ABSTRACT
Many premature infants require mechanical ventilatory support and oxygen supply. Because they have immature lungs, these ventilator supports contribute to the development of ventilator induced lung injury, which causes the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in large portion. Recent meta-analysis reported that the volume-targeted ventilation reduced the development of BPD and death. Non-invasive ventilator support also can reduce the adverse effects associated with intubation and mechanical ventilatory support. The technological advancements, including microprocessors, enhance the development of new devices with new modes of ventilatory support. A lot of limits and demerits of conventional ventilatory support obviously inspired the thoughts of new modes of ventilatory support. In this article, new modes of ventilatory support for neonates, as well as conventional modes, are introduced in the hope of adopting strategies with evidences efficiently.