ABSTRACT
Introduction: When people die and their bodies are found withno identifying documentation, it is very difficult for the police toestablish their identities. These bodies are labelled as‘unknown/unidentified dead bodies’ (UIDB). The body ispreserved in the mortuary for 72 hours, from the time it isreceived in the mortuary. If no one claims the body after 72hours the police are legally authorized to dispose of the body.The aim of study is to find incidence of unnatural deaths inrelation to the age, sex, pattern of injuries and other parameterof the unknown victims and to ascertain the root cause of alltypes of deaths.Materials and Methods: This prospective study wasconducted in the Department of Forensic Medicine andToxicology, Patna Medical College, Patna, Bihar, Indiabetween August 2012 to September 2014. All the medico legalautopsies of unknown/unidentified bodies during this periodwere included in the study. Information regarding unclaimedbodies with regard to age, sex, cause of death and manner ofdeath was sourced from the autopsy reports and the inquestpapers of the investigating officers.Results: Out of total of 5103 autopsies done 401(7.85%) wereunknown/unidentified dead persons. 342 cases (85.28%) wereof male. Incidence of unknown/unidentified death was mainly inmiddle age group (30-50yrs) (42.64%). 225 (56.10%) deathswere due to accident/injury. Major cause of death due toinjuries were polytrauma. Highest cases were seen in winterseason and lowest in Autumn. 279 cases were untreated and122 hospitalized or treated cases in total unknown cases.Conclusion: Most of the literature available were on theindividual body identification or identification of victims of massdisasters. Unknown bodies comprised 7.85% of the totalautopsy load of the department. The age group 21-40 yearswas responsible for 44.85% of total cases. Accident is animportant cause of morbidity and mortality in the study area.Males are the most affected population; the common agegroup affected is 21–40 years. However, more studies arerecommended to find the actual cause of accidents andprevalence of homelessness and its health-related effects onmorbidity and mortality, which will help in providing health carefacilities to the needy.
ABSTRACT
Objetivo. Describir la frecuencia y características de los procesos ético-disciplinarios derivados de actos médicos resueltos por el Consejo Nacional del Colegio Médico del Perú, así como las características de los médicos implicados. Material y métodos. Se analizaron las resoluciones emitidas por el Consejo Nacional del Colegio en procesos ético-disciplinarios instaurados por denuncias de pacientes en el periodo 1991-2015. Resultados. Los procesos ético-disciplinarios instaurados por denuncias de pacientes aumentaron 4,3 veces entre 1991-2000 y 2006-2015; la mayoría (87%) provino de Lima y Callao. La tasa de incidencia de médicos involucrados en los procesos éticos fluctuó entre 1,5/1000-3,36/1000 en el periodo de estudio. La demanda más frecuente fue por mala atención (55%) seguida de certificado médico irregular (12%), delitos (11%) y no obtener consentimiento informado (9%). Fue sancionada casi la mitad de los 448 médicos implicados (49%) y en este grupo ser varón, médico general y ejercer fuera de Lima y Callao se asoció significativamente (p< 0,05) con severidad de la falta ética. Conclusión. Hubo crecimiento exponencial en procesos ético-disciplinarios derivados de actos médicos en el periodo de estudio y el motivo más frecuente fue la mala atención.
Objective: To describe the frequency and characteristics of demands resulting from medical acts in the Peruvian College of Physicians, and also the characteristics of physicians involved in such claims. Material and methods: All ethics- and discipline- decrees issued by the National Council of the Peruvian College of Physicians between 1991 and 2015 as a response to patients' demands were analyzed. Results: Ethics and discipline- related claims increased 4.3 times between 19912000 and 2006-2015; most of these cases (87%) were from Lima and Callao. The incidence rate of physicians involved in these ethical procedures ranged from 1.05/1000-3.36/1000 over the study period. The most frequent reason for ethical/discipline procedures was because of poor medical care (55%), irregularly issued medical certificates (12%), crime (11%) obtaining an and informed consent before certain procedures (9%). Ethical responsibility was found in 49% of 448 physicians, and certain characteristics, such as being male, general practitioner and working outside Lima and Callao were significantly associated (p < 0.05) with severe ethical faults. Conclusion: There has been an exponential growth in ethics- and discipline- related claims derived from medical acts during the study period. The most frequent complaint was poor medical care.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: When a disability is superimposed on a previous disability, the concept of aggravation of disability should be applied. In rating the disability for hearing loss, we focused on the aggravation of disability and the methods of assessment. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: For the past 12 years, we have provided legal advisory for 111 cases of hearing injury, for which disability had to be rated. In 11 of those 111 cases, disability was assessed in consideration of aggravation of disability. We assessed disability using three rating methods: they were based on 1) a change of hearing level from assumed normal, 2) apportionment of new hearing injury in final hearing, and 3) a change in disability rating. We evaluated for significant differences and correlations between the values obtained by each method. RESULTS: There was a significant difference between the results by the methods 1 and 2. The disability rating by the method 2 showed good correlations with those assessed by the methods 1 and 3. CONCLUSION: When considering aggravation of disability in hearing, the method 2 could be a good alternative when the standard method 3 is inappropriate.
Subject(s)
Disability Evaluation , Hearing , Hearing LossABSTRACT
Es importante tener un conocimiento desde el punto de vista Mdico Legal de las drogas en general, el uso y el abuso de las mismas, así como las manifestaciones clínicas y la dosis tóxica que cada una de ellas posee. En esta revisión se pretende refrescar los conocimientos que se tienen acerca de la cocaína, porque como peritos evaluadores de los casos en los que se requiere determinar la adicción de una persona o en el caso de los fallecimientos donde se sospecha el uso de la misma, es indispensable que sepamos determinar las manifestaciones clínicas, síntomas o signos que se desarrollan en el organismo tras el uso agudo o crónico de dicha droga...