ABSTRACT
Auto-injector, a spring-driven drug-device based combination production that automatically injects the drug into the skin via a pre-filled syringe or cartridge, allows minimally trained individuals to self-inject potentially life-saving medication when e-mergency medical care may be absent or remote, and thus has been becoming a supporting approach of emergency medicine for the first-aid. The auto-injector was developed originally by the United State of America, and experienced the three outstanding states in-cluding syrettes, single chamber auto-injectors and dual chamber auto-injectors from the battlefield to the civilianization. The current auto-injector devices have five different types named as ACE (AtroPen), ComboPen, Binaject, Soluject and Truject, respectively. The applied drugs to the systems for military use have atropine, pralidoxime chloride, obidoxime, diazepam and morphine sulfate. The oth-er drugs for emergency medical use such as epinephrine, lidocaine hydrochloride and sumatriptan have been also applied to. All of the auto-injector based combination production have been twined with a simulator in order to conduct a training schedule before use. Importantly, the needle hidden or the device-status notification technique after injection has been becoming a trend in the technology advances of the auto-injectors.
ABSTRACT
Auto-injector, a spring-driven drug-device based combination production that automatically injects the drug into the skin via a pre-filled syringe or cartridge, allows minimally trained individuals to self-inject potentially life-saving medication when emergency medical care may be absent or remote, and thus has been becoming a supporting approach of emergency medicine for the first-aid. The auto-injector was developed originally by the United State of America, and experienced the three outstanding states including syrettes, single chamber auto-injectors and dual chamber auto-injectors from the battlefield to the civilianization. The current auto-injector devices have five different types named as ACE (AtroPen), ComboPen, Binaject, Soluject and Truject, respectively. The applied drugs to the systems for military use have atropine, pralidoxime chloride, obidoxime, diazepam and morphine sulfate. The other drugs for emergency medical use such as epinephrine, lidocaine hydrochloride and sumatriptan have been also applied to. All of the auto-injector based combination production have been twined with a simulator in order to conduct a training schedule before use. Importantly, the needle hidden or the device-status notification technique after injection has been becoming a trend in the technology advances of the auto-injectors.