sampling, 878 medical students were selected to investigate sub-health status using Self-rated Health Measurement Scale-the Revised Version 1.0(SRHMS V1.0) and analyzed the related main influencing factors including gender, grade and specialty in college, daily study time, daily online time and cost of living per month. Results The results showed that the proportion of total good-health status among medical students was 21.2%. The prevalent rate of total sub-health status was 54.9%. The prevalent rates of physical, mental and social sub-health status were 49.3%, 28.6% and 39.2%, respectively; and theses rates in female students was significantly higher than those in male students. The prevalent rate of total sub-health status was significant difference with levels of daily online time (?2=15.544, P=0.001). The composition of total health status was significant difference with levels of grades, specialty and daily online time (P=0.000, P=0.005, P=0.000). The proportion of total bad-health and sub-health status was significant difference with levels of grades and specialty, and grade two students and clinical students took the highest proportion. Conclusions The prevalent rate of sub-health status among medical students was generally existent, and mental and physical health among medical students was mainly affected by gender, grade, specialty and daily online time. We should take proper intervention and adjustment to promote medical students' health.

Measurement scale of traditional Chinese medical syndrome of sub-health state / 中华中医药杂志

Objective:To study and design measurement scale which can judge and survey sub-health state and itscharacteristic of TCM syndrome.Methods:Making use of methods of scale technique,literature research,expertise consultation et al,based on TCM theory,via conceptualization and operation of sub-health and TCM syndrome,forming structure and type of scale,establishing item pool and results,and then through item selection,assessment of validity and reliability of pre-investigation,making the measurement scale.Results:The scale is made up of 4 parts:body function state,psychological function state,social function state and particular state of TCM.The 4 parts are divided into 15 sorts,including 120 items.Conclusion:The scale contributes much to the diagnosis of sub-health state and the clari cation of clinical manifestations,features,distributions of TCM syndrome of public of sub-health,which is one of the most important methods for investigating TCM syndrome of sub-health state.