ABSTRACT
Abstract Medicine can be broadly divided into two fields: clinical medicine that aims to save existing patients and basic medical research that aims to save the lives of future patients. In terms of disseminating basic medical research, medical journals play a vital role for physicians and scientists, as they enable them to share experiences. The author, who has been serving as an Associate Editor of the Brazilian journal Acta Cirurgica Brasileira over a long period of time, wishes to encourage physicians and researchers to submit their papers to medical journals. As we currently face the difficult battle against COVID-19 pandemic, physicians worldwide must team up and fight the virus for the safety of our future generations.
Subject(s)
Humans , Periodicals as Topic , Pneumonia, Viral , Coronavirus Infections , Biomedical Research , Pandemics , Betacoronavirus , International Cooperation , Brazil , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19 , JapanABSTRACT
Este artigo examina o papel estratégico desempenhado pelo Annaes Brasilienses de Medicina - órgão oficial da Academia Imperial de Medicina -, na busca da elite médica pela legitimação socioprofissional no campo da medicina mental, visando a expansão de suas prerrogativas no âmbito das relações entre loucura, responsabilidade penal, direitos civis e medicina legal de 1860 a 1880.
This article examines the strategic role played by the Brazilian Annals of Medicine, the official organ of the Imperial Academy of Medicine. Its objective was to socially legitimize the medical elite in the field of mental health. It sought to broaden its prerogatives in the area of madness, criminal liability, civil rights and forensic medicine between 1860 and 1880.
Cet article examine le rôle stratégique des Annaes Brasilienses de Medicina (Annales Brésiliennes de Médicine) - organe officiel de l'Académie Impériale de Médicine - pour l'élite médicale à la recherche d'une légitimation socioprofessionnelle dans le domaine de la médicine mentale visant à étendre ses prérogatives par rapport à la folie, la responsabilité pénale, les droits civils et la médicine légale de 1860 à 1880.
Este artículo examina el papel estratégico desempeñado por los Anales de Medicina Brasilienses - órgano oficial de la Academia Imperial de Medicina -, en la búsqueda de la élite médica por la legitimación sócio-profesional en el campo de la medicina mental, com el objetivo de expandir sus prerrogativas en el ámbito de la relación entre locura, responsabilidad penal, derechos civiles e medicina legal desde 1860 hasta 1880.
Subject(s)
Humans , Civil Rights , History of Medicine , Mental Disorders/historyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The statistical analysis is an essential procedure ensuring that the results of researches are based on evidences rather than opinion. The purpose of this study is to evaluate which statistical techniques are used and whether these statistical methods are used appropriately or not in the journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 185 articles reported in the journal of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases in 1999. We evaluated the validity of used statistical methods based upon the checklist that was developed on the basis of the guideline for statistical reporting in articles for medical journals by International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. RESULTS: Among 185 articles, original articles and case reports were 110 (59.5%) and 61 (33.0%) respectively. In 112 articles excluding case reports and reviews, statistical techniques were used in 107 articles (95.5%). In 94 articles (83.9%) descriptive and inferential methods were used, while in 13 (11.6%) articles only descriptive methods were used. With the types of inferential statistical techniques, comparison of means was most commonly used (64/94, 68.1%), followed by contingency table (43/94, 45.7%) and correlation or regression (18/94, 19.1%). Among the articles in which descriptive methods were used, 83.2% (89/107) showed inappropriate central tendency and dispersion. In the articles in which inferential methods were used, improper methods were applied in 88.8% (79/89) and the most frequent misuse of statistical methods was inappropriate use of parametric methods (35/89, 39.3%). Only 14 articles (13.1%) were satisfactory in utilization of statistical methodology. CONCLUSION: Most of the statistical errors found in the journal were misuses of statistical methods related to basic statistics. This study suggests that researchers should be more careful when they describe and apply statistical methods and more extensive statistical refereeing system would be needed.